Twitter Affecting Social Skills of STEM Students in STI College Santa Rosa

TWITTER AFFECTING SOCIAL SKILLS AMONG STEM STUDENTS IN
STI COLLEGE SANTA ROSA
Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
This chapter included the introduction, background of the study, theoretical
framework, conceptual framework, hypothesis, and the statement of the problem,
significance of the study, scope and delimitation and definition of terms.
Introduction
Everyone wants to be wanted and needed, feelings of belonging were crucial for a
person’s self-esteem. Children who were socially competent instinctively understand how
relationships work. They can process social data and have a collection of behavioral tools
at their disposal to help them in the social arena. These children have good relationships
with their peers and the adults in their lives, and they were generally happier, resilient
and emotionally healthy. These are essentially the skills that are needed for successful
social communication and interaction across a variety of settings and involve the ability
to interact with other individuals in congenial and harmonious manner. Social skills as
defined by Cillessen and Bellmore (2011), involved being prosocial and cooperative and
being interpersonally successful.
Social skills are the skills we use to communicate and interact with each other,
both verbally and non-verbally, through gestures, body language and our personal
appearance. Human beings are sociable creatures and we have developed many ways to
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING & MATHEMATICS STRAND 1

communicate our messages, thoughts and feelings with others. One of the most popular
things is how social media and technology in general are affecting people and their social
skills. People are more often communicating with others through a screen and the written
word than chatting face to face with others. This study will assess on how is the use
social media applications such as Twitter affects a student’s way of interacting with
others.
Information Age was the idea that access to and the control of information is
defining characteristic of this current era in human civilization. Also called, Computer
Age, Digital Age, and the New Media Age, is coupled tightly with the advent of personal
computers but many computer historians trace its beginnings to the work of the American
mathematician Claude Shannon. He was known as the “Father of Information Theory”,
Shannon showed how all information media, from telephone signals to radio waves to
television, could be transmitted without error using this single framework electronic mail
(e-mail), which permitted near-instant exchange of information, was widely adopted as
the primary platform for workplace and personal communications (Rouse, 2014).
We live in a time and age where information is just a button press away. They
were swayed by information all around them. Millennials wanted to know, read,
understand and then speak their minds about it, and that was where social media comes
into play. Social media was one of the biggest elements that we live with and cannot
ignore it. Social media were collection of websites, applications and other platforms that
enabled us to share or create content and also helps us to participate in social networking.
It is not limited to blogging and sharing pictures, but there were lot of strong tools also

that social media provides. Hence, the impact of social media was compelling and far
reaching.
One of the most used applications in social media is Twitter. Twitter was a free
microblogging service that allowed registered members to broadcast short posts called
tweets. Twitter members can broadcast tweets and followed other users by using multiple
platforms and devices. The default settings for Twitter were public. Unlike Facebook or
LinkedIn, where members needed to approve social connections, anyone can follow
anyone on Twitter. To weave tweets into a conversation thread or connect them to a
general topic, members can add hashtags to a keyword in their post. The hashtag which
acts like a meta-tag, is expressed as #keyword.
The short format of the tweet was a defining characteristic of the service, allowing
informal collaboration and quick information sharing that provided relief from rising
email. Twittering is also a less gated method of communication in which you can shared
information with people that you would not normally exchange email or message with,
opening up your circle of contacts to an ever-growing community of like-minded people.
Twitter became a common social media application for many people in the Philippines in
connecting to other people to entertain, and to know current trends around the world.
The Philippines had been recognized as one of the world’s social media capitals,
ranking 10th in the list of countries with the most number of twitter users. Data from
social media monitor Semiocast showed that 9.5 million out of Twitter’s 517 million
users were from the Philippines, trailing Spain but ahead of Turkey. Twitter was a social
networking and microblogging service that allows you answer the question, “What are

you doing?” by sending short text messages 140 characters in length, called “tweets”, to
your friends, or “followers.” Twitter was created in March 2006 by Jack Dorsey, Noah
Glass, Biz Stone, and Evan Williams and launched in July of that year. The service
rapidly gained worldwide popularity. In 2012, more than 100 million users posted 340
million tweets a day, and the service handled an average of 1.6 billion search queries per
day.
Background of the Study
Being involved in social media is one of the most active web based activities in
the Philippines. Because of this, Filipinos were declared to be the most active users on a
number of web based social networking sites. The used of it had become so extensive that
the country was called “The Social Networking Capital of the World”. The total
population in the Philippines had reached over 100 million and 46% of the population
were active Internet users. Facebook ranked first in the most active social media platform
with a percentage of 26%. On the other hand, Twitter secured the third spot with 13%.
The researchers chose this social media platform because this medium was widely
used by many individuals. Unlike in Facebook, Twitter gave an opportunity to users to
express their emotions without any guilt. It is also accessible to any technological
medium. Specifically, the researcher will attempt to test Twitter’s influence to users.

Theoretical Framework
This part of the study discussed the choices regarding the theoretical framework
used to address the research questions in relation on how one of social media platforms
such as Twitter affected the social skills of the students.
Social Skills and Theory of Fields (Neil Fligstein, 2001)
In classical sociological theory, social reproduction and social change were
typically explained by social structure. This view had the effect of making people into
agents of structure who had little independent effect on the constitution of their social
world. In the last 20 years, there has been renewed theoretical attempt to establish an
independent role for social actors in social change and reproduction. This debate has been
framed around the issues of connecting structure to actors, or as it was sometimes put, the
problem of agents and structures (Giddens, 1984; 1990; Sewell, 1994; Alexander and
Smelser, 1988). The debate has sensitized scholars to the important role that real people
play in the reproduction of social life. But, after generating a number of books and
papers, many of which were pitched at a pretty abstract level. There appears to be little
general consensus over how to think about these issues and certainly no positive program
for social research.
This idea can be used to understand how to identify the distinct contribution of
actors, whether they are defending an existing set of social arrangements or if they were
imposing or negotiating a new order. The purpose of introducing the idea of social skill is

to provide a sociological, as opposed to a methodological individualist, micro-foundation
for using new institutional theories. Social life revolves around getting collective action
and this requires that participants in that action are induced to cooperate. Sometimes
coercion and sanctions are used to constrain others. But often, skilled strategic actors
provide identities and cultural frames to motivate others.
Social Media Health Interaction Theory: A New Theory for Social Media (Ramos,
2017)
This theory was created by Dennis Glen G. Ramos RN, MSN, PhD Student. As
the Internet expanded into our homes, there was a growing expectation of free and open
access to information (Bosslet et al, 2011). Since information was easily accessible on so
many sites, there developed an expectation that all information should be free and
reliable. Social media were broadly defined as the use of platforms of electronic
communication through which users create online communities (Chou & Hunt, 2009).
Social media use was common: 74% of Internet users spend time on social networking
sites, with 71% of online adults using Facebook and 23% using Twitter. Women
currently outpace men in social media use, with a recent survey finding 74% of women
were users of social media compared with 62% of men (Social Networking Fact Sheet,
Pew Research Center, 2015).
Social media Transaction: This was defined as the utilization of social media in
response to personal health agendas set by clients, guided by the following norm

principles. Norms are human behaviors that are shaped by shared rules. For instance, the
concept of reciprocity is applied where there is a commitment to return a favor done by
others, and the concept of commitment is applied since there are expectations that users
will respond to standards and Social Exchange: individuals interact in a way that
interaction translated behaviors as either health seeking or health motivation.
Personal/Social Integration: This was the process where the agenda or information had
been accepted and filtered into an individual’s behavior. This usually occurs following a
three- staged progression: Mind Setting wherein an individual perceived that the agenda
or information was the most important thing to focus on, Scaffolding wherein an
individual shares how they are attached to the importance of the information and frames
the contextualization of the agenda and Amplification where the contextualized agenda
was expressed into action and transforms an individual in some way. Action/Reaction;
perceived thoughts are articulated and influence others, which changes an individual’s
perceptions and actions.
The Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura, 1960s)
Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) started as the Social Learning Theory (SLT) in the
1960s by Albert Bandura. It developed into the SCT in 1986 and posits that learning
occurs in a social context with a dynamic and reciprocal interaction of the person,
environment, and behavior. The unique feature of SCT is the emphasis on social
influence and its emphasis on external and internal social reinforcement. SCT considers
the unique way in which individuals acquire and maintain behavior, while also

considering the social environment in which individuals perform the behavior. The theory
takes into account a person's past experiences, which factor into whether behavioral
action will occur. These past experiences influences reinforcements, expectations, and
expectancies, all of which shape whether a person will engage in a specific behavior and
the reasons why a person engages in that behavior.
Many theories of behavior used in health promotion do not consider maintenance
of behavior, but rather focus on initiating behavior. This is unfortunate as maintenance of
behavior, and not just initiation of behavior, is the true goal in public health. The goal of
SCT is to explain how people regulate their behavior through control and reinforcement
to achieve goal-directed behavior that can be maintained over time. The first five
constructs were developed as part of the SLT; the construct of self-efficacy was added
when the theory evolved into SCT.
Social networking sites (SNS) offer a relatively novel arena in which to display
and investigate social behavior in 2014. The study investigated consistency between
social behaviors typical of traditional (offline) social interactions and those online by
examining conformity to gender stereotypes in an online social networking environment.
Findings from gender role conformity research based on traditional approaches provided
a framework for analyzing online social interactions. Three predictions were derived:
First, females will display higher expression in status updates than males; then, there will
be a relationship between status update frequency and the amount of friends in an
individual’s network; lastly, there will be an effect of gender on concentration of
emotional expression within status updates. All three predictions were at least partially

supported with significant differences apparent between males’ and females’ online
behavior. The findings are discussed with respect to theories on gender differences.

