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DISASTER PREVENTION
•Those activities taken to prevent a natural
phenomenon or potential hazard from having
harmful effects on either people or economic
assets.
•It means taking preventive measures to reduce
the risks to both collection and the building in a
BY ESTRELLA M. DOMINGO disaster.

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WHAT IS A HAZARD?
•Hazard is any event or
occurrence that has
the potential for
causing injury to life,
property and
environment.

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HAZARD + EXPOSURE = RISK

• HAZARD – any source of potential adverse effect,

harm or damage
• EXPOSURE – the extent to which someone is
subjected to a hazard
• RISK – the likelihood that anything exposed to a
hazard will be harmed
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EXAMPLE OF RISK
WHAT IS RISK?

• RISK is the probability of harmful consequences

— casualties, damaged property, lost
livelihoods, disrupted economic activity, and
damage to the environment — resulting from
interactions between natural or human-induced
hazards and vulnerable conditions.

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EXAMPLE OF RISK

THE PREVENTION PHASE

INVOLVES
•Completing Risk Management Process
•Establishing a Vital Records Program, and
•Developing a Disaster Prevention Plan

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• Risk Management
FACTORS TO CONSIDER IN
RISK Process means
identifying and
DISASTER PREVENTION
MANAGEMENT managing risks to
minimize the
•ASSESSMENT
•PROBABILITY
PROCESS negative impact
they may have on •IMPACT
an organization. •ACTION PLAN
•PROTECTING RECORDS

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RISK ASSESSMENT Risk assessment is a term used to describe the

overall process or method where you:
•Risk assessment: assessing the possibility that • identify hazards and risk factors that have
a disaster will occur and strike a population the potential to cause harm
•It is made up of three processes: hazard • analyze and evaluate the risk associated with
identification, risk analysis, and risk evaluation that hazard
• determine appropriate ways to eliminate the
hazard, or control the risk when the hazard
cannot be eliminated

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There are two mainways to identify risk:

RISK IDENTIFICATION IDENTIFYING RETROSPECTIVE RISKS

• Retrospective risks are those that have
•RISK IDENTIFICATION involves identifying previously occurred, such as incidents or
accidents.
sources of risk, areas of impact, events,
• Retrospective risk identification is often the
their causes and potential consequences. most common way to identify risk, and the
•It involves the steps of what hazards could easiest. It’s easier to believe something if it has
occur and possible causes and scenarios. happened before. It is also easier to quantify its
Time to really focus on the agency. impact and to see the damage it has caused.
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There are two mainways to identify risk:

IDENTIFYING PROSPECTIVE RISKS

•Prospective risks are often harder to identify.
AREAS OF RISKS
These are things that have not yet happened, • The first and the foremost thing is identifying
but might happen some time in the future. the areas of risk.

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RISK IDENTIFICATION –IDENTIFY ALL RISKS

RISK IDENTIFICATION
TO THE BUILDING AND COLLECTION

• From the building and collection

oWalk through the agency and look at things with • Use a floor plan of your building and mark it as
new eyes. the risks are identified
oUse check lists to ensure all types of risks are
assessed. Be thorough - it may take a while to
develop a comprehensive list.
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RISK IDENTIFICATION –IDENTIFY ALL RISKS RISK IDENTIFICATION –IDENTIFY ALL RISKS
TO THE BUILDING AND COLLECTION TO THE BUILDING AND COLLECTION

• Contaminants (dust, gasses) • Physical forces (earthquakes, physical damage

• Light and UV radiation from staff, vibrations from drawers, repair work
• Incorrect temperature • Fire (flame, soot)
• Incorrect relative humidity • Water (floods, plumbing or roof leak)
• Custodial neglect (data loss, misplacement, • Criminal (robbery, isolated theft, vandalism)
sample mixing) • Pests (rodents, insects)

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AREAS OF CONCERN AREAS OF CONCERN

FOR RISK ASSESSMENT FOR RISK ASSESSMENT

• From outside the building, nearby activities, • From the building structure
natural hazards and its services:
o What can happen as a result of your location? obadly designed, faulty or
e.g., proximity to: flood-prone areas; hazardous material production, poorly maintained
storage or use; major transportation routes; power plants, etc.
electrical systems and
plant;
olow resistance against
local weather conditions

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AREAS OF CONCERN AREAS OF CONCERN

FOR RISK ASSESSMENT FOR RISK ASSESSMENT

• From unstable materials in the holdings:

onitrate films, combustible materials
•From people or groups targeting an institution:
o arson, theft, terrorists acts, vandalism
Assess these in relation to the:
▪ institution’s existing security arrangements and
human access
▪ documents in the collections which might be
particularly sensitive in political or religious terms.

