Chapter 17- Lines and Angles

Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Shapes:

Symmetrical shapes are those shapes which can be folded into two matching equal halves. Example:
Square,Rectangle etc.

Asymmetrical shapes are those that can not be folded into two equal halves. Example: Scalene Triangle etc.

Line of Symmetry
The imaginary line or axis along which you fold a figure to obtain the symmetrical halves is called the line
of symmetry. It basically divides an object into two mirror-image halves. The line of symmetry can be
vertical, horizontal or diagonal. There may be one or more lines of symmetry.

• 1 line: Figure is symmetrical only about one axis. It may be horizontal or vertical. The word
ATOYOTA has one axis of symmetry along the axis passing through Y.

• 2 lines: Figure is symmetrical only about two lines. The lines may vertical and horizontal lines as
viewed in the letters H and X.

• Infinite lines: Some figures have not one or two, but infinite lines passing through the center, and
the figure is still symmetrical. Example: a circle.

Lines

Point:

A small dot marked by a pencil is a point. A point has no length or width. It has no thickness. Point is a
mark of position. A point specifies the exact location. Point is denoted by a dot (.) and is named by an
alphabet.
Difference Between Line Segment, Ray and Line:
Line-segment Ray Line
It has two end points. Ray has one starting There are no end points in a
point and another near line.
the arrowhead.

The length of a line- It has a starting point but There are no end points. So,
segment is definite. no other end point. So, its length of a line cannot be
So, it can be length cannot be measured.
measured. measured.
The symbol of a line- The symbol of a ray The symbol of a line is ↔
segment is _____ is →

Horizontal line
A line that runs from left to right in a straight line is called a
horizontal line.

Vertical line
A line that runs from top to bottom in a straight line is a vertical
line.
Slant Line/ Oblique Line
Lines are slanting if they don't go straight across or straight up. They look
like a s lope and go both up and down, and across too.
Parallel lines

When two lines never meet each other, no matter how much you extend them,
then these two lines are said to be parallel to each other.
Lines AB and CD are parallel lines, and are always the same distance apart from
each other. Parallel lines are represented by the two large arrows on the lines,
and are represented as

Intersecting Lines

When two or more lines cross each other in a plane, they are called
intersecting lines. The intersecting lines share a common point,
which exists on all the intersecting lines, and is called the point of
intersection.
Here, lines P and Q intersect at point O, which is the point of
intersection.