PROJECT : PAGE :

CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
Retaining Wall Design Based on ACI 530-99 & ACI 318-02

INPUT DATA & DESIGN SUMMARY

SPECIAL INSPECTION ( 0=NO, 1=YES ) 1 Yes
TYPE OF MASONRY ( 1=CMU, 2=BRICK ) 1 CMU
MASONRY STRENGTH fm' = 1.5 ksi
CONCRETE STRENGTH fc' = 4.5 ksi
REBAR YIELD STRESS fy = 60 ksi
LATER SOIL PRESSURE Pa = 30 pcf (equivalent fluid pressure)
PASSIVE PRESSURE Pp = 400 psf / ft
SURCHARGE WEIGHT ws = 100 psf
SERVICE LATERAL FORCE wLat = 20 psf
FRICTION COEFFICIENT µ = 0.3
ALLOW SOIL PRESSURE Qa = 3 ksf
THICKNESS OF TOP STEM tt = 8 in
THICKNESS OF KEY & STEM tb = 12 in
TOE WIDTH LT = 3 ft
HEEL WIDTH LH = 6 ft
HEIGHT OF FENCE STEM HF = 4 ft
HEIGHT OF TOP STEM HT = 3.3 ft
HEIGHT OF BOT. STEM HB = 5.5 ft
FOOTING THICKNESS hf = 12 in
KEY DEPTH hk = 12 in [THE WALL DESIGN IS ADEQUATE.]
SOIL OVER TOE hp = 12 in
TOP STEM REINF. (As,1) # 6 @ 16 in o.c.
As,1 LOCATION (0=at soil face, 1=at middle, 2=at each face) 2 at each face
BOT. STEM REINF. (As,2) # 7 @ 8 in o.c.
As,2 LOCATION (0=at soil face, 1=at middle, 2=at each face) 2 at each face
TOP REINF.OF FOOTING (As,3) # 6 @ 20 in o.c., (Caution > 18" o.c. max. ACI 7.12.2.2)
BOT. REINF.OF FOOTING (As,4) # 5 @ 14 in

ANALYSIS
SERVICE LOADS
Hb = 0.5 Pa (HT + HB + hf)2 = 1.44 kips
Hs = ws Pa (HT + HB + hf) / γb = 0.29 kips
Hp = 0.5 Pp (hp + hf + hk)2 = 1.80 kips
HLat = wLat (HF + HT + HB - hp) = 0.24 kips
W s = ws (LH + tb - tt) = 0.63 kips
W b = [HT (LH + tb - tt) + HB LH] γb = 5.39 kips
W f = hf (LH + tb + LT) γc = 1.50 kips
W k = hk tb γc = 0.15 kips
W w,t = tt (HT +HF) γm = 0.54 kips
W w,b = tb HB γm = 0.61 kips

FACTORED LOADS
γHb = 1.6 Hb = 2.30 kips
γHs = 1.6 Hs = 0.47 kips
γHLat = 1.6 HLat = 0.38 kips
γW s = 1.6 Ws = 1.01 kips OVERTURNING MOMENT
γW b = 1.2 Wb = 6.47 kips H γH y Hy γH y
γW f = 1.2 Wf = 1.80 kips Hb 1.44 2.30 3.27 4.71 7.53
γW k = 1.2 Wk = 0.18 kips Hs 0.29 0.47 4.90 1.44 2.30
γW w,t = 1.2 Ww,t = 0.64 kips HLat 0.24 0.38 7.90 1.86 2.98
γW w,b = 1.2 Ww,b = 0.73 kips S 1.97 3.15 8.01 12.82
RESISTING MOMENT
W γW x Wx γW x
Ws 0.63 1.01 6.83 4.33 6.92
Wb 5.39 6.47 6.94 37.38 44.86 OVERTURNING FACTOR OF SAFETY
Wf 1.50 1.80 5.00 7.50 9.00
Wx
Wk 0.15 0.18 3.50 0.53 0.63 SF   6.70 > 1.5
W w,t 0.54 0.64 3.33 1.78 2.14 Hy [Satisfactory]
W w,b 0.61 0.73 3.50 2.12 2.54
S 8.81 10.83 53.64 66.09
CHECK SOIL BEARING CAPACITY (ACI 318-02 SEC.15.2.2)
L Wx  Hy
L  LT  t b  L H = 10.00 ft e  = ### ft
2 W
  6e 
 W  1  L 
   , for e  L
q MAX  BL 6 = 0.79 ksf < Qa [Satisfactory]
 W L
 , for e 
 3B(0.5L  e ) 6
CHECK FLEXURE CAPACITY FOR MASONRY STEM (ACI 530-99 SEC.1.8.2.1, & 2.3)

