urine tests-WBCs present with infection and inflammation

0.1-1.0
total bilirubin
-increase with hemolytic and perniscious anemia, eclampsia
4.5-10.6
White bld cells, WBCs -inc w. infection, inflammation, stress, tissue necrosis
-dec w/ viral infections, chemo, radiation, NSAIDs
3.5-5.0
albumin -increased with multimyeloma
-decreased with loss of plasma from burns and malnutrition
usually indicate renal/kidney damage, infection or presence of
urine tests-casts
kidney stones
15-200 units
-increase in acute pancreatitis, mumps, carcinoma of the
Amylase pancreaous
-decrease w/ chronic pancreatitis, cirrohosis of the liver, acute
alcoholism
urine tests-glucose increase with diabetes or stress
Activated Partial 20-45 seconds
thromboplastin Time, APTT
or ATT -need to monitor if no heparin

135-145
Sodium, NA -inc w/ hemoconcentration, nephritis
dec w/ addisons disease, myxedema
95-105
chloride -inc w/ nephritis, urinary obsctruction, anemia
-dec w/ diabetes, burns, vomiting
urine tests-ketones diabetes with elevated bld glucose levels

Creatine phosphokinase, male50-325 female50-250

CPK or CK -inc w/ MI, IM injections, delirium tremors
urine tests-RBCs present with kidney stones, infection, inflammation
International normalizing 1-2
ratio, INR

urine tests-protein
lactic dehydrogenase
urine tests-bilirubin
platelet count
lipoproteins-total plasma
cholesterol
Creatinine
Hematocrit, Hct
need to monitor if on coumadin, when it is higher
increase with renal/kidney damage, dehydration, strenous
excercise, fever
100-225
positive with liver disorders
200,000-300,000
-inc w/ chronic granulocytic anemia
-dec w/ thrombocytopenia, purpura, during chemotherapy
desired <200
borderline 200-239
high 240
0.7-1.14
-inc w/ nephritis and chronic renal disease
males 42-50% females 40-48%
-inc w/ dehydration, hemoconcentration r/t shock
-dec w/ anemias+pregnancy, blood loss

partial thromboplastin time, 70-100% of control

protime, PT -need to monitor if on coumadin, when it it will me higher
-inc with diabetes, lipemia, jaundice,
Cholesterol
-dec with perniscious anemia, infections, hyperthyroidism

Carcinoembryonic antigen, 0-2.5

CEA -inc w/ cancer of colon rectum, pancreas and stomach

Erythrocyte sedimentation males0-9 females 0-20

rate, ESR or sed rate -inc w/ tissue distruction, pregnancy

10-20
Blood urea nitrogen, BUN -inc with dehydration
-dec with fluid excess, pregnancy
1.8-2.2
magnesium, MG -inc w/ ingestion of epsom salts
-dec w/ chronic alcoholism, severe renal disease
lipoproteins-low density desired 130
lipoproteins(LDL) borderline 130-159
cholesterol high 160
100-225
lactic dehydrogenase -inc w/ untreated pernicious anemia, MI, pulmonary infarction,
liver disease
8.5-10.5
Calcium -inc w/ tumor or hyperplasia of parathyroid, mulimyeloma
-dec w/ diarrhea, malnutrition
males 13-16 females 12-14
-inc w/ polycythemia, COPD, O2 loss becus of CHF, live in high
hemoglobin, Hgb
altitudes
-dec w/ anemias, excess fluid, hemorrhage
lipoproteins-high density
lipoprotein(HDL) desired >35
cholesterol
fasting60-110 2hrs post prandial 65-140
glucose -inc w/ diacetes, nephritis, infections, pregnancy, uremia
-dec w/vomiting addisons diseae, hepatic damage
100-150 of bld cleared of creatinine/mn
creatinine clearance
-dec w/ kidney disease
3.5-5.0
potassium, K -inc w/ addisons disease, oliguria, anuria, hemolysis
-dec w/ diahhrea, vomiting
5,000-10,000
leukocyte count -inc w/ acute infection, acute leukemia, surgury,trauma
-dec w/ aplastic anemia, toxic agents, shemotherapy
<10 severe malnutrition
10-17 moderate malnutrition
prealbumin >17 no risk for malnutrition
-short half life so more responsive indicator of malnutrition than
albumin
prostate specific antigen 0-7.2
 -increases with age, in response to prostate cancer or prostate
hypertrophy
6.0-8.0
total protein -inc w/ hemoconcentration shock
-dec w/ malnutrition, hemorrhage, plasma loss from burns
4.2-5.4
Red bld cells, RBCs -inc w/ hypoxia, dehydration, polycythemia
-dec w/ recent bleeding, kidney probs, illness