Conceptual Framework
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1.) Demographic profile of Determined the effect of
respondents: Online and Library
Twitter on the social skills
1.1 Gender Researches
among STEM students of
1.2 Frequency of use
Pre – survey for
STI College Santa Rosa.
respondents
2.) Social impact of Twitter
in affecting to a Construction of Survey
student’s way of Questionnaire
interacting with others
in terms of: Permission Approval for the
conduct of research
2.1 Empathy
2.2 Interpersonal skills Validation of Survey
2.3 Problem solving Questionnaire
skills
2.4Communication Distribution of Survey
skills Questionnaire
2.5 Accountability
FEEDBACK
Figure 1.1 The Conceptual Framework of the study

The figure showed the graphical representation of all the factors that make up a
process. An input-process-output diagram included all of the materials and information
required for the process, details of the process itself, and descriptions of all products and
by-products resulting from the process.

Statement of the Problem
This study aimed to know on how a social media application such as Twitter
develops the social skills of STEM students in STI College Santa Rosa.
Specifically, the researchers sought to answer the following question:
1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:
1.1 frequency of use; and
1.2 gender?
2. What is the level of assessment of the social skills associated to the use of
Twitter in terms of?
2.1 Empathy;
2.2 Interpersonal skills;
2.3 Problem solving skills;
2.4 Communication skills; and
2.5 Accountability?
3. Is there a significant difference between the levels of assessment of using
Twitter in developing social skills of STEM students when grouped according
to Gender?
4. Is there a significant relationship between the social skills of STEM students
in STI College Santa Rosa and their frequency of use?

Hypotheses
H1 There is no significant difference between the levels of assessment of using
Twitter in developing social skills of STEM students when grouped according to Gender.
H2 There is no significant relationship between the social skills of STEM Students
in STI College Santa Rosa and their frequency of use of twitter
Significance of the Study
This study was directed to assess how social media application such as Twitter
affects the social skills of STEM students. Thus, this study will be beneficial to the
following:
Students. The direct recipients of the output of this research are the students
specifically in the senior level. It will give students realization of the impact inappropriate
use of social media platform as Twitter to some of their interactions that may lead to a
either good or bad effects in different aspects depending on their own use. As such, this
study will also present some of the ideal actions that they may take to significantly use
Twitter as a medium in socializing and in effect, they will be able to maximize their
social skills even in virtual aspect.
Parents. The study is significant to parents in the sense that they will know the
possible effects of these social media especially Twitter-usage has on their children, so as

to serve as custodian to their teenagers on the usage of the social networking site.
Likewise, this study will present significant findings as to how, as parents, they would
guide their children to proper use that would not affect their children’s studies.
Future researchers. This study will help the future researchers to be aware and
knowledgeable of the effects of social media application to the social skills. This study
may also serve as a reference for future researchers to come up with the same study in
relation with other aspects concerned.
Scope and Limitation
This study focused on how a social media such as Twitter affected the different
social skills of the students. The research measured how frequency of use of social
networking sites like Twitter and their genders affects their social health. It will also
attempt to determine students’ knowledge on the side effects of using Twitter. However,
this study has a specific boundary such as the target respondents of the researchers. The
scope of the study is only limited to the senior high school level students specifically
Grade 12 Science and Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) in STI College
Santa Rosa. Thus, the study will also be limited to the responses that will be gathered
from the respondents.

Definition of Terms
The following terms were defined in accordance to the intended purpose of the
study in order to help reader’s gain better understanding of the paper. Also, the following
terms were operationally and conceptually defined:
Empathy. The ability to understand and share the feelings of another.
Interpersonal skills. Are the skills used by a person to interact with others
properly. Includes everything from communication and listening skills to attitude and
deportment
Microblogging. The activity or practice of making short, frequent posts to a
microblog.
Problem solving skills. Is skill that allows us to identify a problem, develop a
possible solution path, and take the appropriate course of action
Social media. Websites and applications that enable users to create and share
content or to participate in social network conduct.
Swayed. Influence or control
Trailing. To follow along behind
Twitter. Is an American online social networking service on which users post and
interact with messages known as "tweets".
Undertaken. Will be done or conducted.

Chapter 2
REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
This chapter shows the relevant background or the information gathered from
local and foreign literature and studies. The references and reviews listed are used in
order to widen and broaden the researcher's view in order to provide acceptable regarding
the study.
Review of Related Literature
The Social media enable informal interactions among people. Junco, Heiberger,
and Loken (2011), explained social media as Web Services that enable collaboration,
participation, and information sharing. Services such as blogs, microblogs, social
networks, wikis, and video sharing sites now make regular appearances in learning
environments. Weisgerber (2009), argued that students need to be prepared for a
changing media landscape and suggested extensive use of wikis and blogging to improve
students’ proficiency with these Technology tools. Moody (2010) suggested that social
media technologies could help instructors communicate with students and vice versa,
fostering a rich discussion and encouraging students to think critically.
Moreover, social media is a great way to help you reconnect and reunite with your
loved ones. Some families go their separate ways and live on different countries but still
able to remain a family using the power of social networking sites. For others, they’ve
reunited with their long lost sibling or parent due to a tragedy long ago or lovers who

have gone separate ways but found each other again online and continued their love
story. Furthermore, there will be times in your career that you feel you need an upgrade
or seek out a mentor for your professional growth. Social media also offers networking
with organizations of like-minded people where you can satisfy your hunger for
professional growth.
On the other hand, social networking sites have provided businesses a new way to
market products and services, it is better to look for potential customers, and connect with
other businesses with the same interests. It even helps newbie entrepreneurs find their
niche and help old ones reinvent theirs. In addition to, natural disasters happen all over
the world and tragedy is inevitable, but people found a new way to reach out to others
and raise more awareness and charity; the clear water projects in Kenya, the donations
made for the campaign for Haiti and Japan where millions were moved, those who rushed
to donate blood after the Boston Marathon bombing, and to all who helped and assisted
the central Philippines after Typhoon Haiyan tore the land. A lot more people became
aware and found new ways to help others in need via social media. However, once the
user make a comment or post a picture of you on the internet, it stays there long enough
for other people to criticize you, make fun of you or make copies of your most
embarrassing posts and scatter it to other social networking sites. On the other hand,
some people can’t help constantly checking their Twitter feeds or uploading selfies on
Instagram. These are dangerous ways to waste time that should have been made for
studying or working.

Twitter is a 'microblogging' system that allows you to send and receive short posts
called tweets (Gil, 2018).Tweets can be up to 140 characters long and can include links to
relevant websites and resources. In its relative novelty, Twitter's big appeal is how scan-
friendly it is. The person can track hundreds of interesting Twitter users and read their
content with a glance. This is ideal for our modern attention-deficit world. People send
tweets for all sorts of reasons: vanity, attention, shameless self-promotion of their web
pages, or simple boredom. Additionally, it is a chance to shout out to the world and revel
in how many people read their tweets. a growing number of Twitter users send out useful
content, and that's the real value of Twitter. It provides a stream of quick updates from
friends, family, scholars, news journalists, and experts. It empowers people to become
amateur journalists of life, describing and sharing something that they found interesting
about their day.
Tweeting, described by Ebner et al. (2010) as micro-blogging, was investigated
for its ability to support informal learning, defined as the process that students
engage in any given course. Twitter was found to have great potential for informal
learning based on the evidence of high level of ‘small talk’ between students. It was
stated that ‘informal learning will only occur if there is an opportunity to talk with Each
other without any constraints’ and that ‘the opportunity to be a part of someone else’s
process by reading, commenting, discussing or simply enhancing it’ indicates
engagement in the learning process in classes to encourage students to follow current
events on Twitter so they could engage in critical discussion. Students expressed a greater

sense of engagement in class when they used Twitter, and Twitter had a positive effect on
student engagement (Junco, Heiberger, & Loken, 2011).
Twitter has particular potential to establish and maintain social presence because
it can mediate a type of discussion and interactive dialogue, similar to educational
management services like blackboard, but the discussions tend to be more Informal.
Tweeting, described by Ebner et al. (2010) as micro-blogging, was investigated for its
ability to support informal learning, defined as the process that students engage in
any given course. Twitter was found to have great potential for informal learning based
on the evidence of high level of ‘small talk’ between students, as Ebner, stated that
‘informal learning will only occur if there is an opportunity to talk with Each other
without any constraints’ and that ‘the opportunity to be a part of someone else’s Process
by reading, commenting, discussing or simply enhancing it’ indicates engagement in the
learning process.
In the article of Alampay (2014) entitled, “Parenting in the Philippines,” as the
parents set more ground rules to their teenagers, the more they feel that they don’t have
independence to decide for their own. This suggest that as they face their journey to
young adulthood, the cognitive function and disposition of Filipino adolescence continue
to progress as they practice to think about their choices and decides for what they wanted,
since their sense of autonomy starts to arise (Darling et.al., (2005); cited in Alampay,
2014). It was said that the mothers, as the Filipino family’s concept “ilaw ng tahanan,”
they were expected to be the one that every young people must follow in terms of setting

