Policy for Curriculum and Competencies

in the 4th Industrial Revolution

(4-IR)
HE Prof Mohamad Nasir, PhD., AK.
Minister for Research, Technology and Higher Education

Education World Forum 2018

London, United Kingdom, 22 January 2018

THE MINISTRY OF RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY AND HIGHER EDUCATION (MORTHE)

THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
 Introducing the 4th Industrial Revolution (4-IR) into
01
INDONESIA

Indonesian Science, Technology and Higher

02
Education Policy and Programs 2015 - 2019

Contents 03
Specific Policies and Programs that support
the 4-IR in Indonesia

Digital Learning Process in the 4-IR

04

05 Preparing Human Resources for supporting 4-IR

2
01 INTRODUCING THE 4-IR INTO INDONESIA

3
An overview of Indonesia - i
• Indonesia is the biggest Economy in ASEAN and responsible for
one-third of the lo ’s total GDP.
• Indonesian population has 257 million people and consists of
17,500 islands.
• Indonesia has a large domestic consumption base that along
with investment and Government spending have been the main
drives of Indonesia continued growth, estimated at 5.05 % for
2017 by the Bank of Indonesia.
• Endowed by abundant natural resources and growing industrial
se tors, I do esia is o e of the regio ’s ost i porta t
investment destinations.

Source:
https://toplink.weforum.org/knowledge/insight/a1Gb0000000LihrEAC/explore/summary

4
 An overview of Indonesia - ii
 I do esia’s manufacturing sector is currently the 11th largest in the
world and accounts for over 20% of national GDP.
 With mining and agricultural products contributing a large share of
I do esia’s e ports, the ou tr ’s Stru ture of Produ tio is
relatively low in complexity.
 Indonesia has room for improvement across the Drivers of
Production, with the exception of Demand Environment, where it
ranks in the Top 20.
 Fueled by a population of over 260 million, the domestic and
foreign markets for Indonesian manufactured products are vast.
Yet human capital is both a strength and challenge for Indonesia.
 One of the ountry’s iggest hallenges is developing the right
skill sets within its current workforce as production shifts from a
Source: The Readiness for the Future of labor-intensive to a knowledge intensive environment.
Production Report 2018,
the World Economic Forum’s System
Therefore, the Indonesian MoRTHE is now developing technical
Initiative on Shaping the Future of vocational higher education to produce skillful workers.
Production.
.
5
An overview of Indonesia - iii
• In order to further stimulate the adoption of
emerging technologies into its production systems,
Indonesia continuously improve (i) the ability to
innovate through increased spending on R&D, (ii)
broaden access to the internet and (iii) enhancing
cyber security protection.
• Indonesia benefits from relatively high levels of
foreign direct investment (FDI), and keep on fixing
the infrastructure gaps.
• Furthermore, a strengthened institutional
framework and governance will need to be a crucial
enabler.

Source: Rephrase from The Readiness for the Future of Production Report 2018,
the World Economic Forum’s System Initiative on Shaping the Future of Production.
6
 Based on the preliminary 4IR Country Readiness Evaluation,
Indonesia is considered as one of the high potential entrants

Initial mapping - country readiness Preliminary

Drivers of
Production
High Potential Entrants Global Leaders
8.0
7.5 Singapore
7.0
6.5 Japan
6.0 Korea, Rep.
Malaysia
5.5 Indonesia
5.0 China
4.5 India
4.0 Best-fit line Vietnam Thailand
3.5 Mexico
3.0 Philippines
2.5
2.0 Cambodia
1.5
1.0
0.5 Followers Legacy Champions
0.0
1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0

ASEAN Benchmark All Others Structure of

Production

1Axes are on a 10 point scale, but have been magnified to show variances between countries,
6
Source: A.T. Kearney, World Economic Forum
In 2017: Indonesia successfully improved its rank in the latest
Global Competitiveness Index
Non-Exhaustive
Global competitiveness ranking comparison
Key insights
2016/2017 2017/2018
Ranking Country Ranking
• Indonesia‟s position in the ranking is driven
mainly by its large market size (9th) and a
relatively robust
macroeconomic environment (26th)
41 36 • Indonesia is one of the top innovators
among the emerging economics
5 places
Indonesia • Indonesia‟s infrastructure index is
improving in the past 5 years thanks
to improved overall infrastructure quality,
increased mobile-cellular telephone
51 Indonesia 51 subscriptions, improved mobility (indicated by
available airline seats)
• Further advancements are needed in labor
Mexico -
market efficiency elements
Mexico e.g. limited women representation,
limited wage determination flexibility
60 55
5 places
Vietnam
Source: World Economic Forum, A.T. Kearney
8
02
INDONESIAN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND
HIGHER EDUCATION POLICY
2015 - 2019

9
 Vision
The Ministry of Research - Support national competitiveness through
Technology and Higher creation of higher quality education
combined with science & technology, and
Education (MoRTHE) innovation capability.
Vision & Mission
Missions
- Improve access, relevancy, and quality of
higher education to produce qualified
human resource; and
- Improve innovation and science &
technology capability to add value of their
product.