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AREAS OF CONCERN
FOR RISK ASSESSMENT

•From human error and

carelessness:
osmoking by individuals
oleaving water taps turned POSSIBLE RISKS TO
on
omaintenance or new RECORDS
building works being
undertaken by contractors.

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POSSIBLE RISKS TO RECORDS POSSIBLE RISKS TO RECORDS

•Water damage from dripping pipes, blocked •Pollution due to industrial accident or
gutters, or a leaking roof geothermal activity
•Isolated vandalism or theft •Abandonment of the records by their custodians
•Infestation by insects, rodents, or other pests •Delayed or inappropriate response in a disaster
•High temperature •Excessive handling
•High humidity •Mishandling or mispackaging
•Low temperature
•Low humidity

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POSSIBLE RISKS TO RECORDS
• Rising damp
• Petty theft
• Strain, distortion or tearing from inappropriate
packaging or shelving
• Exposure to light
• Gradual deterioration overtime through exposure to
fluctuations of temperature and humidity
• Wear from normal access and use
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RISK ANALYSIS
• The risk analysis step will assist in
determining which risks have a greater
consequence or impact than others.
• Risk Analysis helps you understand risk, so
that you can manage it, and minimize
disruption to your events.
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RISK ANALYSIS
What is risk analysis?
•Risk analysis involves combining the possible
consequences, or impact, of an event,
•with the likelihood of that event occurring. The
result is a ‘level of risk’. That is:
Risk = consequence x likelihood
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POSSIBLE RISKS TO RECORDS
• Mold
• Loss of access to technology –
dependent records as formats become obsolete
• Lack of information control
• Loss of information control
• Accidental destruction
• Contamination by cleaning chemicals or sewerage
leaks
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RISK ANALYSIS
•Risk is made up of two things: the probability of
something going wrong, and the negative
consequences that will happen if it does.
•You carry out a Risk Analysis by first identifying
the possible threats that you face, and by then
estimating the likelihood that these threats will
materialize.
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RISK ANALYSIS
RISK PROBABILITY
• Probability involves deciding how likely it is
that the risk will occur.
•Determining the probability of a particular
disaster occurring in the office and the effects
that the disaster may have on the operations of
your office or your records
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RISK ANALYSIS RISK ANALYSIS

•RISK PROBABILITY CATEGORIES

• High probability: the risk might occur once
RISK IMPACT
every one to two years • Impact is an estimate of the severity of adverse
effects, the magnitude of a loss, or the potential
• Medium probability: the risk might occur once
opportunity cost should a risk be realized.
every three to five years
• Low probability: the risk might occur less
frequently than once in five years.

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RISK ANALYSIS RISK ANALYSIS

RISK IMPACT CATEGORIES

Where do our risks fit on the spectrum?
• High impact: the organization might be forced to
terminate activities as a result of a catastrophic
failure or occurrence defined by the risk
How likely?

• Medium impact: the organization would continue

but the risk will have significantly effected its
performance, timescales or costs
• Low impact: the impact would be small and How bad?
easily managed at a relatively routine level
within the organization

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RISK ANALYSIS

RISK PROBABILITY VS RATE ALL RISKS ACCORDING TO PROBABILITY AND

THE IMPACT ON THE COLLECTION
RISK IMPACT •What risks are most likely to occur and will have
the greatest impact on the collection.
RISK PROBABILITY RISK IMPACT
•Use the historical information and on-site
inspection data gathered.
DEFINITION The chance that a The cost when
risk will occur a risk does
occur

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REVIEW THE HISTORY OF DISASTERS IN THE AGENCY AND COMMUNITY

Step 1 - Task One

Review the history of disasters in the agency and

community • Make a list of known disasters that have occurred in
• What types of emergencies have occurred in the the past, what impact did the disaster have on the
community, at your facility, or nearby? (for example, agency?
fire, flood, accidents, etc.) • Identify community risks that might affect the agency if
• Study what events occur more often. they occur again.