rules and moral lessons, since it is their role to raise their children as a good model of the
society.
In addition to, the role of parents in socialization of the youth today seems to be
more accountable, due to the rapid existence of risky activities in which the millennial
youth today are the victims most of the time. In this generation, we can say that the
adolescents tend to be more impulsive in their behavior and making decisions for
themselves. In the book “The Filipino Family,” socialization is a process wherein an
individual exercise the norms, moral values and attitudes in the society where that person
belongs (Medina, 2015). Being with your family is one of the most likeable environment
that everyone could have, as the harmonious relationship you planted from one another
will lead to growth and development of themselves: thus, this type of family will be a
role model of society (Boyden, 1993; cited in Medina, 2015).
In terms of Gender, it was discussed in the article entitled, “Information Is
Beautiful” (2012), that 62% of Twitter users are women. Additionally, In “HubSpot,”
(2010), revealed that women have tweeted an average of 1,542 times compared 698
tweets of men. Carnegie Mellon et al. (n.d.), also found out that the abbreviation,
expressive punctuations are decidedly more feminine in terms of tweeting. Therefore,
women are more active users of Twitter than men. In addition, “Gender Divide: How
Men and Women Use Twitter Differently” (Complex, 2013) described that the women
are better at expressing themselves emotionally than men.
On the other hand, according to Edwards (2015), as communication and
information travel faster and faster, the world seems to get smaller and smaller. As a

result, this changes how the world communicates, especially with today’s obsession with
social media networks. The internet and social media has drastically changed the way
people all over the world interacts and communicate. Because of social media networks,
we are now able to interact with thousands of people all over the world this is why we see
people who have thousands of Facebook friends or tens of thousands of Twitter
followers.
According to Dr. Subramanian (2012), one of the biggest positive changes in the
way that we interact, due to social media networks, is the sheer number of people that we
can interact with. Because of social media networks, we are now able to interact with
thousands of people all over the world – this is why we see people who have thousands of
Facebook friends or tens of thousands of Twitter followers. Without social media, that
would be impossible. Social media networks allow us the opportunity to share opinions
with a far wider audience. Another big change that has occurred is that there is now no
filter on the way we speak. In the past, unless you spoke to people directly, you had no
way to get your message across regardless of your freedom of speech. Now we can use
social media to get our messages out to thousands or even millions of people uncensored.
In addition, social media has also changed the way that we interact, mainly the
way we have lost some of our social skills. Some people are completely incapable of
carrying on a normal conversation or interacting with people in person because of the
dependency of social media. Social networks are becoming one of the dominant ways we
communicate. People are more obsessed with checking their smart phone every 2 minutes
than engaging in meaningful conversation with their child or spouse. Social media and

technology are double-edged swords. It’s awesome to have and can really help us, but it
also distracts us to the point of being blind and deaf to everything else going on. r. K .R.
Subramanian Senior Consultant& Professor of Management, (2017).
Social media has also changed the way that we interact. People are more obsessed
with checking their smartphone every two minutes than engaging in meaningful
conversation with their child or spouse. Social media and technology are double edged
swords. It’s awesome to have and can really help us, but it also distracts us to the point of
being blind and deaf to everything else going on. Whereas, the succeeding paragraphs
presents the social skills that may be affected by the rampant use of Twitter as a social
media platform. Specifically, each of the factors will be presenting literature pertaining to
how these aspects are affected and may be associated to significant change in one’s
character.
Empathy
Empathy according to oxford dictionaries (2019) is the ability to understand and
share the feelings of another. Twitter have change interpersonal relationships.
Adolescents are the sector of the population who use most these networks. They use them
in an emotional way, to express their emotions and to comment on those of others.
Empathy, narcissism, and self-esteem may play an important role in the use of these
networks. Using a sample of 503 Spanish adolescents, this work studies the relationship
between the Basic Empathy Scale, the Narcissistic Personality Inventory, the Rosenberg
Self-Esteem Scale, and emotional and empathic use of Facebook and Twitter. The results
showed that those who use Twitter have higher scores in empathy. It has been observed

that certain ways of using this social network are associated with narcissism (Errasti,
2017)
In recent years, there has been a burgeoning interest in research on the influence
of social media use on adolescents’ psychosocial development. These studies generally
show that social media use can have a positive influence on different aspects of
psychosocial development, such as self-esteem, friendship closeness, and social
competence (e.g., Apaolaza, Hartmann, & Medina, 2013; Koutamanis, Vossen, Peter, &
Valkenburg, 2013; Valkenburg & Peter, 2011). Whereas some studies have reported
negative effects of social media on some aspects of psychosocial development (e.g., on
self-esteem or mood), these studies have typically focused on problematic or excessive
internet or social media use.
Empathy enables us to relate to other people. Especially in adolescence, where
forming close and meaningful relations with peers is one of the main developmental
goals, empathy is an imperative ability to learn. There have been concerns that young
people are becoming less empathic (e.g., Konrath, 2012; Twenge, 2014). These concerns
have received initial support in a cross-temporal meta-analysis showing a decline in
empathy scores among American college students over a timeframe of 10 years (Konrath,
O’Brien, & Hsing, 2011)
Interpersonal Skills
Interpersonal skills are the skills we use every day when we communicate and
interact with other people, both individually and in groups. (Skillsyouneed.com, 2011),

People with strong interpersonal skills are often more successful in both their
professional and personal lives. Among others, use of mobile based Social Networking
Services has become a major communication method even with mobile phones.
Especially, the Twitter well matches with the smartphone characteristics of instant
Internet access with limited bandwidth, thus being the center of mobile based SNS usage
especially by the young generation in East Asian metropolises.
However, in the both virtual and internal conflict over the effects social media
usage has on their interpersonal relationships, social media users still speak fondly on the
benefits of consuming social media platforms regularly. Half of these surveyed teens
from the study say social networks have helped their friendships, while only four percent
say social networks have harmed their friendships, while three out of ten teens say social
networks make them feel more outgoing, compared to the five percent who say they feel
more introverted (Kang, 2012). And still an even bigger question arises. Half of these
respondents still say real-life communication is the most fun and fruitful for their
relationships. Researchers have discovered trends in the way that we perform every major
action on Twitter—favoriting, updating, sharing, and following. And there’s even an
interesting bit of psychology behind what makes Twitter so attractive in the first place.
Here’s a look at the psychology of Twitter: what makes us follow, favorite, share and
keep coming back for more (Lee, 2009). Twitter provides a platform for professionals
from different fields to communicate with one another, and can allow particularly shy
students to engage with the class. Lee, Smith, and Hillman noted that Twitter is an
educational resource which is multi-disciplinary and able to break down boundaries

between professional groups. Moreover, they noted that it has the potential to be useful in
conferences, and can foster debate and discourse on topical themes. Similarly, Menkhoff,
Chay, Bengtsson, Woodard, and Gan found that Twitter promotes active participation,
and allows more reserved students to participate in class discussions; it stimulates
learning, and helps students who may be introverted.
The use of Twitter may allow students to read more widely, and focus on topics
that are likely to interest them. Additionally, the use of Twitter may improve the
perception of the teacher, with lecturers that use Twitter being more likely to be viewed
positively by their students. Skrypnyk, Srećko, Kovanović, Gaševic and Dawson noted
that learners may be focused on a set of topics that are of interest to them rather than
those recommended by course facilitators, and the use of Twitter would allow these
topics to emerge in the course. Lasker and Vicneswararajah found that student-tutor
relationships have benefitted via the use of Twitter, and that students were likely to
perceive tutors as more approachable both in person and online. They also noted that
teachers can discuss questions outside lecture time and integrate discussion in after-class
sessions (Ahmed, 2016).
Problem Solving Skills
Problem solving skills refers to our ability to solve problems in an effective and
timely manner without any impediments (Cleverism, 2019). It involves being able to
identify and define the problem, generating alternative solutions, evaluating and selecting
the best alternative, and implementing the selected solution. Students of problem solving
often make a distinction between algorithms and heuristics. This distinction, first

elaborated by Po1ya (1952) is based on the observation that some techniques. If followed
carefully, it guarantees a solution to a problem. While others, although frequently leading
to a correct solution do not always do so.
Similarly, problem solving talks about innovating solutions to a certain crisis.
Similarly, in social media having this skill can help the user to properly think of an action
to a certain problem virtually. (Vozza, 2015). The emerging of internet technology plays
a big role by providing opportunities to increase the utilization of technological tools in
education. One of it is learning activity via online platform. With the advent of internet,
classroom activities which is previously restricted formally within school walls now can
be done online freely through multiple online platforms. The difference is only in terms
of online learning affordance regarding space and time. Online learning become more
flexible as it can occur at any time with or without teacher appearance in a more subtle
informal manner. This method is increasingly popular and has widespread particularly
among students in higher education institutions. Collaboration among peers will
encourage students to share ideas, voice out their opinions and to justify reasons
(Shahizah & Zaidatun, 2014). Thus, the application of online discussion activities helps
to improve problem solving skills as well as critical thinking in informal learning
environment. The same process will occur whether it is done face to face or via online so
consideration should be given to explore the opportunity and possibility of the internet to
promote learning at any time in any day. However, it still requires planning to avoid
deviation from the original purpose. Student centered online learning concept was known
to shape the student to become responsible learner, aid in fostering communication skill