10
 Strategic Objective and Goals 1
• Student Mobility
of the Ministry of Research Technology and Higher Education • International Student Competition
• Mutual Recognition
Improving the quality of
HE Learning and
Student Affairs
1 • Science Techno Parks
2 • Center of Excellence
5 • World Class Universities
Objective • Revitalization of Vocational Higher
Education
To enhance the relevancy,
quantity and quality of • Scholarship programs (degree, training,
qualified human resources 3 internship, mobility lecturers and staffs)
with higher education • Infrastructure development
backgrounds, as well as to • World Class Professors Diasporas
2
empower science, technology
• Joint Research – focusing national research
and innovation, for improving 4 priorities
4 the Indonesian (national) • International Publications
competitiveness
• Technoentrepreneurship
• Innovation Incentive Programs
5 • Commercialization of RD, Innovation
3 Products
11
Indonesian Indonesian Research
Research and and Innovation System
Inovation System

Universities and 6 Non Ministerial R&D

Research and Innovation
Universities of Applied Agencies
are done by Universities
Sciences (BAPETEN, BATAN,
and Non Ministerial R&D
BPPT, BSN, LAPAN, LIPI)*
Agencies (LPNKs). Their (around 4,500
scientists play active roles universities)
in producing publications,
research products, as well
as innovations.

*) The Nuclear Energy Regulatory Agency (BAPETEN); The National Nuclear Energy Agency (BATAN); The Agency for
The Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT); The National Standardization Agency (BSN); The National
Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN); The Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)
12
 Focus Areas of National Research Master Plan
(RIRN) 2017-2045
1. Agriculture and Food

2. Energy, New and Renewable Energy

3. Health and Medicine

4. Information and Communication

5. Transportations

6. Defense and Security

7. Advance Material i.e. Nanotechnology

8. Maritime

9. Disaster Management

10. Socio Humaniora – Art and Culture– Education

http://www.bappenas.go.id/index.php?cID=5009?&kid=1423979059 13
03
SPECIFIC POLICIES AND PROGRAMS THAT
SUPPORT THE 4-IR IN INDONESIA

14

Image: from http://www.insidehr.com.au
Disruption Technology in the era of
The 4th Industrial Revolution
Most of the co pa ies use tech ology for arketi g
their products through o li e syste – The Economist,
2017
Indonesia needs to improve the quality of
skill workers by mastering digital technology
(Parray, ILO, 2017)
More than 55 % of the world
organizations state that the digital
talent gap is expanding (Linkedin,
/ 2017)
15
 DISRUPTIVE TECHNOLOGY IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Competency-based Education: Indonesian students have
various and different abilities and capabilities. Technological
assistance will help such students to select the appropriate
academic programs which fit to themselves.
The Internet of Things: will encourage communications
amongst the students, lecturers, tutors, etc, as well as
promote connectivity amongst the educational facilities, ie
research equipments, tools, machineries, libraries, open
access research centers
Virtual/Augmented Reality: will create an environment for
Indonesian students so they could work through virtual
system but with the same programs. Especially for the
complicated practicum who deals with dangerous materials
Artificial Intelligence (AI): online learning platform. Applying
AI will help Indonesian students to adjust with the required
demands that such students need.

