4.3.8 Microbiologically Induced Corrosion (MIC) 43.8.1 Description of Damage ‘A form of corrosion caused by living organisms such as bacteria, algae or fungi. It is often associated with the presence of tubercles or slimy organic substances. 43.8.2 Affected Materials Most common materials of construction including carbon and low alloy steels, 300 Series SS and 400 Series SS, aluminum, copper and some nickel base alloys. 43.8.3 Critical Factors a) MIC is usually found in aqueous environments or services where water is always or sometimes present, especially where stagnant or low-flow conditions allow and/or promote the growth of microorganisms. b) Because there are several types, organisms can survive and grow under severe conditions including lack of oxygen, light or dark, high salinity, pH range of 0 to 12, and temperatures from 0°F to 235°F (17°C to 113°C). c) Systems may become “inoculated” by the introduction of organisms that multiply and spread unless controlled. d) Different organisms thrive on different nutrients including inorganic substances (e.g., sulfur, ammonia, H;8) and inorganic substances (e.g., hydrocarbons, organic acids). In addition, all organisms require a source of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous for growth €) _ Ineakage of process contaminants such as hydrocarbons or H2S may lead to a massive increase in biofouling and corrosion. 438.4 Affected Units or Equipment a) MIC is most often found in heat exchangers, bottom water of storage tanks, piping with stagnant or low flow, and piping in contact with some soils. b) MIC is also found in equipment where the hydrotest water has not been removed or equipment has been left outside and unprotected. c) Product storage tanks and water cooled heat exchangers in any unit where cooling water is not properly treated can be affected. 4) Fire water systems can be affected a) MIC corrosion is usually observed as localized oo ES ase shield the organisms. b) Damage is often characterized by cup-shaped pits within pits in carbon steel or subsurface cavities in stainless steel (Figure 4-89 through Figure 4-95). 43.8.6 Prevention / Mitigation a) Microbes require water to thrive. Systems that contain water (cooling water, storage tanks, etc.) should be treated with biocides such as chlorine, bromine, ozone, ultraviolet light or proprietary ‘compounds.