and proactive attitude, groom students to become independent thinker as well as helps to
educate the students regarding ethics and integrity in the process of learning (Rafiza,
2013).
Communication Skills
Communication is the act of conveying meanings from one entity or group to
another through the use of mutually understood signs, symbols, and semiotic rules
(Quireshi, 2015).Social media websites allow users to keep in touch with family and
friends in a fairly, easy and convenient way (Quan-Haase et al., 2010). Although students
did communicate with friends and family by posting information, they spent much of the
time viewing information without interacting in any way. These lurking activities of
reading other individuals profiles or news feeds or looking at photographs were
performed frequently by a majority of respondents (Pempek et al., 2009). This activity,
while providing entertainment and social updates, constitutes only one-sided
communication. Social media fulfils different communication needs for different users.
Interactions via the computer facilitate communication by allowing users to keep in touch
with family and friends in a convenient way, to learn about social events, and to find out
about activities of other users. The gratification received from this social information
helped users feel that they were a part of a peer network of knowing what was going on
about events and activities (Quan-Haase et Al., 2010).
Immediate communication benefits of Twitter users were seen f or individuals
reporting various levels of shyness. Shyness might cause individuals to avoid social, face-
to-face Interaction altogether, so these persons would have less communication and less

social support. In a study looking at the association between online social media and
friendship quality of shy Individuals, results indicated that online social networks
provided a comfortable environment in which shy individuals could interact with others
(Baker & Oswald, 2010). Data has shown that individuals who used Twitter for
communication had better Quality friendships. Using social media sites helped improve
the quality of relationships between Users. Some reasons for improving quality of
relationships through using Twitter included: it was easier to get to know others better
without having face-to-face conversation, users felt more comfortable, and users spent
more time communicating over the computer so they gained more Social support (Baker
& Oswald, 2010).
Bly (2003), states that the advent of computer and internet technology may have
invited people to forgo handwritten letters, but definitely not letter writing itself. The
existence of the computer and internet in fact has revolutionized letter writing,
particularly its speed in creation, transmission, and feedback. And, with the development
of electronic mailing system (e-mail), people probably write more than they actually used
to. The internet may have decreased the interest of people to perform the task of hand
writing but it has also increased people’s preference for written communication.
Communication competence has no influence on relationship maintenance motivation.
Network expansion motivation positively predicts the number of tweets and retweets.
Surveillance motivation is positively associated with Twitter network size.
An online survey (N = 461) investigated how individuals’ interpersonal need and
ability affect their motivations of Twitter use and how different motivations predict

specific usage behavior. Based on the two competing views concerning the antecedents
and consequences of online communication (social enhancement vs. social
compensation), the joint effect of affiliative tendency and communication competence
was hypothesized. For those high on affiliative tendency, communication competence
positively predicted Twitter use for network expansion and negatively predicted more
self-focused, intrapersonal Twitter use, but no such effect was found for less affiliative
individuals. Those using Twitter for surveillance spent more time on Twitter and
maintained a larger Twitter network, while those using Twitter for network expansion
posted tweets and retweeted others’ posts more frequently (Ju-Lee, 2014).
Sharing Skills
Sharing is a vital life skill. Social media is starting to be an important platform
knowledge sharing, communications not on the personal level only, also for
organizations. This tendency created an interesting area for researchers, professionals,
and academics to conduct researches about different aspects of social media (Ahmed,
Ahmad, Ahmad, & Zakaria, 2018).
Social networking is not a new concept. Coyle and Vaughn (2008) tell us that a
social network at its core is a set of individuals linked to one another through
interpersonal means-- whether it is through computers, locality, ideas, or similar interests.
People by nature are social and find different and unique ways to connect with one
another. In the 21st century it’s only natural that relationships forged online can carry
similar weight as those relationships that are made offline the old fashioned way. The
study found that in today’s digital age, social networking is a new form of

communication that continues to evolve. It is this evolution in communication that allows
people to connect in new ways. Taylor (2008) acknowledges that different social
networks give us access to our “friends” in different ways, ways which differentiate our
relationships.
By understanding the ways social networking allows individuals to be connected
with one another, it lays the groundwork for discovering how Twitter connects people to
one another. Along these same lines and as a prelude to Twitter, instant messaging (IM)
shares many characteristics with the microblogging service. (Quan-Haase, 2008). Social
networks are one of the most used communication methods of today's world. Their use in
different fields has been examined in several research studies. This study aims to examine
the effects of social media on student's behaviors which will mainly focus on Facebook.
Whether there is a positive relationship between confidence, social media participation
and social media related behaviors will also be assed with regard to using Twitter. In
order to collect the primary data, a general scanning model was used to observe attitudes
of high school students. The participants chosen were 362 high school students from level
9 to 12. The findings highlight that Twitter is used for communication entertainment and
sharing news, pictures and songs. In addition, their Twitter profile picture is alone and
students were aware that swearing is considered a form of misconduct, which is a good
sign. The study also indicates that students were aware of protecting their social identity
as their Twitter shares are not public. Furthermore, they respect privacy as they do not
use their friend's Facebook account. (Bicen, 2016).
Accountability

According to (RoyalSociety, 2018) 13,493 bot-like Twitter accounts that tweeted
during the UK European Union membership referendum debate and disappeared from the
platform after the ballot. We discuss the methodological challenges and lessons learned
from a study that emerged in a period of increasing weaponization of social media and
mounting concerns about information warfare. We address the challenges and
shortcomings involved in bot detection, the extent to which disinformation campaigns on
social media are effective, valid metrics for user exposure, activation and engagement in
the context of disinformation campaigns, unsupervised and supervised posting protocols,
along with infrastructure and ethical issues associated with social sciences research based
on large-scale social media data. We argue for improving researchers' access to data
associated with contentious issues and suggest that social media platforms should offer
public application programming interfaces to allow researchers access to content
generated on their networks. We conclude with reflections on the relevance of this
research agenda to public policy.
Related Studies
Media convergence altered the “relationship between existing technologies,
industries, markets, genres, and audiences” and therefore might be considered a paradigm
shifting culture. This altered the logic traditional media operated on and by which
consumer’s process news and entertainment. The author believes this convergence is a
process, not an end-point and we are already living in this culture for quite some time
now. Erik Qualman (2009) refers to social media as the age of instant communication and

transparency calling it the glasshouse effect. He defines it as the tool to deal with the
excess information on the Internet: a way to “filter” the information you actually are
searching for.
Furthermore, to consider social media as a marketing tool a retailer must
understand every aspect of it. Social media cannot be understood without first defining
Web 2.0: a term that describes a new way in which end users use the World Wide Web, a
place where content is continuously altered by all operators in a sharing and collaborative
way (Kaplan and Haenlein 2010). “It is much more to do with what people are doing with
the technology than the technology itself, for rather than merely retrieving information,
users are now creating and consuming it, and hence adding value to the websites that
permit them to do so” (Campbell et al. 2011, 87). Web 2.0 has evolved from simple
information retrieval to interactivity, interoperability, and collaboration (Campbell et al.
2011).
Kaplan and Haenlein (2010, 61) define social media as “a group of Internet based
applications that build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0, and
allow the creation and exchange of user generated content.” Sinclaire and Vogus (2011,
294) cite O’Reilly’s (2005) definition: “social media is a broad term that describes
software tools that create user generated content that can be shared.” However, there are
some basic features necessary for a website to meet the requirements as a social network
website: the site must contain user profiles, content, a method that permits users to
connect with each other and post comments on each other’s pages, and join virtual groups
based on common interests such as fashion or politics. (Gross & Acquisti, 2005; Ellison,

Steinfield & Lampe, 2007; Lenhart & Madden, 2007; Winder, 2007; Boyd & Ellison,
2007 as cited in Cox 2010).
The study of Maria Ivancin (2015), entitled "How people used the social network
to learn about the world" states that survey of more than 4,700 social media users, finds
that Twitter users tend to be heavier news consumers than other social media users.
News, indeed, is one of the primary activities that they engage in on the network. The
users also tend to be younger than social media users in general. They tend to use the
service heavily, the majority several times a day, and their use of the network is
increasing how much news they consume. Almost all Twitter users are also consumers of
other forms of news media. According to Economic and Social Research Council, Twitter
has become increasingly popular with academics as well as students, policymakers,
politicians and the general public. Many users struggled to understand what Twitter is
and how they could use it, but it has now become the social media platform of choice for
many. The snappy nature of tweets means that Twitter is widely used by smartphone
users who don’t want to read long content items on-screen.
Additionally, the growing interest in using Twitter to examine human behavior
and attitudes, there is still significant room for growth regarding the ability to leverage
Twitter data for social science research. In particular, gleaning demographic information
about Twitter users, a key component of much social science research remains a
challenge. (Tyler H. McCormick, 2015,"Using Twitter for Demographic and Social
Sciences Research: Tools for Data Collection and Processing).