Disruptive Innovation In Higher Education

 Indonesia Welcomes Best World Class
Universities to operate in Indonesia
and
Indonesia develops online learning and
cyber universities
04
Digital Learning Process in the 4 IR

18
 Challenges Education and work (job) should be adjusted into the
The Development of Human development of Science and Technology, but still attention “
resources in Indonesia should be given to humanism aspects
In the 4th Industrial Revolution era
(WEF, 2017)

36th /137 C’s Work fields

and Employers
3rd rank: Singapore The 4th
Indonesian 23rd rank: Malaysia Education
Industrial
Competitiveness 32nd rank: Thailand Revolution
Index
(BPS, August 2017)
Employers complains
8,8% / 618 that the employees do
thousands not have the appropriate
Unemployed university skills
graduates 72 % of Markets need the human
NO Educators resources with multiple skills,
which is so different with the
old system of higher
Reference:
58 % of Mourshed, Farrell, Barton (2012), Education to Employment: YES education
Designing a System that Works (survey 8.000 universities,
Employers and industries from 24 countries) (Marmolejo, World Bank,
2017). 19
Indonesia needs to have
New literation – facing 4-IR
 In order to produce qualified graduates,
curriculum needs a new orientation,
due to the 4th IR
 The old literacies (reading, writing and
math), have to be strengthened as well
as by adding the new literacies, if we
would like to produce qualified human
who can thrive in digital era
The strateg is ho to
convince students that the new
literacies could bring them to a
o petiti e perso ?
Are we ready?
Preparing competitive graduates
New literacies :
1. Data Literation
The ability to read, to analyze,
to use information (Big Data) in
the digital world.
2. Technology Literation
The ability to understand
mechanical (system) work, to
use the application of
technology like (Coding,
Artificial Intelligence, &
Engineering Principles).
(Aoun, MIT, 2017)
3. Human Literation
Humanities, Communication
and Design
 HUMAN LITERATION
“
Universities should
always find methods for
developing the cognitive
capacity of the students,
through implementing
higher order mental skills,
critical and system
thinking  It is
important to keep survive
in the 4th industrial
revolution
Goal: humans should be useful in their society; therefore, they need
to implement humanities approach, communication and design
Skills:
1. Leadership
2. Teamwork
Cultural Agility:
Provide students with the ability to
interact/ work in various global
environment (cross - cultural
situations)
Entrepreneurship (including social
entrepreneurship):
This should be introduced again that
Entrepreneurs be the basic capacity
which is owned by each student
How to teach in the 4th
industrial revolution era ?
(Aoun, 2017)
• 1. Thematic study on
various discipline ,
connecting it to the real
world
• 2. Through General /liberal
arts Education.
--------------------------------------
• Internship/co-operation
program (ie. higher order
skills, leadership, team
work) (Northeastern, 2014)
21
 Solution
GEN- IR 4.0
Program Co-
General Education + The 4th Industrial & Extra
“Revolution Competency 4.0 Curricular
•Thinking critically
and systemic,
 Human literacy is part of lateral, & higher
Cognitive level
the General Education,
Ability •Entrepreneurship
which should be
mastered by the General
students. Education
 Data and technological
literation courses will be Lifelong
offered to all students learning
New
Data Literatio • Literation
Technological Literation
Hu a Literatio •

22
NEVER ENDING STUDY Lifelong learning is becoming an
economic imperative (Economist, 2017)

Lifelong Lifelong learning should be facilitated by universities, as the

Learning
certificate was received before)
“
education activity (because education will never stop though degree

 Up to now, there have been many universities

which facilitate the life-long learning.
 In USA: 12.8 Million students are facilitated by
special units. These are provided for advanced
students who would like to obtain more and or new
knowledge/skills/competencies, which are suitable
to dynamic technologies or jobs requirements.

23
One solution: Academic Learning 4.0 Tuition Fee is
BLENDED LEARNING continuously
It is facilitated by SPADA & IdREN through Video Conference, Online increased
Learning, Resource Sharing 79,5% n=448 responden

• Tuition fee is more expensive Source: Kompas R&D Center

• Numbers of lecturers are limited 15 Des 17
• Numbers of students are
increased Ratio of Lecturers; Students

The solution Advanced Countries

INDONESIA
• Optimally utilize ICT, in order to State Sciences 1:20
improve productivity of learning 1 : 15 Uni Others 1:30
(effective and efficient), with Sciences 1:30
1: 8 JAPAN Private
continuously keep the quality. Uni
1: 9 USA Others 1:40
• Harmonization and or developing
the existing regulation. (Times Higher Education, 2017)

“One Professor
Thousand Students”
One lecturer (which is accompanied by tutor/assistant/mentor, could teach a big class.
On the other hand, a lecturer could teach certain program study in universities with lack of
lecturers..
24
 The Ministry of Research Technology and Higher
SPADA It is an on line learning
system in Indonesia
Education (MoRTHE) facilitates connectivity easiness
through IdREN (backbone)
Indonesia