3 2
y y ws At top srem At base of bottom stem
M  Pa  Pa  M Lat = 0.88 ft-kips , 6.20 ft-kips
6 2 b

P W w = 0.54 kips , 1.14 kips

1  kd   te   kd   t e kd  
M allowable  MIN  b wkd F b  d    P  d   , AsF s  d   P  
 2  3   2   3   2 3 
At top stem At base of bottom stem
where te = 7.63 in , 11.63 in
d = 4.41 in , 8.33 in
bw = 12 in , 12 in
Fb = 0.495 ksi , 0.495 ksi
Fs = 24 ksi , 24 ksi
2
As = 0.33 in , 0.9 in2
ρ = 0.006 , 0.009
Em = 1350 ksi , 1350 ksi
Es = 29000 ksi , 29000 ksi
n = 21.48 21.48
k = 0.40 0.46
and M allowable = 1.64 ft-kips , 6.42 ft-kips
> M > M
[Satisfactory] [Satisfactory]

CHECK SHEAR CAPACITY FOR MASONRY STEM (ACI 530-99 SEC.2.3.5.2.2)

2 At top srem At base of bottom stem
y w y
V  P a  s P a  V Lat = 0.41 kips , 1.66 kips
2 b

V allow able  d bwMIN  f

'
m , 50  = 2.05 kips , 3.87 kips

> V > V
[Satisfactory] [Satisfactory]

CHECK HEEL FLEXURE CAPACITY, AS,3, FOR FOOTING (ACI 318-02 SEC.15.4.2, 10.2, 10.5.4, 7.12.2, 12.2, & 12.5)

 0.85 1 f 'c 87  0.0018 h f

 MAX  0.75   =  MIN  =
 fy 87  f
0.023
2 d
0.001
 y 
 L    q u ,3  2q u, heel  b L H
2
LH  L
 H   w s   wb  wf   , for eu 
 2  L  6 6
M u ,3   = 8.35 ft-kips
 LH   q u ,3b S
2
LH  L
 2   ws   wb  wf  , for eu 
  L  6 6
 M u ,3 
0.85 f c 1  1  
'
 0.383
'
bd 2 f c
   = 0.002
fy

where d = 8.63 in qu, toe = 1.14 ksf

eu = 0.08 ft qu, heel = 1.03 ksf
S = n/a qu, 3 = 0.83 ksf

( A S, 3 ) required = 0.22 in2 / ft < A S, 3 [Satisfactory]

CHECK TOE FLEXURE CAPACITY, AS,4, FOR FOOTING (ACI 318-02 SEC.15.4.2, 10.2, 10.5.4, 7.12.2, 12.2, & 12.5)

 0.85 1 f 'c 87  4 0.0018 h f 

 MAX  0.75    MIN  MIN   ,
d 
= =
 fy 87  f
0.023
3 2
0.001
 y 

q  2q u ,toe  b LT2 2
 LT  w f
M u ,4 
u ,4
= 3.95 ft-kips
6 2L
where d = 8.69 in
qu, 4 = 0.90 ksf
 M u ,4 
0.85 f c 1  1  
'
 0.383
'
bd 2 f c
   = 0.001
fy

( A S, 4 ) required = 0.13 in2 / ft < A S, 4 [Satisfactory]

CHECK KEY CAPACITY FOR FOOTING

1.5 (Hb + Hs + HLat) = 2.96 kips < Hp + µ ΣW = 4.44 kips

[Satisfactory]

Techincal References:
1. "Masonry Designers' Guide, Third Edition" (MDG-3), The Masonry Society, 2001.
2. Alan Williams: "Structural Engineering Reference Manual", Professional Publications, Inc, 2001.
3. Alan Williams: "Structural Engineering License Review Problems and Solutions", Oxford University Press, 2003.