The prevalent use of Twitter has increased in education; thus learning is no longer
restricted to the four walls of classroom. By trying to move away from the traditional pen
and paper classroom, Twitter as a new form of communication – a Web 2.0 micro
blogging tool, appears to be blending harmoniously well with modern thinking and
current educational practice as it ensures that learners will have more opportunities to be
independent in their study and research (Crook, 2008). Although it is always considered
the world’s second most popular social media platform after Facebook, Bruns (2012)
listed a few characteristics of Twitter that makes it no less appealing than Facebook, such
as (1) 140-characters updates that are designed for brief messaging, (2) flat and simple
network structures, (3) public.ferent aspects of social media (Ahmed, Ahmad, Ahmad, &
Zakaria, 2018).
Social skills are the skills we use to communicate and interact with each other,
both verbally and non-verbally, through gestures, body language and our personal
appearance. Human beings are sociable creatures and we have developed many ways to
communicate our messages, thoughts and feelings with others. Sparks (2011), From role-
playing games for students to parent seminars, teaching social and emotional learning
requires a lot of moving parts, but when all the pieces come together such instruction can
rival the effectiveness of purely academic interventions to boost student achievement,
according to the largest analysis of such programs to date. In the report, published Feb. 4
in the peer-reviewed journal “Child Development”, researchers led by Joseph A. Durlak,
a professor emeritus of psychology at the University of Chicago, found that students who
took part in social and emotional learning, or SEL, programs improved in grades and

standardized-test scores by 11 percentile points compared with nonparticipating students.
That difference, the authors say, was significant—equivalent to moving a student in the
middle of the class academically to the top 40 percent of students during the course of the
intervention. Such improvement fell within the range of effectiveness for recent analyses
of interventions foc Social media is a form of computed-mediated communication, like
email and online chat forums that enable content to be exchanged between people via the
internet (Ahlqvist, Back, Halonen, & Heinonen, 2008). Websites like Facebook, which
are called social networking sites, have been used to observe the behavior of online users.
Among the characteristics that social media researchers have examined are personality
traits and their prevalence online (Rice & Markey, 2009), the creation of social capital by
businesses (Ellison, Steinfield & Lampe, 2007), social media's effects on well-being
(Kim & Lee, 2011) and its influences on student grades (Jacobsen & Forste, 2011).
Research investigating the relationship between social media and empathy, however, has
not received much scholarly attention (Rosen, 2012). Instead, social media’s relationship
with empathy has been relegated to personal blogs and other opinion-based websites
(e.g., thesocialmediamonthly.com; millenialinflux.com) which contain contrasting
sentiments about the actions of those who use social media and how it relates to
empathyused on academics.
Empathy plays a crucial role in the social functioning of adolescents, and is often
considered the “social glue” in peer interactions (Baron-Cohen & Wheelwright, 2004). In
childhood, empathy largely develops through experiences with social interactions.
According to the Perception Action Model (PAM) of empathy, social interactions help

shape and fine-tune mental representations of emotions, which are needed to recognize
and share emotions of others (Preston & de Waal, 2002). For example, if we see another
person throwing a ball, brain regions related to the representation of throwing a ball are
activated in our brain. This same mechanism applies to emotions; the perception of an
emotion in someone else activates one’s own representations of that emotion which
enables “state-matching” (Preston, 2007). Through social interactions we create more
representations of emotions and they become more easily available to us, which increases
our natural tendency to empathize. This natural tendency is named trait empathy, which
is the focus of the current study. Given that social interactions increasingly take place
online, an important question is whether online communication provides the same
opportunity for forming representations and thus influencing trait empathy as face-to-face
communication does.
Since the primary focus of communicating with others through social media is
entirely online with such high frequency, mainly through social media’s biggest
platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and Instagram, social media users shift
their primary habits of communication to mirror online communication. Within the realm
of online interactivity, social media users can actively gain significant numbers of friends
and followers at one click of a mouse behind their computer screens without ever having
to meet other users face-to-face, disregarding basic social and emotional skills otherwise
needed to form those friendships. Social media users can also create their own profiles,
allowing its users to be whomever they wish without having to expose any real
identities—another disregard for establishing substantial interpersonal relationships.

Based on the study “Social Media effects on Interpersonal Relationships”
conducted by Maria Suazo (2013), social media’s main purpose is communicating, its
platforms are open for discussion opportunities in the forms of virtual panels and chat
rooms, allowing social media users behind a protected mask to openly announce
messages they otherwise would never project in a face-to-face conversation. Social media
users can also check in at certain locations and also form meeting times and groups to
come together at virtual locations, also canceling out the need for establishing
interpersonal meeting times and groups at a concrete location. All of these features,
including uploading pictures and videos, writing statuses, and tweeting incessantly allow
social media users to inadvertently create virtual lives, without having to interpersonally
interact at all, outside of the real, concrete, substantial lives their life every day in reality.
Hew (2010) social media user normally use this medium to keep in touch with
friends or family, finding new friends or connections, to express personal thoughts and
feelings. Some use it just for fun while a few use it to gain popularity and
acknowledgment. Another motive mentioned is the use of Facebook for learning purpose
as it allow learners to approach learning from their personal perspectives and learning
style (Kivunja, 2014). Studies agreed that learning activities such as interaction,
collaboration, and active participation, sharing of information and resources as well as
critical thinking that occurs online is the criteria that approves potential of Facebook to
serve as a tool that aid learning (Petrović, 2012; Leng et al., 2011; Mazman & Usluel,
2010; Selwyn, 2007).

Integration of new technologies in learning has brought significant changes in the
learning process as a whole. Many studies mentioned about the positive impact on
learning through Facebook (Kirschner & Karpinski, 2010). Facebook enhanced students’
motivation, engagement, foster positive attitude (Kabilan et al., 2010; West et al., 2009),
improves writing (Petrović, 2012), help in developing interpersonal skills and able to act
as platform to practice critical thinking (Lampe et al., 2008). These findings enhanced
positive possibility of using this media as a tool to assist pedagogy. Learning
Management Systems (LMS) was widely accepted by the student previously. However,
its lack of social connectivity tools and personal profile spaces has been outshine by the
Facebook as student demands learning through interaction multilateral, prefer autonomy
in terms of material and source selection and connectivity in learning (Mazman & Usluel,
2010)
On the other hand, Social media comes in many interrelated forms such as blogs,
forums, podcasts, photo sharing, socialbookmarking, widgets, video, just to name a few.
Although the social media is often associated with young people (Boyle, 2007), it has
attracted both men and women from different ages, educational levels, cultures, amongst
others, from all over the world. Gender norms may influence the preference for a
particular use of social media. Hence, our study focuses on gender differences relating to
the continuance usage of social media. Mazman & Usluel (2011:133) observed that apart
from ‘checking e-mails, readingdaily forums and newspapers or following instant
message tools, people now also check their social network profiles by following others’
status changes, updating their profiles or looking at others’ profiles.

Bujala (2012) suggest that men are likely to have more time for the use of social
network because of gender expectations and roles. In other words, the societal
expectations and norms tend to favour men than women who are expected to take care of
the private sphere while men take care of the public sphere which the social network
incorporates. Volkovich et al. (2014) aver that societal expectations tend tofavour men.
However, they argued that there are more women in the use of social media than men. In
other words, Volkovich et al. (2014) suggest that women outnumbered men for most
social networking sites with the exception of LinkedIn. A 2009 Pew Internet Research
report showed that women outnumbered men on social media platforms (Kaplan and
Haenlein, 2010).
Gender has been found to occupy a special place in understanding people's
decisions in the adoption and use of new technologies (Volkovich et al., 2014). Few
research on the gender differences in usage patterns of Social Networking Sites (SNS)
highlighted that the male gender used social networking sites for networking, making
new friends, and seeking out potential dates and playing games; while female gender
used it for relationship maintenance (Rousseau and Puttaraju, 2014) and posting public
message (Muscanell, 2012). Another related study averred that females used Social
Networking Sites predominantly to look for old friends and keep in touch with the
existing ones while, at the same time, hiding their identities and personal information for
privacy purposes (Mazman and Usluel, 2011). As averred by Vankatesh and Morris
(2000), while men are more driven by contributory factors such as usefulness, women are
more motivated by process and social factors.

Research Synthesis
Information travels faster and faster, and the world seemed to get smaller and
smaller. As a result, this changes how the world communicates especially with today’s
obsession to social media networks. These social media networks allow us the
opportunity to share opinions with a far wider audience. The biggest positive changes in
the way that we interact, due to social media networks, is the sheer number of people that
we can interact with. And one of the most used applications in social media is Twitter.
Twitter as a free microblogging service allowing registered members to broadcast
short posts called tweets. Twitter members can broadcast tweets and follow other users
by using multiple platforms and devices. In recent studies revealed that women have
tweeted an average of 1,542 times compared 698 tweets of men. Social media and
technology are double edged swords. It is astounding to have and can really help us, but it
also distracts us to the point of being blind and deaf to everything else going on. Social
media has also changed the way that we interact, mainly the way we have lost some of
our social skills. Specifically, each of the factors were presented literature pertaining to
how these aspects are affected and may be associated to significant change in one’s
character.
The social skills such as empathy, interpersonal, problem solving, communication
skills and accountability skills were indicated and found to have been affected yet
developed in some ways. There were studies revealing that Twitter among other social

networking sites have significantly emerged in the technological era by far. As presented
in the review of related literature and studies, it is empirical to say that social media
platforms such as Twitter have significant role and effect to one’s social status and social
practices. As presented, this paper sought to attest its emerging influence to its broad
members.

Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter included the procedures that will be followed throughout the study. It
introduced a complete description of the methodology used in the study, the research
design, the participants, and the instrumentation, and lastly, the statistical treatment to be
used in this study.
Research Design
This research was conducted in a descriptive approach. Descriptive research
design is a scientific method which involves observing and describing the behavior of a
subject without influencing it in any way (Suazo, 2014). The researchers used this
method to analyze how Twitter affected the five indicated social skills. Hence, this type
of research design is appropriate to use because it describes what the study is about. Its
common means of obtaining information includes the use of survey questionnaire,
interview, and observation.
Participants
The study was conducted to see how the use social media application such as
Twitter affects a student’s way of interacting with others. In STI College Santa Rosa
there were c 172 Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) students in

the senior high level. There are 2 sections in the 11th grade that has a total of 61students
while there are 4 sections in the 12th grade that has a total of 111 students.
Many STEM students used technology for finding and earning information in
many ways. The use of social media became a part of every people’s lives in the era of
technology. Communication is easier and connecting to one another became more
effective.
Grade Level Section Total Number Of Students

Grade 11 STEM 112-1A 39
STEM 112-1C 22
Grade 12 STEM 122-1A 41
STEM 122-2A 39
STEM 122-1C 15
STEM 122-2C 16
Total 172
Table 3.1 Total population of the STEM students in STI College Santa Rosa.
The table above showed the total population of the study’s respondents which are
the Grade 11 and 12 STEM students, both girls and boys at STI College Santa Rosa.
The researchers chose STEM students to be the respondents because many STEM
students use technology in finding and earning information in many ways. In the era of
technology, the use of social media became part of every people’s lives. In addition to,
communication is easier and connecting to one another became more effective. The
researchers chose Science and Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)
students as their target respondents, because this academic strand is related to technology
and sciences. They are prone to virtual activities in relational to their chosen course.

To get the number of respondents for the study, the researchers conducted a pre-
survey among Grade 11 and Grade 12 students in STI College Santa Rosa, consisted of
the complete names of both boys and girls who are under the STEM strand. The target
respondents simply put a check whether they are active users of Twitter or not. The
results of the pre-survey helped the researchers to get the population of active users of
Twitter as shown below.
Pre- Survey
Total Population Respondents Number of the Users of Twitter
Section Yes No
STEM 112-1A 39 18 21
STEM 112-1C 22 15 7
STEM 122-1A 41 26 15
STEM 122-2A 39 21 18
STEM 122-1C 15 7 8
STEM 122-2C 16 9 7
Total 172 96 76
Table 3.2 Determined Sample Population of Respondents after the Pre-Survey.
The table above showed the responses of STEM students in STI College Santa
Rosa. There were 96 students who responded that they were active users of Twitter. On
the other hand, there remaining 76 students were not inclined in social media application
specifically Twitter. Consequently, those who said ‘yes’ were all then considered as the
participants or respondents of the study.
Research Instrument
The study used survey questionnaires as a research instrument. The following
questions are personally made by the researchers. It was composed of several statement
questions that talks about how Twitter affects the social skills of the students. The
questionnaires were composed of fifty (50) items, it was because every variable that have

been discussed previously has its corresponding statement questions. The sample survey
questionnaires were validated and checked an English teacher who was qualified to check
the questionnaires before the survey proper.
Data-Gathering Procedure
Finding studies and published works of research of researchers helped the study
be more valid by finding more articles that found an agreement to the study. This was
also identified on what variables of social skills to be used in the study. The pre-survey
questionnaire for respondents was a one question survey that can only be answered by
“yes” or “no” and a lead knew who and how many STEM students around the senior
level of STI College Santa Rosa are active and inactive users in using the social media
application, Twitter. A questionnaire that was in a form of set of statements were
answered by the people who answered “yes” in the pre-survey questionnaire and making
them find their agreement on the given statements on how their social skills get affected
by the use of Twitter and used of the Likert Scale of Agreement which contains four (4)
responses (Strongly Agree, Agree, Disagree, Strongly Disagree). In result, the researchers
tabulated the numbers of responses in the survey sheets. The total numbers of responses
will help the researchers to find out if a social media platform such as Twitter has a huge
impact in the social skills of a student specifically STEM students in STI College Santa
Rosa.

Statistical Treatment
The data was collected through the use of survey questionnaires. The data was
then be computed using the following formulas.
1. Frequency Distribution of Percentage. It states that a percentage distribution

is a display of data that specifies the percentage of observations that exist for each
data point or grouping of data points. It is particularly a useful method of
expressing the relative frequency of responses of survey responses and other data
(Lavrakas 2008).
Where:
% = Percentage
f = Frequency
N = Number of cases
2. Likert Scale. It is applied as one of the most fundamental and frequently used
in psychometric tools in educational and social sciences research (Joshi.et al,
2015).
Verbal Level of
Scale Scale Interval
Interpretation Assesment
4 3.26 – 4.00 Strongly Agree Very High
3 2.60 – 3.25 Agree High

1.76 - 2.50 Disagree Low
2
1.00 – 1.75 Strongly Disagree Very Low
1

3. Weighted Mean – It is also called as weighted average. It is an average in

which each observation in the data set is assigned or multiplied by a weight
before summing to a single average value. In this process, each quantity to be
averaged is assigned a weight that determines the relative importance of each
quantity (Kenton, 2018).
Where:
- Weighted mean
N – No. of respondents
- Measurement or value
- Number of measurements
4. ANOVA for One Way Classification. To test the equality of several means,
the researchers utilize a procedure known as analysis of variable. One factor of
analysis of variance is a procedure that uses a set of calculations in several
variance to test the hypothesis (Ivancin, 2015).
F=
Where:
F = Ratio
MSbet = means square between
MSw = means square within

5. Chi-square. The distribution of sum of the squares of k independent standard

normal random variables. The Chi-squared distribution is a special case of the
gamma distribution and is one of the most widely used probability distributions in
inferential statistics notably in hypothesis testing or in construction of confidence
intervals (Crook, 2008).
Where:
X1, X2… Xk = are k independent standard normal random variable
Q = Chi-squared random variable

Chapter 4
PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION & ANALYSIS OF DATA
This chapter primarily discussed the problems of the study. Specifically, this
chapter presented the tabulated, interpreted and analyzed data based on the survey
administered to the respondents about how does the Twitter affected the social skills of
STEM students in STI College Santa Rosa.
The Demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:
Gender Frequency Percentage

Male 55 57.30%
Female 41 42.70%
TOTAL 96 100%
Table 4.1.1 The demographic profile of the respondents in terms of Gender
The table showed the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of gender.
55 or 57.30% were male and 41 or 42.70% were female respondents.
Frequency of use Frequency Percentage

Four times a day 47 49.00%
Thrice a day 15 15.00%
Twice a day 16 17.00%
Once a day 18 19.00%
TOTAL 96 100.00%
Table 4.1.2 The Demographic profile of the respondents in terms of frequency of use of
Twitter.
The table showed the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of
frequency of use where 47 or 49.00% of STEM students used Twitter Four times a day,
15 or 15.00% of STEM students used Twitter Thrice a day, 16 or 17.00% of STEM

students used Twitter Twice a day, and 18 or 19.00% of STEM students used Twitter
Once a day.
Level of Assessment of using Twitter in Developing Social Skills of STEM students
Empathy Weighted Verbal Level of

Mean Interpretation Assessment
1. I think what my virtual friends will feel before I 3.04 Agree High
post something in Twitter.
2. I give comforting message whenever I need 2.95 Agree High
something bad on my friend’s Twitter posts.
3. I give due respect to any post or tweet I see on 3.33 Agree High
twitter.
4. I share or comment my personal experiences to 2.79 Agree High
any post to give inspiration or motivation.
5. I support any advocacy such as cyberbullying that 3.24 Agree High
I see on Twitter.
6. I avoid retweeting post with a contact that might 3.09 Agree High
offend another person.
7. I use and share to inspire people to connect, 3.23 Agree High
motivate and please people.
8. I show my care to the people I know on Twitter 3.05 Agree High
through direct message of DMs.
9. I help my fellow netizen by giving them advices on 3.03 Agree High
what they are going through.
10. I learn to be more sensitive about a certain topic 3.41 Strongly Agree Very High
in the virtual world before I post any comment.
AVERAGE WEIGHTED MEAN 3.12 Agree High
Table 4.2.1 Results of the Assessment of using Twitter developing of social skills of STEM
Students in terms of Empathy
The table showed the survey questions regarding to Empathy and the result of the
conducted survey from STEM Students of STI College Santa Rosa. It also showed the
weighted mean of every question and its verbal interpretation. By using the Likert Scale,
the researchers can identify the verbal interpretations within the mean intervals of the
study. The data showed that STEM Students strongly agreed on one (1) question and its
level of assessment is “very high” that their Empathy was developed they learn to be
more sensitive about a certain topic before posting a comment (3.04).

The data also showed that STEM students Agree on nine (9) questions and its
level of assessment is high. It explained to have developed because they support any
advocacies such as cyberbullying they see on Twitter (3.24); they avoid retweeting posts
that might offend another person (3.09); They share to inspire, motivate, and please
people (3.23); they think how their virtual friends will feel before posting something on
Twitter (3.04); they give comforting messages before they need something bad on their
friend’s Twitter post (2.95); they give respect to any post they see on Twitter (3.33); they
share or comment their personal experiences to any post to give inspiration or motivation
(2.79); They show their care to people they know on Twitter through direct message
(3.05); They help their fellow netizen by giving advice on what they are going through
(3.03)
With an average weighted mean of 3.12, the researchers concluded that the
respondents’ empathy skill was developed by using Twitter.

