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FACTORS PREDICTING SUCCESSFUL CONTRACEPTIVE USE

AMONG VOCATIONAL FEMALE STUDENTS IN
THE UPPER SOUTH OF THAILAND
Ms. XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX

Abstract
The objectives of this retrospective casecontrol predictive
study research were to examine the correlation between
information about contraception, attitude toward
contraception, perceived negative consequent of pregnancy,
partner support regarding contraception, self efficacy toward
contraception and to identify predictive factors of
contraception. Vocational female students in the upper south of
Thailand were recruited using multistage random sampling.
Data was collected by using a self efficacy questionnaire, an
information about contraception questionnaire, an attitude
toward contraception questionnaire, a perception negative
consequent of pregnancy questionnaire, a self efficacy toward
contraception questionnaire, a self efficacy questionnaire, a
partner support regarding contraception and a contraception
questionnaire. Data was analyzed by using logistic regression.
The results revealed a issues which created workable
frameworks for contraceptive use in adolescents.

Table of Content

Introduction..................................................................................... 2
...........................
Research 2
 2

Questions...........................................................................................
.....................
Objectives.......................................................................................... 2
............................ ..........
Expected benefit from this 2
proposal........................................................................... ..........
Review 2
Literature......................................................................................
............................
Research 4
Method...............................................................................................
.... .............. ..
References........................................................................................ 5
........................ .......... .....

Keywords: Unwanted pregnancy, Adolescent, Reproductive

health

Introduction
Adolescents is generally the time period when the human
species begin to discover their sexuality and become sexually
active. However, this is also the period of time of insufficient
knowledge and experience. As a result, adolescents are
unaware of sexuality transmitted disease and contraceptive
methods, their sexuality with little or no protection, put them
under the risk of various infections and unwanted pregnancies
( Werawatakul and Patjanasoontorn, 1998) . The Government
statistic in 2011, the tendency for adolescents to participate in
sexual activities at an early age is increasing . Thailand has
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increased unwanted pregnancy rates and complication relate to

them, 37.4% especially vocational student pregnant highly
rates and 14.09 % pregnant adolescents in the upper south of
Thailand has over all of them (Anamai moph, 2011)
Research Questions:
1. How can information about contraception, attitude
toward contraception, perceived negative consequent
of pregnancy, partner support regarding contraception
and self efficacy toward contraception identify
predictive factors of contraception?
Objectives:
1.To study the factors predicting successful contraceptive
use among vocational female students in the upper south of
Thailand
2. To identify the factors that are associated with
contraceptive use in adolescents.
Expected benefit from this proposal:
1. Health promotion contraceptive behavioral skills in
sexual needs of adolescents.
2. Describe the services needed for dealing with sexual
problem.
3. Development of reproductive health service for
adolescents.
Review Literature:
Adolescent pregnancies carry high risks such as increased
maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Most of such
pregnancies end in therapeutic curettages which are not
performed by medical professionals but by inexperienced
people. These invasive procedures may result in abnormal
bleeding, uterine perforation, sepsis, and may threaten
adolescents’health (Thaithae and Thato, 2011). Long term
effects may include adhesions secondary to infections, which
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may end in chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Adolescents

pregnancies are important problem for any society
(Werawatakul and Patjanasoontorn, 1998). Findings revealed
when unwanted pregnancy occurred, 93.3% of the participants
choose to terminate pregnancy, with 73.4% pregnant
adolescents obtained their abortion through drug stores and
illegal abortion clinics (Anusonterakul et al.,2008).
I consider the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills
(IMB) Model, developed by Fisher and Fisher (J.D. Fisher & W.A.
Fisher, 1992; W.A. Fisher & J.D. Fisher, 1993) that may be
applied to various settings in designing, delivering, and
evaluating pregnancy prevention procedures aimed at
teenagers. In the present context, four fundamental
determinants of adolescent contraceptive practices are
proposed. First, information that is relevant to contraception,
easily accessible, and easily translated into personal preventive
behavior is most likely to have an impact on contraceptive
behavior (Byrne, 1983; W.A. Fisher & J.D. Fisher 1992, 1993;
Morrison, 1985.). Second, effective contraception is partially
determined by motivation to engage in the necessary acts-base
on the individual’s emotional response to sexuality, attitude and
norms about using specific contraceptives, and perceived
personal vulnerability to conception as a negative life event
(Byrne, 1983; W.A. Fisher & J.D. Fisher 1992, 1993; W.A. Fisher
et al., 1983; Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975; Gerrard, 1982; Kirscht &
Joseph, 1989). Third, behavioral skill are necessary for even a
well informed and highly motivated teenager to perform
effectively the necessary sequence of acts required for
pregnancy prevention (Byrne, 1983; J.D. Fisher 1992 & W.A.
Fisher, 1992; Kelly & St Lawrence, 1988; Schinke, 1984). Fourth,
situational factors such as the availability or nonavailability of
contraceptive education and services affect whether or not a
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teenager becomes informed, motivated, and contraceptively

skilled (Orton & Rosenblatt, 1981; Zabin, Hirsch, Smith, Streett,
& Hardy, 1986). These four propositions are consistent on the
prevention of adolescent pregnancy.

Conceptual framework

INFORMATIO
N
BEHAVI BEHAVIOR
ORALski
lls
MOTIVATION
SKILLS

Figure 1 : The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model

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Information about
contraception
Successful
Self efficacy toward contraceptive
contraception use

Motivation

- Attitude toward
contraception

- Perceived negative
consequent of
pregnancy

- Partner support
regarding
Figure 2 : The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model
ofcontraception
Contraception -Preventive Behavior

Meterial and Methods: A retrospective, 100 cases control

study was conducted with case from ANC unit at hospital from
random sampling in the upper south of Thailand , 260 cases
from vocational female students in the upper south of Thailand.
Cases of both groups have been asked to fill a self report
questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to
determine the adjust effect of all factors.
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contraception.International Congress Series (1266) : 81-89.
Bazargan, M., et al. 2010.Using the Information-Motivation
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AmongUnderseved Minority Youth.Journal of School
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Byrne, D.,Kelley, K., and Fisher, W.A. 1993. Unwanted teenage
pregnancies:Incidence, interpretation, intervention.
Applied Preventive Psychology(2) : 101-113.
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Thaithae, S.,Thato, R. 2011. Obstetric and Perinatal Outcomes

of Teenage Pregnancies in
Thailand.JPediatrAdolescGynecol(Article in press) : 1-5.