Students/ SPADA
Society

01 02
MANAJEMEN

SPADA 03 SISTEM INFORMASI

http://kuliahdaring.ristekdikti.go.id/ TEKNIK INFORMATIKA

AKUNTANSI

04
Study
Certificate/ 06 Program /
Credit Transfer Courses
06
05 Materials
Final exam (Video Audio Lectures, PPT, Handbooks, Online
Text and Notes) 25
Implementation
OPEN STUDY ON LINE STUDY
SPADA OPEN CURRICULUM
PROGRAM
Indonesia 2017
172 142 253
UNIVERSITIES
TOP 5 UNIVERSITIES that implement University Partners
SPADA

51 116
UNY UM UNPAD UMY UNESA
400 382 6.927 students
350
300 Number of Students in SPADA BINUS 2017
250 239 20
195
200 167 15
16 16
150 105
10 Total
100 75 60 Jml Mhs
Students
10 10
50 15 21 21 5 Lulus
Students
5 2 5 1 3 passed the
exams
0
0
2015 UI 2016 ITB 2017 PERBANAS
Network Governance Knowledge Data
Program Registered Exam Students passed
MK
Study PTPartners
Mitra Mhs Daftar Mhs Ujian
Students Mhsthe
Lulus Discovery
students exams
26
Policies Curriculum Reorientation
HIGHER EDUCATION • New Literature (data, technology and humanities) is
IN THE 4TH INDUSTRIAL developed and taught.
REVOLUTION ERA • Extra curricular activities in order to develop the
leadership skill and team work, should be
implemented
• Entrepreneurship and internship is compulsory.

Hybrid/Blended Learning, Online

Applying Hybrid/Blended Learning through SPADA-
IdREN.
Establishing Life-long Learning unit
It is recommended that higher education institutions
have working unit for providing life-long learning
services

Providing grants and technical guidance services

for curriculum reorientation (GEN-RI 4.0) for 400
universities
27
04
PREPARING HUMAN RESOURCES
for supporting 4-IR

28
 Relevancy of Higher Education in Indonesia and 4-IR
 Status: Indonesia will prepare the programs of Human Resources Qualification which will be
relevant to the national and industrial development in Indonesia
Current Condition that needs to be improved:
• Every year LPTK (Institutes for Teacher Education) produces more than 250.000 teachers. However, at
present only 15 % of it, become the professional teachers.
• Technical Engineer graduates, who are accepted in the work place, only 50 percent from its number.
• Eight hundreds (800.000) midwives have been graduated from 400 midwives study programs. Unfortunately,
the number of death toll for pregnant women is still increased.

• In some cases, the quality, competency and skills of the higher education graduates, is not matched to the needs for
the national development and industry
• National Statistic Bureau (BPS) Data per August 2017 showed that 618 thousands of fresh graduates are
unemployed. The total are 7 millions of unemployed graduates, out of 128 millions of unemployed people.

Vocational DIPLOMA: Universities

School 6.8% 5.18%
11.41%

The 4th Industrial Revolution in Indonesia, will influence the appropriate

human resources for supporting the national development
 Expected qualifications of lectures with the strong
DOSEN
competencies:4.0
SOFT SKILLS (4C): SCIENCE COMMUNICATION: EDUCATIONAL COMPETENCE

• CRITICAL THINKING • SCIENCE FOR SCIENCE • COMPETENCE IN RESEARCH

• CREATIVE COMMUNITY • COMPETENCE FOR DIGITAL BUSINESS
• COMMUNICATION • SCIENCE FOR PUBLIC • COMPETENCE IN GLOBALIZATION
• COLLABORATION • SCIENCE FOR POLICY • COMPETENCE IN FUTURE STRATEGIES
MAKERS

POTENTIAL ROLES:

• INTEGRITY CHARACTER AND ABLE TO

DEVELOP HUMANITIES CHARACTER
• HAVING REAL EXPERIENCES
• BECOMING FRIENDS OF THE STUDENTS
• COMMITED TO FOUR PILLARS OF THE
Indonesian NATION (UUD45, Pancasila, NKRI
and Bhinneka Tunggal Ika)
• HAVING PASSIONS as The Lecturer.
• EXPERIENCE IN THE JOBS
 The infrastructure development is needed to
develop CREATIVE DAN INNOVATIVE THINKING

The development of The building of e-

Teaching Industry library infrastructure

The development of
Massive Open Online
Course (MOOC)
infrastructure

The Development of
SCIENCE AND INNOVATION MUSEUM
Thank You