Interpersonal Skills Weighted Verbal Level of

1. I set Twitter as platform in making connections in 3.34 Strongly Agree Very High
different sides of the world by following the people I
trust in other social platforms.
2. I build connections virtually by approaching my 2.89 Agree High
followers through direct message (DM).
3. I entrust my personal information to people I am 3.01 Agree High
closed to, the way they show their trust on me.
4. I make more friends in Twitter through virtual 2.83 Agree High
interaction.
5. I am able to share stories even my personal 2.90 Agree High
experience to those I met on Twitter.
6. With Twitter, I was able to interact and show a 3.34 Strongly Agree Very High
different version of me.
7. I show my interest in a topic by thinking another 3.10 Agree High
topic.
8. I speak what is on my mind by posting online and 3.27 Strongly Agree Very High
responding to people commenting on my post.
9. I use Twitter as a form of connecting and interacting 3.16 Agree High
with people that I know especially by sharing
sentiments about certain issues.
10. I express my thoughts detailed in Twitter. 3.01 Agree High
Average Weighted Mean 3.09 Agree High
Students in terms of Interpersonal Skills
The table showed the survey questions regarding to their Interpersonal Skills and
the result of the conducted survey from STEM Students of STI College Santa Rosa. It
also showed the weighted mean of every question and its verbal interpretation. By using
the Likert Scale, the researchers can identify the verbal interpretations within the mean
intervals of the study. The data shows that STEM Students strongly agreed on three (3)
questions and its level of assessment was “very high” that their Interpersonal Skills was
developed because they set Twitter as a platform in making connections in different sides
of the world (3.34); they were able to interact and show a different version of them in
Twitter (3.34); they speak what on their mind by posting and responding to people (3.16).

The data also showed that STEM students Agree on seven (7) questions and its
level of assessment is “high” that their interpersonal skills was developed because they
build connections virtually (2.89); they entrust their personal information to people they
are close to (3.01); they make friends through virtual interaction (2.83); they are able to
share stories (2.90), they show their interest in a topic (3.10); they use Twitter as a form
of connecting and interacting with people by sharing sentiments (3.16); they express their
thoughts detailed on Twitter (3.01).
With an average mean of 3.09, the researchers concluded that the respondents’
interpersonal skill was developed by using Twitter.

Problem Solving Skills Weighted Verbal Level of

1. I accept or consider advices from different person to 2.42 Agree High
help solve the problem.
2. I consult someone before getting into conclusion. 3.24 Agree High
3. I solve one problem at a time before solving another 3.16 Agree High
to properly solve it.
4. I keep an open mind in solving problem to properly 3.21 Agree High
entertain suggestion to solve any.
5. I apply trial and error method in solving problem to 3.20 Agree High
know the best solution to it.
6. I think more than twice before coming up with an 3.29 Strongly Agree Very High
action to secure appropriate solution.
7. I analyze to understand the problem first before acting 3.41 Strongly Agree Very High
to avoid any mistake in the future.
8. I use inferencing to find solution to every situation by 3.31 Strongly Agree Very High
using known facts.
9. I cheer people through sharing inspirational messages 3.24 Agree High
to motivate them.
10. I collaborate with other people on Twitter by using 3.08 Agree High
hashtags to share ideas, to voice out opinions and justify
reasons that can create an effective solution to a
problem.
Average Weighted Mean 3.16 Agree High
Students in terms of their Problem Solving Skills
conducted survey from STEM Students of STI College Santa Rosa. It also showed the
weighted mean of every question and its verbal interpretation. By using the Likert Scale,
the researchers can identify the verbal interpretations within the mean intervals of the
study. The data showed that STEM Students strongly agreed on three (3) questions and
its level of assessment is “very high” that their Problem Solving Skills was developed
because they think twice before coming up with an action to secure appropriate solution
(3.29); they analyze to understand the problem first before acting (3.41); they use
inferencing to find solutions to every situation by using known facts (3.31).

The data also showed that STEM students Agree on seven (7) questions and its
level of assessment is “high” that their Problem Solving Skills was developed because
they accept or consider advices from different persons (2.42); they consult to someone
before they get into conclusion (3.24); they solve one problem at a time before they
solving another (3.16); they keep an open mind in solving problems (3.21); they apply
trial and error method in solving problems (3.20); they cheer people through sharing
inspirational messages (3.24); They collaborate with other people on Twitter by using
hashtags (3.08).
problem solving skills was developed by using Twitter.

Communication skills Weighted Verbal Level of

1. I use friendly tone messages like “hope you a have a 3.27 Strongly Agree Very High
great day today” to other people that are connected to me
on Twitter to make them feel more appreciated
2. I respect the opinions of another person’s point of 3.30 Strongly Agree Very High
view in Twitter post rather than argue with them.
3. I take time to edit and think of a message to express it 3.31 Strongly Agree Very High
more in a respectful manner.
4. I use simple words that can be easily understood by 3.44 Strongly Agree Very High
others.
5. I use direct message (DM) to make conversation 3.21 Agree High
private especially when personal matter is concern.
6. I read thoroughly post’s contents first to understand 3.34 Strongly Agree Very High
what the post conveys before I make a comment to it to
avoid misunderstanding.
7. I reply to messages as soon as possible to avoid 3.11 Agree High
miscommunication.
8. I use formal words rather than vulgar terms to evade 3.30 Strongly Agree Very High
misconception of the message I give or receive.
9. I listen attentively to what other people has to say to 3.30 Strongly Agree Very High
show my full interest to what is being discussed virtually
or personally.
10. I initiate conversation frequently on Twitter to show 3.04 Agree High
my interest with those I know.
Average Weighted Mean 3.26 Strongly Agree Very High
Students in terms of their Communication Skills
The table showed the survey questions regarding to their Communication Skills
and the result of the conducted survey from STEM Students of STI College Santa Rosa.
It also showed the weighted mean of every question and its verbal interpretation. By
using the Likert Scale, the researchers identified the verbal interpretations within the
mean intervals of the study. The data showed that STEM Students strongly agreed on
seven (7) questions its level of assessment is “very high” that their communication skills
was developed they use friendly toned messages like “hope you a have a great day today” to
other people (3.27); they respect the opinions of another person’s point of view in Twitter post
rather than argue with them (3.30); they take time to edit and think of a message to express it
more in a respectful manner (3.31); they use simple words that can be easily understood by others

(3.44); they read thoroughly post’s contents first to understand what the post conveys before I
make a comment (3.34); they use formal words rather than vulgar terms to evade misconception
of the message they give or receive (3.30); they listen attentively to what other people has to say
to show their full interest to what is being discussed (3.30).
The data also showed that STEM students Agree on three (3) questions and its
level of assessment is “high” that their communication skills was developed because they
make the conversation private especially when personal matter is concerned by using
direct messages (3.21), they I reply to messages as soon as possible to avoid
miscommunication (3.11), they initiate a conversation frequently on Twitter to show their
interest with those they know (3.04).
communication skill was developed by using Twitter.

Accountability Weighted Verbal Level of

1. I am aware of my emotions in a way that I carefully pick 3.49 Strongly Agree Very High
what post I would comment to.
2. I keep responsibility to what I share, post or comment on 3.46 Strongly Agree Very High
Twitter.
3. I am aware that some post on Twitter might often 3.26 Strongly Agree Very High
another person so I report those types of posts.
4. I initiate a tweet that has a basis or known facts. 3.44 Strongly Agree Very High
5I learn to ignore arguments in Twitter that I know that I 3.25 Agree High
cannot get a benefit on it.
6. I know that honesty is a must in Twitter in a way that I 3.45 Strongly Agree Very High
only post statements that come from the truth.
7. I admit my own mistakes if ever I offend someone like 3.52 Strongly Agree Very High
saying “sorry” on social media or even personally.
8. I post tweets that come from my own mouth and I stand 3.31 Strongly Agree Very High
firmly no matter what may occur.
9. I show maturity by means of not arguing to any message 3.41 Strongly Agree Very High
I read or hear and to show respect to anyone concern.
10. I conciliate with other person to build good and 3.39 Strongly Agree Very High
friendly relationship especially with those I just met online
or personally.
Average Weighted Mean 3.40 Strongly Agree Very High
Students in terms of their Accountability
conducted survey from STEM Students of STI College Santa Rosa. The data showed that
STEM Students Strongly Agree on seven (9) questions and its level of assessment is
“very high” that their Accountability was developed because they are aware of their
emotions in a way that they carefully pick what post they would comment to (3.49); they
are responsible to what they share, post, or comment on Twitter (3.46); they are aware
that some post on Twitter might often another person so they report those types of posts
(3.26); they initiate tweets that has a basis or known facts (3.44); they know that honesty
is a must in Twitter in a way that they only post statements that come from the truth
(3.45); they admit their own mistakes if ever they offend someone (3.52); they post
tweets that comes from my own mouth and they stand firmly no matter what may occur

(3.31); they show maturity by means of not arguing to any message I read or hear and to
show respect to anyone concern(3.41); they conciliate with other person to build a good
and friendly relationship especially with those they just met online or personally (3.39)
The data also showed that STEM students Agree on one (1) questions and its level
of assessment is “high” that their Accountability was developed because they learn to
ignore arguments in Twitter that they know that they cannot get a benefit on it (3.25).
accountability was developed by using Twitter.
Social Skills Weighted Mean Verbal Level of

Interpretation Assessment
Empathy 3.12 Agree High
Interpersonal 3.09 Agree High
Communication 3.26 Strongly Agree Very High
Problem solving skills 3.16 Agree High
Accountability 3.40 Strongly agree Very High
Table 4.2.6 Level of Assessment of using Twitter in developing social skills of STEM
students.
The table showed the level of assessment of using Twitter in developing social
skills of STEM students. Accountability has an average weighted mean of 3.40, having
the verbal interpretation to Strongly Agree and its level of assessment is “very high”.
Communication Skills has an average weighted mean of 3.26 equivalent to strong
agreement with a “very high” assessment. On the other hand, problem solving skills has
an average weighted mean of 3.16 interpreted with “very high” level of assessment.
Empathy has an average weighted mean of 3.12 equivalent to a “high” assessment.

