Motor-Grader Maintenance

Presentation

NDACE Convention
Jan.22-23, 2015

Corey Uhrich 701-740-2308

 Supervisors -
Doing it Wrong for a Long Time,
Doesn’t Make it Right!
 Importance of Training

We don’t know what we

don’t know!

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Mutual give Try small
& take adjustments

Test strips
Safety is our first and
most important
responsibility

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Knowledge You Will Aquire –
Classroom Session
Operation/maintenance costs

Road shape/shoulders

Cutting edges

Grading techniques

Percentage of slopes/check
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Knowledge You Will Aquire –
Classroom Session

When to reshape

Compaction

Good gravel

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Knowledge You Will Aquire –
Classroom Session
Materials & testing

Stock piles

Quantities and spreads

Why water is important

Soil composition

Attachments
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 Hands On
Check wear components and edges

Mark circle @ 12’

Pull center pin for changing edges and vertical grading

2 pass Straight blade with no windrows for bits

2 pass Blade down for float on road with good crown and
shoulders
2 pass feather to crown for road with high traffic pounding
down crown
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 Hands On

4 pass down and up to cut out washboards, mix gravel

5 pass to equalize lanes for uniform %

4 or more passes for spot repairs

4 or more to repair segregation or placing gravel ( windrow and

leave 1’’ each pass)

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 Hands On

Blade position for windrow inside tandems down to 2’ pass

Repair a super, high shoulder, or ditch

If your newer, we will focus on machine control

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Cost per hour for 2000
hours to do preventive Plus operating
maintenance: $4.37 or costs .
$8,740.00

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FUEL FILTER
PRIMMER
Use primmer to fill filters

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Proper Shape

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 When and when not to have a crown

The primary road

should retain its
crown

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WRONG

RIGHT
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1’’ in center changes 4% to 2.8% in 7’

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 1.6 million miles of unpaved roads in the US (53%)

1 vehicle Each mile with 100 cars per day

1 year = 100 tons of fines per year!
1 ton dust per mile

Segregation/float

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My 10 year old can smooth a road!

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2 pass – cut /cut

Daylight out to centerline

Heavy trucks on road

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4 pass – try it for
cutting out and
mixing gravel

Road better last at

least twice as long as
2 pass method

Never blade down

middle (unless?)

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Remove float?

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Use dozer for 2 pass up?

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 Keep the angle somewhere between 30 and 45 degrees
Operating without enough angle is a primary cause of spilling

Too little blade angle .25x.75x5280/27=36 cy per

Spillage at toe mile 26
Compare equipment with your road width design

Notch circle at 12’

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 If you have a windrow, you
No windrows with bits have cut through too much
crust!

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Use magnetic protractor

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Mixing action is part of routine maintenance
Traffic tends to loosen material from the road surface and
displace it to the shoulder area
as well as between the wheel tracks

We are part of the solution or part of the problem!

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 Tasks to Remember
Recover the material

Mix it again as it rolls along the face of the

Segregation/bony moldboard
Moisture below 4%
Improper mixing
Over grading Restore good surface shape

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Good set up to cut shoulder
without dragging across road
or changing edges or bits

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2% for future pave 4% for unpaved

2% is ¼’’ per foot 4% is ½’’ per foot

Gravel at or near 4%

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Perfect Material too Flat to Prevent Pot Holes

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Same Road Within 20 Minutes!

1.8%

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Use Right Meter Supervisor Truck

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Check Slope Meter

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Shoulders Make Maintenance Faster

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 High shoulders
“berms”
“curbs”
The engineering term is “secondary ditch”

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Recovering & Spreading
If there is little or no vegetation on
the shoulder, simply extend the
moldboard out into the shoulder
material and begin to pull it onto the
roadway

The material recovered is often

good gravel that needs to be
returned to the roadway surface

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5280x0.6x16/27x1.2=2,253cy
@ $10/cy= $22,253 per mile!

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Before

During

After
Wrong time of year
Use shoulder disc 1st

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 When to do Gravel Road Rehabilitation
•Spring is the best
time for this as
there is minimal
vegetative growth
and moisture is
present

•The use of a
roller for
compaction will
greatly improve
the finished
surface

•This will leave a

denser, stronger,
smoother surface
that will be easier 44
to maintain.
Differential compaction is why potholes return
Need ¼’’ loose for every inch compacted
(3’’ mat needs 3 ¾’’ loose)

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 What is Good Gravel?

No gravel surface will perform like pavement! $ controls quality!

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Reasons for testing

You get what I will sell you

you pay for! reject gravel

Do not
Single
accept
gradation
gradations
test $135
from piles

#4, #200

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Load Stockpiles Perpendicular to Conveyor

Good Too coarse

Too fine

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Equalizing

No Samples from windrow

Leave an inch with each pass

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 Equalize and lay down

Tag team

Note moisture content

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 PAY SCHEDULE (INDIVIDUAL SAMPLE)
% PASSING OUTSIDE SPECIFIED LIMITS

#4 #200 SIEVE
#10 ACCEPTANCE SCHEDULE
#40 SIEVES ( PRICE REDUCTION)

1% 0.1% 5%

2% 1.6-1.7% 10%

3% 2.2-2.5% 15%

>3% >2.5% CORRECTIVE ACTION

Based on individual sample test results. Price reductions for more than one failing
sieve size shall be cumulative. The compensation due to the Contractor for the
quantity of material represented by the failing test results shall be reduced by the sum
of the respective percentages; however, the reduction will not exceed 50 percent.52
These two roads
show remarkable
contrast in surface
condition due to the
quality of gravel

The bottom photo

shows a road
surface that has too
much stone and
sand in proportion
to the fine material

The gravel remains

loose and is hard to
maintain
Float 53
Calculating Quantities and Spreads

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3500x30x.333x140/2000= 2,447.5 tons/25=98 loads
3,500’/98= 35.7’ spread

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Why is H2O important?

lube

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Protect Your
Assets!

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5 point proctor

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Silt and clay is #200
Silt = dusty or slimy

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The use of a shouldering disk helps mulch up the sod and
vegetation before it is pulled onto the roadway either to be
removed or recycled on the road as reusable gravel

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Attachments

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Apply what we learn!

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Like flying first class!

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 Questions?
Contact Information:
Corey Uhrich
701-740-2308
CUhrich@clcmn.edu

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