‫ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬

Milestones in the
history of OFDM
Collected By: Eng. SINAN M. A. DHEYAB

2010

[ESM012345@GMAIL.COM]
 ‫ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬

Milestones in the
history of OFDM

C ollec ted B y: E ng . S I N A N M. A .
DH E Y A B
 OFDM HISTOR Y

Year Milestone

1957 Kineplex, multi-carrier HF modem (R.R. Mosier & R.G.

Clabaugh)
1964 Some earlier work was Holsinger’s 1964 MIT dissertation
andsomeofGallager’s earlyworkonwaterfilling.
1966 Chang shows that multi-carrier modulation can solve the
multipath problem without reducing data rate. This is
generally considered the firstofficialpublication on multi-
carriermodulation.
1967 Saltzberg studied a multi-carrier system employing
orthogonalQAM(O-QAM) ofthecarriers.
1970 U.S. patentonOFDM issued.
1971 WeinsteinandEbertshowthatmulti-carriermodulationcan
beaccomplishedusingaDFT. Weinstein& Ebertproposed
useofFFT andguardinterval.
1980 Hirosaki designed a subchannal-based equalizer for an
orthogonallymultiplexedQAM system.

Keasleretal.describedanOFDM modem fortelephone

networks.
CyclicPrefix(CP) usedin1980 – orthogonalityproblem
beingsolved.
1985 Cimini atBellLabs identifies manyofthekeyissues in
OFDM transmissionanddoes aproof-of-conceptdesign
.Cimini describeduseofOFDM formobilecommunications

TelebitTrailblazerModem introduced incorporatinga 512

carrierPacketEnsembleProtocol
1987 Alard& Lasalle: COFDM fordigitalbroadcasting
1988 TH-CSF LER, firstexperimentalDigitalTV linkinOFDM,
(September) Paris area
1989 OFDM internationalpatentapplicationPCT/FR 89/00546,
filed in the name of THOMSON-CSF, Fouche, de
Couasnon, Travert, Monnier and all
..http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/wo.jsp?WO=1990/04893
1990 October1990: TH-CSF LER, firstOFDM equipmentfield
test, 34 Mbit/s inan8 MHzchannel, experiments inParis
area
December 1990: TH-CSF LER, first OFDM test bed
comparisonwithVSB inPrincetonUSA.
1991 ANSI ADSL standard.
1992 September 1992: TH-CSF LER, second generation
equipmentfieldtest, 70 Mbit/s inan8 MHz channel, twin
polarisations. Wuppertal, Germany
October 1992: TH-CSF LER, second generation field test
andtestbedwithBBC, nearLondon, UK
1993 DSL adopts OFDM, alsocalleddiscretemulti-tone,
following
successful field trials/competitions at Bellcore versus
equalizer-based
systems.
TH-CSF showinMontreuxSW, 4 TV channelandone
HDTV channelinasingle8 MHzchannel
Morris: Experimental150Mbit/s OFDM wireless LAN
1994 US patent5282222, Methodandapparatus formultiple
access betweentransceivers inwireless communications
usingOFDM spreadspectrum.
ANSI HDSL standard.
1995 ETSI Digital Audio Broadcasting standard EUreka: first
OFDM basedstandard.
1996 .ETSI WLAN standard
ThefirstpaperonopticalOFDM intheopenliteraturewas
.reportedbyPanandGreen
1997 ETSI DVB-T standard.
1998 MagicWAND projectdemonstrates OFDM modems for
wireless LAN.
ANSI VDSL andETSI VDSL standards.
ETSI BRAN standard.
1999 TheIEEE 802.11 committeeonwireless LANs releases the
802.11astandardforOFDM operationin5GHzUNI band.
 IEEE 802.11awireless LAN standard(Wi-Fi)

ETSI BRAN Hiperlan/2 standards forwireless LAN.

2000 Proprietary fixed wireless access (V-OFDM, Flash-OFDM,
etc.)
2001 OFDM consideredfornew802.11 and802.16 standards.
Dixonetal. proposedtheuseofOFDM tocombatmodal
dispersioninmultimodefiber(MMF).
2002 TheIEEE 802.16 committeereleases anOFDM-based
standardforwireless broadbandaccess formetropolitanarea
networks underrevision
802.16a.
IEEE 802.11gstandardforwireless LAN.

2003 The IEEE 802.11 committee releases the 802.11gstandard

foroperationinthe2.4GHzband.
Themulti-bandOFDM standardforultra-widebandis
developed, showingOFDM’s usefulness inlow-SNR
systems.
OFDM consideredforUWB (802.15.3a).
2004 IEEE 802.16-2004 standardforwireless MAN (WiMAX)

ETSI DVB-H standard

Candidate for IEEE 802.15.3a standard for wireless PAN
(MB-OFDM)
Candidate forIEEE 802.11n standardfornextgeneration
wireless LAN
2005 OFDMA is candidateforthe3GPP LongTerm Evolution
(LTE) airinterface E-UTRA downlink.Candidate for3.75G
mobile cellular standards(3GPP &3GPP2 Long Term
Evolution) named High Speed OFDM packet Access
(HSOPA)
Candidate for 4G standard in China, Japan and South
Korea(CJK).
2007 The first complete LTE air interface implementation was
demonstrated, including OFDM-MIMO, SC-FDMA and
multi-userMIMO uplink.
Todate, 100 Gb/s CO-OFDM transmissionover1000 km standard
single-modefiber(SSMF) withhighspectralefficiencyof2
bit/s/Hzhas beendemonstratedbyvarious groups.
Future As the industry is embracing the imminent commercial
rolloutof100 Gb/s Ethernet(100 GbE), thefeasibilityof1
Tb/s Ethernetis the nextlogicalstep.Also,multimode fiber
in conjunction with multiple-inputmultiple-outputOFDM
(MIMO-OFDM) is proposedas atechnologytoachieve100
Tb/s perfiberthattakes advantageofmodemultiplexingin
theopticalfiber.
REFERENCES
1) www.wikipedia.com.
2) OFDM and MC-CDMA A Primer, L. Hanzo & T. Keller.
3) Multiuser MIMO-OFDM for Next-Generation Wireless Systems, Vol. 95,
No. 7, July 2007 | Proceedings of the IEEE, Jiang and Hanzo.
4) Synchronization and Channel Estimation in OFDM: Algorithms for
Efficient Implementation of WLAN Systems Systems,, Alfonso Lu
Luíí s Troya
Chinchilla.
5) Multicarrier Communications,Lecture 1 :Introduction & ofdm basics ,
Jian(Andrew) Zhang..