Mechanical Engineering

Q1 / Do couples A and B of figure have the same external effect on body E?

Solution

N
CA= 85*4= 340 N.m
m
CB= 170*2= 340 N.m N

CA=CB
m

CA & CB have the same external effect on body E.

B

170N 170N
Q2/ Resolve the 1000N force in figure into two nonrectangular components, one
having a line of action along AB and the other parallel to AC.

Solution

Fx =1000cosӨ
= 1000*4/5= 800 N

Fy =1000 sinӨ
= 1000 *3/5= 600 N

Fx (parallel to AC) =800N

FAB=600cos β
= 600*12/13
=552N
Q3/ Determine the moment of the force F in figure with respect to the vertical
line ab?

Solution

The length of the diagonal CD is

= (4PP2+52+72)1/2 = 9.49m

For scale of F is 400/9.49=42.2N per m

The y component of F is parallel to (ab) and therefore has no moment with

respect to (ab). The other two components through C are

Fx=42.2*7=295N

Fz= 42.2*5 = 211N

Consequently the moments with respect to line (ab) are tabulated as

2.95*4=1180 0
211*6=1266 0
2446

From which Mab=2446N.m clockwise downward

Q4/Determine the resultant of the force system in figure and show it is located
with respect to point A.

Solution

The horizontal components

75*4/5=60

50*0.866=43.3N

100cos65=42.3N

40*1/ 2.23 =17.9

75 N
Rx=60+43.3-42.3-17.9 =43.1N

The vertical components

75*3/5= 45N

40*2/2.23=35.8

50*0.5= 25N

100sin65= 90.6N

Ry=115.6 -80.8=34.8

R2= (43.1)2 + (34.8) 2 =3068.68

R= 55.4N

The moment with respect to A

75*3/5*1= 45 N.m

50*cos30 *3=129.9 N.m

100*sin65*5=453N.m

40*1/5*1=17.9N.m

40*2/2.23*5=179N.m

ΣMa=45+129+453+17.9-179=467N.m

R*d= ΣMa

d=467/55.4=8.43m
Q5/ the two blocks are placed on the incline with the cable taut. (a) Determine
the force P required to initial motion of the 15-kg block if P is applied down the
incline.(b) If P is applied up the incline.

Solution

If P applied down the incline

Fc=80 cos20* 0.3= 22.5N

N=80cos20+150cos20= 230cos20

Fa=N*0.4
=230cos20*0.4=86.5N
∑Fx=0
P+150sin20=Fa+Fc
P+51=86.5+22.5
P=86.5+22.5-51=58N

‫ ام ﺗﺒﻘﻰ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬15 kg‫ هﻞ ﺗﺼﻌﺪ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ‬8 kg ‫ اﻟﻰ اﻻﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﻓﺤﺺ اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ‬p ‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺼﻌﻮد اﻟﻘﻮة‬
80sin20 = x ‫ ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺎﻩ‬8 kg ‫ﻣﺮآﺒﺔ اﻟﻮزن ﻟﻠﻜﺘﻠﺔ‬
80sin20=27.4N
Fc=22.5
‫ ﺗﺒﻘﻰ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻬﺎ‬8 kg ‫اذن اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ‬

If P applied up the incline

∑Fx=0
150sin20+Fc+Fa=p
P=51+22.5+86.5
P=160N
Q6/The rigid structural member is subjected to a couple
consisting of the two 100-N forces. Replace this couple by an
equivalent couple consisting of the two forces P and –P, each of
which has a magnitude of 400 N. Determine the proper angle θ.

Solution
The original couple is counterclockwise when the plane of the forces
is viewed from above, and its magnitude is
[M = F d]
M = 100(0.1) = 10 N.m
The forces P and –P produce a counterclockwise couple
M = 400(0.040)cosθ
Equating the two expression gives
10 = 400(0.040) cosθ
θ = cos (10/16) = 51.3˚
Q7/A car come to a complete stop from an initial speed of 80km/hr in a distance
of 30m. With the same constant acceleration, what would be the stopping
distance s from an initial speed of 110km/hr?