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RISK ANALYSIS

HISTORY OF DISASTERS IN THE AGENCY •Calculate the impact by knowing the

Type of Damage Or Impact Cause Date and duration
consequence of risk identified.
Disaster
Flood in Entire storage area wet, Typhoon with heavy October 1978 •Categorize the risks - high, medium, low.
archives shelves collapsed, most rains 2 wks dealing with water
records water damaged damaged facilities and
records
•This will assist in determining what risks to deal
Fire Part of the building burnt, lost Construction works March 1985 with first (either prevent or prepare for).
several records and equipment from adjacent 12 hours of fire,
from fire and water damage building 4 days of clean up at archives

Bomb Staff hurt, building and records Planted bomb at the December 1991
Explosion damaged comfort room 2 days service closed, 1 month
recuperation
2 wks investigation

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RISK ANALYSIS RISK ANALYSIS

RISK PROBABILITY IMPACT TOTAL CATEGORY OF RISK PROBABILITY IMPACT TOTAL CATEGORY OF
Event and high-low High-low Number RISK Event and high-low High-low Number RISK
Consequence (3-1) (3-1) (High 5- 6, Consequence (3-1) (3-1) (High 5-6,
Medium 3-4,
Medium 3-4, Low 1-2)
Low 1-2) Flood – Records
Earthquake - water damaged 3 3 6 HIGH
Shelves 2 3 5 HIGH
Collapsed
Bomb Explosion
Fire – building & – Staff, building 2 2 4 MEDIUM
records burnt 3 3 6 HIGH and records
damaged

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RISK ANALYSIS

RISK PROBABILITY IMPACT TOTAL CATEGORY

RISK TREATMENT
Event and high-low (3-1) High-low Number OF RISK • Risk Treatment is the process of selecting and
Consequence (3-1) (High 5-6, implementing of measures to modify risk. Risk
Medium 3-4,
Low 1-2) treatment involves identifying options for
Water leak- treating or controlling risk, in order to either
records in 2 2 4 MEDIUM
storage
reduce or eliminate negative consequences, or
damaged to reduce the likelihood of an adverse
occurrence.

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RISK TREATMENT

TYPES OF RISK TREATMENT STRATEGIES Tips for implementing risk treatments

•Avoidance Strategies – these strategies seek to
completely prevent a potential risk from
occurring or impacting on a company at all.
•Minimization Strategies – these strategies seek
to minimize the impact of a risk on a product or
organization, so that as little as possible
damage is done.
•When implementing the risk treatment plan,
ensure that adequate resources are available,
and define a timeframe, responsibilities and a
method for monitoring progress against the plan
•Physically check that the treatment
implemented reduces the residual risk level
•In order of priority, undertake remedial
measures to reduce the risk.
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PREPARE AN ACTION PLAN DEAL WITH DISASTER WHICH WE HAVE NO

In developing the action plan:
•Consider those identified risks which you have
some control (water leaks, poor security, pests,
fire hazards, etc.)
•Deal with disasters which you have no control
(flood, earthquake, fire from outside, etc.)
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CONTROL
• Reduce the risks
• Reduce the impact
•Prepare well for the event should it occur
• Have an action plan that are realistic in terms of
funds, equipment, time and staff.
• Give highest priority to high risk category when it
comes to developing actions, and allocating time
and money to implement those actions
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ACTION PLAN PROTECTION AGAINST DISASTER

RISK ACTION RESOURCES ASSIGNED TO DUE BY
Requirement Explanation Examples of risk
Fire Install fire extinguisher P80,000.00 Security Officer End of June Records must be • Much of the Philippines is • Physical damage from
Repair faulty wiring End of Feb. located as far as vulnerable to disasters earthquakes, subsidence, or
P22,000.00 possible from such as floods, volcanic eruptions.
Earthquake Maintain good Shelving P33,000.00 Storage Manager End of Dec.
natural and man- earthquakes, fires, and • Water damage from floods,
made hazards volcanic eruptions. leaks and tsunamis
Flood Repair drainage P11,000.00 Plumber End of April • Disasters for records can • Fire and explosions in
Raise shelving P 6,500.00 Storage Mgr. - do - also include less dramatic adjacent sites.
incidents which are just as • Places or buildings which
Bomb Explosion Install security system P25,000.00 Security Officer End of damaging, such as leaks, attract rodents, insects, and
August spills or insect infestation other pests
• Plants or factories emitting
Leak Repair roof P 3,000.00 Maintenance May 1 harmful gases, smoke, or
dust