Lastly, interpersonal skills with an average weighted mean of 3.09, with an agreement
equivalent to “high” assessment.
Significant difference between the levels of assessment of using Twitter in

developing social skills of STEM students when grouped according to Gender.
Source of SS Df MS FComputed FCritical Decision Verbal

Variation Interpretation
Column 0.164882 9 0.1832 4.382309 2.633572 Reject Ho Significant
Level of 0.652072 4 0.163018
assessment
Error 1.335168 36
TOTAL 2.156122 49
Table 4.3.1 Significant Difference between the levels of assessment of using Twitter in
developing social skills of STEM students when grouped according to their gender
The table showed the significant difference between the levels of assessment of
using Twitter in developing social skills of STEM students when grouped according to
Gender. It showed that the FCritical = 2.633572 is lower than the Fcomputed = 4.382309.
Thus, null hypothesis is rejected. Therefore, there is a significant difference between the
levels of assessment of using Twitter in developing social skills of STEM students when
grouped according to Gender.

Significant relationship between the social skills of STEM Students in STI College
Santa Rosa and their frequency of use of Twitter
Degree of Freedom (df) 9
Margin of Error (α) 0.05
Critical Value (CV) 16.92
COMPUTED TABLE DECISION VERBAL

SOCIAL SKILLS
VALUE VALUE (Accept/Reject) INTERPRETATION
Empathy 9.3624 Accept HO Not Significant
Interpersonal 8.5048 Accept HO Not Significant
Problem Solving 10.802 16.92 Accept HO Not Significant
Communication 13.1294 Accept HO Not Significant
Accountability 23.4674 Reject HO Significant
Table 4.4.1 Significant relationship between the social skills of STEM Students in STI
College Santa Rosa and their frequency of use of Twitter
The table showed the significant relationship between the social skills of STEM
Students in STI College Santa Rosa and their frequency of use of Twitter. Data showed
that the four null hypothesis were rejected with the four socials skills; Empathy (9.3624);
Interpersonal (8.5048); Problem Solving skills (10.802) and; Communication skills
(13.1294) which were less than the table value or critical value (16.92). Therefore, there
is no significant relationship between the Empathy, Interpersonal skills, Problem Solving
skills, and Communication skills of STEM Students in STI College Santa Rosa and their
frequency of use of Twitter.
On the other hand, the data showed that for Accountability skill, the computed
value (23.4674) is higher than the critical value (16.92) making the null hypothesis be
rejected. Therefore, there is a significant relationship between the Accountability of
STEM Students in STI College Santa Rosa and their frequency of use of Twitter.

Chapter 5
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This study was conducted on how social media platform such as Twitter affected
the different social skills among Grade 11 and Grade 12 STEM students. Explicitly, this
study focused on the variables of different social skills of a person such as empathy,
interpersonal skills, problem solving, communication skills, and accountability.
Demographic Profile of the respondents
Gender
With the number of respondents from Science and Technology Engineering and
Mathematics (STEM) students both in Grade 11 and Grade 12 level, most of them were
male equivalent to more than fifty percent of the total population. It explained that men
most likely to be active on Twitter than women.
Frequency of Use
In the use of Twitter, it was found out that with the total number of respondents
accumulated from the pre-survey and the actual number of participants of the study, most
of them used or updated Twitter four times a day. It explains that the respondents are
fond of checking their accounts more often. Accordingly, some were found to use and
check their Twitter thrice to once a day.

Assessment of the Use of Twitter in Social Skills Develops Among STEM Students
There were several factors considered how Twitter affected one’s social
skills. Explaining it further, accountability attained the highest average weighted mean of
3.40 among the five skills equivalent to having very high effect. Next is the
communication skills with an attained average weighted mean of 3.26 equivalents to
having very high level of effect. Moreover, problem solving skills comes third with an
average weighted mean of 3.16 parallels to having high level of effect. Following was the
empathy skill with 3.12 and interpersonal skill with 3.09 average weighted means
equivalent to high levels of effects.
With the given results, it was concluded that Twitter has a significant effect to
the given social skills of the users and respondents. Thus, it can be implied that the said
social networking site has played a significant role in enhancing and developing the skills
of the users. However, as accountability is concerned, users should be responsible with
their use.

Hypotheses
Hypothesis 1
The null hypothesis is rejected. Therefore, there is a significant difference
between the levels of assessment of using Twitter in developing social skills of STEM
students when grouped according to Gender.
Hypothesis 2
The null hypothesis is accepted. Therefore, there is no significant relationship
between the social skills of STEM Students in STI College Santa Rosa and their
frequency of use of twitter in Terms of empathy, interpersonal skills, problem solving
skills, and communication skills
The null hypothesis is rejected. Therefore, there is a significant relationship
between the social skills of STEM Students in STI College Santa Rosa and their
frequency of use of twitter in terms of accountability.

Recommendations
Based on the summary of findings and conclusions, the following
recommendations were drawn:
1. It is highly recommended that every STEM students should maintain balance
order of the five basic social skills such as empathy, interpersonal skills, problem
solving skills, communication and accountability upon using Twitter. It is a must
to regulate the given social skills so that the students will be more effective in
doing their different tasks.
2. It is very noticeable that an interpersonal skill is the least social skill developed.
Hence, the researchers recommended that students should frequently interact with
other Twitter users. In that way, they can be updated on what is happening to the
world outside.
3. The researcher’s recommended to every parents to have a keen eye on their
children on using Twitter. They should properly guide their children on how to
use Twitter such as limiting their time in using it and allow them to spend more
time outdoor or in physical activities.
4. The researchers encourage the future researchers to conduct a studies in a larger
population and more grade levels to verify the findings of this study, and may also
focus on the other aspects concerned.

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Twitter Affecting Social Skills of STEM Students in STI College Santa Rosa

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Twitter Affecting Social Skills of STEM Students in STI College Santa Rosa

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TWITTER AFFECTING SOCIAL SKILLS AMONG STEM STUDENTS IN

STI COLLEGE SANTA ROSA

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

This chapter included the introduction, background of the study, theoretical

framework, conceptual framework, hypothesis, and the statement of the problem,

significance of the study, scope and delimitation and definition of terms.

being interpersonally successful.

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING & MATHEMATICS STRAND 1

mathematician Claude Shannon. He was known as the “Father of Information Theory”,

(e-mail), which permitted near-instant exchange of information, was widely adopted as

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING & MATHEMATICS STRAND 2

anyone on Twitter. To weave tweets into a conversation thread or connect them to a

acts like a meta-tag, is expressed as #keyword.

opening up your circle of contacts to an ever-growing community of like-minded people.

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING & MATHEMATICS STRAND 3

Background of the Study

used by many individuals. Unlike in Facebook, Twitter gave an opportunity to users to

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING & MATHEMATICS STRAND 4

such as Twitter affected the social skills of the students.

Social Skills and Theory of Fields (Neil Fligstein, 2001)

In classical sociological theory, social reproduction and social change were

for social research.

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING & MATHEMATICS STRAND 5

to provide a sociological, as opposed to a methodological individualist, micro-foundation

provide identities and cultural frames to motivate others.

Pew Research Center, 2015).

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING & MATHEMATICS STRAND 6

concept of reciprocity is applied where there is a commitment to return a favor done by

interaction translated behaviors as either health seeking or health motivation.

perceptions and actions.

The Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura, 1960s)

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING & MATHEMATICS STRAND 7

the reasons why a person engages in that behavior.

Many theories of behavior used in health promotion do not consider maintenance

of behavior, but rather focus on initiating behavior. This is unfortunate as maintenance of

when the theory evolved into SCT.

examining conformity to gender stereotypes in an online social networking environment.

be a relationship between status update frequency and the amount of friends in an

individual’s network; lastly, there will be an effect of gender on concentration of

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING & MATHEMATICS STRAND 8

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING & MATHEMATICS STRAND 9

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Figure 1.1 The Conceptual Framework of the study

process. An input-process-output diagram included all of the materials and information

by-products resulting from the process.

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING & MATHEMATICS STRAND 10

Statement of the Problem

Specifically, the researchers sought to answer the following question:

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 frequency of use; and

Twitter in terms of?

2.2 Interpersonal skills;

2.3 Problem solving skills;

2.4 Communication skills; and

3. Is there a significant difference between the levels of assessment of using

Twitter in developing social skills of STEM students when grouped according

4. Is there a significant relationship between the social skills of STEM students

in STI College Santa Rosa and their frequency of use?

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING & MATHEMATICS STRAND 11

H1 There is no significant difference between the levels of assessment of using

H2 There is no significant relationship between the social skills of STEM Students

in STI College Santa Rosa and their frequency of use of twitter

Significance of the Study

social skills even in virtual aspect.