Solution

V=80*1000/3600=22m/sec
V2=Vo2+2as
0= (22)2 +2*a*30
a=-80m/sec

v=110*1000/3600=30m/sec
V2=Vo2+2as
0= (30)2 -2*8*s
= (30)2 – 165
- (30)2=-165
S=56.7m

Q8/the rectilinear motion of a particle is given by S=v2-9, where s is in m and v in

m/sec when t=0, s=0 and v=3m/sec. determine the s-t, v-t, a-t relations.

Solution

S=v2-9
ds/dt= 2vdv/dt
v=2va
a=1/2m/sec
v= vo +at
v=3+1/2t
s= vo t +1/2at2
s=3t+1/4 t2
Q9/ Using the method of composite area, determine location of the centroid of
the shaded area in figure.

Solution

1.

X=0.424r

y=0.424r

A=πr2/4

AX= π0.424r3/4

Ay= = π0.424r3/4

2.

X=0.424*r/2

y=r/2

A= -π(r/2)2/2

AX=- πr2/8*0.424r/2= -π*0.424 r3/16

Ay=- πr2/8 * r/2= -πr3/16

∑A=0.4 r2 , ∑ AX=0.25 r3 , ∑ Ay=0.13 r3

X= ∑ AX/ ∑A = 0.25 r3 / 0.4 r2 =0.62r

Y=∑ AY/∑A =0.13 r3/0.4 r2= 0.33r

Q10/ find the moment of inertia about X-
axis.

Solution

1.

Ixc= bh3 /12

=6(9)3 /12 = 364.5 m4
d=2.5
d2 =6.25 m2
A=bh= 6*9=54m2

A* d2 =6.25*54 =337.5 m4

2.

Ixc= 0.11r4
=0.11(3)4 = 8.9 m4
d=(4r/3π )+2=(4*3/3π )+2=3.2m
d2 =10.7 m2
A= π r2 /2= π 32 /2=14.1 m2

A* d2 =14.1*10.7 =150.8 m4

3.

Ixc= bh3 /36

=4(9)3 /36 = 81 m4
d=9-2-h/3=4
d2 =16 m2
A=bh/2= 4*9/2=18m2

A* d2 =16*18 =288 m4

∑ Ixc=364.5+8.9+81=454.4 m4
∑ A* d2=337.5+150.8+288=776.3 m4
Ix=∑ Ixc +∑ A* d2= 454.4+776.3= 1230.7 m4
Q11/ Calculate the magnitude of the moment about the base point O of the 600N
force in five different way

Solution
(I) The moment arm to the 600-N force is
d = 4 cos 40˚ + 2 sin 40˚ = 4.35 m
(1) By M = rd the moment is clockwise and his the magnitude
Mo = 600(4. 35) = 2610 N.m
(II) Replace the force by its rectangular components at A
F1= 600 cos 40˚ = 460 N, F2 = 600 sin 40˚= 386N
(2)By Varignon's theorem, the moment becomes
Mo = 460(4) + 386(2) = 2610N
(III) By the principle of transmissibility, move the 600-N force
along its line of action to point B, which eliminates the moment of
the component F2. The moment arm of F1 becomes
d1 = 4 + 2 tan 40˚ = 5.68 m
and the moment is
Mo = 460(5.68) = 2610 N.m
(3) (IV) Moving the force to point C eliminates the moment of the
component F1. The moment am of F2 becomes
d2 = 2 + 4 cos40˚ = 6.77 m
and the moment is
Mo = 386(6.77) + 2610 N.m
Q12/The link shown in Fig. a is pin-connected at A and rests against a smooth
support at B. Compute the horizontal and vertical components of reaction at pin
A.

Solution

Summing moments about A, we obtain a direction solution for NB

+∑MA=0

-90N.m-60N (1m) + NB(0.75m) =0

B

NB=200N
B

Using this result,

∑Fx =0 Ax -200sin30 N=0

Ax=100N

∑Fy =0 Ay -200cos30 N -60 N=0

Ay=233N