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PROTECTION AGAINST DISASTER PROTECTION AGAINST DISASTER

Requirement Explanation Examples of risk Requirement Explanation Examples of risk

Storage areas must • A storage area is an area • Records are
be used only for designated for storage of mistaken for Storage areas • Internal hazards may • Fire
records. It may be a non-record
records storage freestanding bldg., a sole material. must be free of include finishes or
purpose room within a bldg, internal hazards furnishings, chemicals, • Floods due to burst or
or a designated area within a • Theft or
larger storage space. vandalism electrical plants, blocked pipes
overhead pipes,
• If records are stored with • Damage through plumbing. If storage
other material which must be inappropriate
accessed frequently, or handling areas contain such • Contamination from
which requires different • Damage or hazards this places chemicals or
conditions, then it will be
more difficult to maintain
contamination
from non-record
records at increased risk. sewerage.
suitable fire protection, material or
security, and environmental equipment
controls. stored nearby.

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PROTECTION AGAINST DISASTER PROTECTION AGAINST DISASTER

Requirement Explanation Examples of risk Requirement Explanation Examples of risk

Access to records All records require a basic
storage areas must level of security to ensure
be controlled and their authenticity and
restricted to integrity, and to prevent
authorized staff misuse. In many cases
normal bldg. security
measures that prevent
public access to records
stack areas will be
sufficient.
Theft, vandalism or Records must be
misuse of records. stored using shelving
or equipment
appropriate to the
format and size of the
items
Suitable shelving or • Shelf collapse in an
storage equipment earthquake or flood
enhance safe access • Breaking, tearing, or
to records, while other physical
providing overall damage to records.
support to items and • Mold or water
protecting them from damage due to rising
physical, chemical damp.
and mechanical • Strain, distortion and
damage tearing due to lack of
support.

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PROTECTION AGAINST DISASTER

Requirement

A disaster management
Explanation

A disaster management plan and

Examples of Risk

Loss of records due to

plan and procedures
must be in place, kept
procedures specify how records
will be protected from disaster.
current, and known to The plan will include information
staff. about disaster prevention.
To be useful, the plan must be
tested and reviewed at regular
intervals to keep it up to date.
Staff should be familiar with the
plan, so that they are able to
follow it.
MONITOR AND REVIEW
delayed response or
preventable risk.
• Monitor and review is an essential and integral
step in the risk management process.
Damage to records
from inappropriate
• Agencies must monitor risks and review the
response or recovery effectiveness of the treatment plan, strategies
activity.
and management system that have been set up
to effectively manage risk.

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METHODS OF DISASTER PREVENTION

•Monitoring of temperature and humidity
PREVENTION •Safe storage of records
•Fire prevention
MEASURES •Monitoring for water leaks
•Flood plain designation
•Evacuation plans and emergency lights

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INCORPORATE PREVENTIVE ACTION INTO PREVENTION MEASURES – WATER

THE AGENCY MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE
•If the building is in an area known to be at risk of
•Develop or review your maintenance procedures flooding, records should be stored on the first
and schedules for the building and the records. floor or above. Ideally, they should be relocated
•All the preventive actions should be incorporated to another building less at risk.
into this maintenance procedures and schedules. •Shelving should be raised off the ground to
•Keep a record of any problems as they occur and avoid damage from minor flooding or leaks.
are rectified.

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PREVENTION MEASURES – WATER
•Roofing, guttering and drains for rainwater
should be in good condition and regularly
checked and maintained to prevent water
entering the building.
•Water tanks and pipe work inside the building
should be in good condition and regularly
checked and maintained to prevent leaks.
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PREVENTION MEASURES – WATER
•Regularly inspect the storage areas to
determine if susceptible to flooding or water
leaks.
•Locate all your drains and have them checked
regularly.
•Try not to store records in carpeted areas.
Carpet retains water and prevent drainage
•Try not to store records in areas that have
exposed sewer pipes.
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PREVENTION MEASURES – FIRE
•Prohibit smoking in or around records storage
areas.
•Do not store records with chemicals, cleaning
supplies etc.
•Do not store records by a furnace, heaters or
radiator.
•Store flammable and combustible materials in
a safe, cool place, out of sunlight and inside
cabinets for hazardous materials.
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PREVENTION MEASURES – WATER
•Pipe work should not run through storage areas.
This includes all plumbing and central heating
water pipes.
•Storage areas should not be directly below water
tanks, boilers or pipe work.
•Basement storage should be avoided. Where
used, it needs special attention to prevent
flooding.
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PREVENTION MEASURES – FIRE
•Fire prevention is the first line of defense in
preventing destruction or irreversible damage
to records.
•Areas where records are stored should be
solidly built and must avoid the risk of fire.
• Storerooms should be assessed for risks from
fire and suitable counter measures put in
place.
• These include fire-resistant doors, walls, ceilings, floors and windows.
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PREVENTION MEASURES
Animal/Insect Invasion
•Conduct building inspection to identify and
block all potential points of animal or bird
entry.
•Place strong, fine mesh screening over all
necessary openings – such as windows or
skylights, ventilators and screened doors for all
external doorways.
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PREVENTION MEASURES
Animal/Insect Invasion
PREVENTION MEASURES
•Ban eating in areas containing records or Theft
computers. • Identify staff responsible for locking windows and
doors at closing time.
•Regular and thorough cleaning of ceilings,
walls, floors and all furniture. • Strict control of all building keys, with locks changed
when keys are lost.
• Strict supervision of non-staff who enters
the building, especially of cleaners and maintenance
workers
• Limited access to systems, either by the use of
password or locks.

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PREVENTION MEASURES
Specific Media Format – Paper
•Vital records with long retention periods or which
are generated in high volumes can be
microfilmed. VITAL RECORDS
PROGRAM
•Fax transmissions received on thermal paper,
which have long retention periods or vital, should
be photocopied onto plain paper.
•Keep paper records in file cabinets or drawers
when not in use.

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WHAT IS A
VITAL RECORDS PROGRAM?

VITAL RECORDS PROGRAM •An effective vital records program is essential to

• A vital records management program is
instituted to prevent the loss of information
critical to the daily operations of government, to
permit the government to continue functioning
during a calamity, or to reestablish services
afterward.
successful records management, is an integral
part of the Agency's information resources
management program, and is one of the
emergency preparedness responsibilities of
every Agency.

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WHAT ARE VITAL RECORDS IDENTIFYING VITAL RECORDS

• Those records you would • Vital or Essential records – records needed
need, after a disaster, in within 72 hours after an emergency.
order to continue your
othose which are critical to operations and may
mission.
be extremely difficult to replace, or incur a
• The records you need to significant cost to reproduce
service both your internal Examples: Policies and Procedures,
Contracts, Payroll

and external customers. • Important records - those which could be

recreated with some level of resources

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IDENTIFYING VITAL RECORDS

•Useful records – records which can be easily

replaced. Time and cost of reproducing or
accessing is minimal, because the records are
readily available at other locations.
•Non-essential records – records of little or no
TYPES OF VITAL
value, and probably should never have been
retained. RECORDS

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TYPES OF VITAL RECORDS

TYPES OF VITAL RECORDS EMERGENCY OPERATIONS RECORDS

EMERGENCY OPERATING RECORDS Examples:

• Emergency/ Continuity of Operations (COOP) Plan or
•Records essential to the continued functioning Business Continuity Plan.
of an organization during (emergency response • Staff contact and assignment information. Regularly
activities) and after an emergency to ensure update changes in name, address, phone numbers,
the continuation of the organization etc.
• Orders of succession and delegations of authority.
• Policy, procedural, and systems manuals.
• List of credit card holders to purchase needed
supplies.

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TYPES OF VITAL RECORDS
EMERGENCY OPERATIONS RECORDS
Electronic Format
• Website & E-Mail - To communicate with and provide
information to your employees and your customers.
Have website and e-mail access available from
alternate site
• Database with up-to-date emergency contact
information for all staff
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TYPES OF VITAL RECORDS
RIGHTS AND INTERESTS RECORDS
• Payroll and accounts receivable
• Social Security and retirement
• Public safety records
• Titles, deeds, and contracts
• Licenses and long-term permits
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ASSESS THE THREAT TO VITAL RECORDS
•Identify the risks involved if
vital records are retained at
their current locations and in
their current media — and the
difficulty of reconstituting
them if they are destroyed.
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TYPES OF VITAL RECORDS
RIGHTS AND INTERESTS RECORDS
•Records essential to the protection of the legal
and financial rights of an organization and of the
individuals directly affected by the
organization's activities.
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ASSESS THE THREAT TO VITAL RECORDS
The first step is to identify specific risks, such as:
•facility and equipment hazards that can result in
flooding to records storage areas,
•risky storage practices that increase the risk of
fire, and periodic electric storms or tornados
that could endanger digitally stored vital
records.
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UPDATING VITAL RECORDS
•Old records should be replaced with updated
records
•Rotate/cycle on a regular basis so the latest
version will be available in the event of a
disaster
•Must be updated often
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PHYSICAL THREAT ASSESSMENT INSPECTION OF THE BUILDING

Identify physical threats to office and records
storage areas.
Examples:
•Building Security
•This regular inspection ought cover both the
•Earthquake Bracing building and the materials there in.
•Fire Alarms
•If this exercise is performed professionally, it will
•Water Lines and Drains be possible to detect any faulty equipment, decay
•Fire Suppression System or leakage in the walls long before any disaster
has occurred.
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PROTECT THE FACILITY PROTECT THE RECORDS

•Fire Resistant File Cabinets •If leaks from above
and Safes are detected,
•Sprinkler Systems place plastic
•Smoke and Intrusion Alarms sheeting over
•Fire Resistant Vaults affected stack
•Key Control areas.

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OPTIONS FOR PROTECTION

•Duplication and Dispersal
o Natural/Built in
METHODS OF o On-Site/Off-Site Storage/Backups
•Reproduction
PROTECTION o Microfilm
o Scanning
o Photocopying
•Environmental Controls
•Choice of Equipment and Storage Location
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METHODS OF PROTECTION DUPLICATION METHOD

Routine, •It is a scheduled reproduction of vital records or
Automatic Dispersal Planned information specifically performed for their
Dispersal
Headquarters protection.
Vault
office
•The duplication of vital records or information
Local offices
$
$
does not always have to be a duplication of the
Duplication Evacuation
original media: i.e. paper, microforms, or
electronic format.

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DUPLICATION METHOD

The primary methods of duplicating records

DISPERSAL METHOD
•Photocopying •Routine distribution of vital information can be
•Microfilming accomplished by sending records to multiple
•Copying to magnetic tape or disk locations.
•Imaging, scanning or printing •For example: records can be sent to a district
office, person or court.

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METHODS OF PROTECTION
DISPERSAL METHOD

•Planned distribution of vital information can be Examples of Storage Options:

accomplished by automatically sending the
records that were created to a designated site
or records center for their protection.
•On-site storage in vaults, fire-resistant
containers, or secure central file rooms
•Off-site storage at another office, in a Records
Center, in a "hot" or “cold” site, in a commercial
storage facility

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ON-SITE STORAGE METHOD OFF–SITE STORAGE METHOD

•On-site storage involves •If storing vital records off-site, the
housing vital records in fire facility should be in a safe location
resistant housings or file at sufficient distance from the
rooms (vaults) with main office to be unaffected by the
appropriate suppression same disasters but close enough
systems and security. for the convenient delivery of
records.

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OFF–SITE STORAGE METHOD OFF–SITE STORAGE METHOD

•Hot site - •Cold site -

•An area identified prior to an
emergency/disaster as the operation center or
meeting place from which the office staff will
continue operations or restart normal
operations.
•Hot sites contain everything your office has
identified as critical for operation ready for
immediate use.
•An area identified as a back-up location in case
the original office is unusable after a disaster.
•It differs from a hot site in that there is no pre-
purchase of equipment or supplies which are
stored at the cold site prior to an emergency.

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WORKSHOP

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RISK ASSESSMENT
RISK PROBABILITY IMPACT TOTAL CATEGORY OF
Event and High-Low High-low Number RISK
Consequence (3-1) (High 6,
(3-1) Medium 4,
Low 2)
Flood – Records
3 3 6 HIGH
water damaged
Bomb Explosion
– Staff, building 2 2 4 MEDIUM
and records
damaged

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ACTION PLAN
RISK ACTION RESOURCES ASSIGNED TO DUE BY

Fire Install fire P80,000.00 Security Officer End of

extinguisher June
Repair faulty wiring P22,000.00 End of
Feb.
Earthquake Maintain Good P33,000.00 Storage Manager End of
Shelving Dec.
Flood Repair drainage P11,000.00 Plumber End of
Raise shelving P 6,500.00 Storage Mgr. April
- do -
Bomb Explosion Install security system P25,000.00 Security Officer End of
August

Leak Repair roof P 3,000.00 Maintenance May 1

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