Abu Dzar Al-Ghifari

Meski tak sepopuler sahabat-sahabat besar seperti Abu Bakar, Umar, Utsman,
dan Ali, namun sosoknya tak dapat dilepaskan sebagai tokoh yang paling giat
menerapkan prinsip egaliter, kesetaraan dalam hal membelanjakan harta di jalan Allah.
Ditentangnya semua orang yang cenderung memupuk harta untuk kepentingan pribadi,
termasuk sahabat-sahabatnya sendiri.

Di masa Khalifah Utsman, pendapat kerasnya tentang gejala nepotisme dan

pemupukan harta yang terjadi dikalangan Quraisy membuat ia dikecam banyak pihak.
Sikap serupa ia tunjukkan kepada pemerintahan Muawwiyah yang menjadi gubernur
Syiria. Baginya, adalah kewajiban setiap muslim sejati menyalurkan kelebihan hartanya
kepada saudara-saudaranya yang miskin.

Kepada Muawwiyah yang membangun istana hijaunya atau Istana Al-Khizra,

Abu Dzar menegur, “Kalau anda membangun istana ini dengan uang negara, berarti anda
telah menyalahgunakan uang negara. Kalau anda membangunya dengan uang Anda
sendiri berarti Anda telah berlaku boros,” katanya. Muawwiyah hanya terdiam
mendengar teguran sahabatnya ini.

Dukungannya kepada semangat solidaritas sosial, kepedulian kalangan

berpunya kepada kaum miskin, bukan hanya dalam ucapan, seluruh sikap hidupnya ia
tunjukkan kepada upaya penumbuhan semangat tersebut. Sikap wara’ dan zuhud selalu
jadi perilaku hidupnya. Sikap inilah yang dipuji Rasulullah SAW. Saat Rasul akan
berpulang, Abu Dzar dipanggilnya. Sambil memeluk Abu Dzar, nabi berkata “Abu Dzar
akan tetap sama sepanjang hidupnya. Dia tidak akan berubah walaupun aku meninggal
nanti.” Ucapan nabi ternyata benar. Hingga akhir hayatnya kemudian, Abu Dzar tetap
dalam kesederhanaan dan sangat shaleh.

Abu Dzar terlahir dengan nama Jundab. Dulu, ia adalah seorang perampok yang
mewarisi karir orang tuanya selaku pemimpin besar perampok kafilah yang melalui jalur
itu. Teror di wilayah sekitar jalur perdagangan itu selalu dilakukannya untuk
mendapatkan harta dengan cara mudah. Hidupnya penuh dengan kejahatan dan
kekerasan. Siapapun di tanah Arab masa itu tahu, jalur perdagangan Mekkah-Syiria
dikuasai perampok suku Ghifar, sukunya.

Namun begitu, hati kecil Abu Dzar sesungguhnya tidak menerimanya.

Pergolakan batin membuatnya sangat menyesali perbuatan buruk tersebut. Akhirnya ia
melepaskan semua jabatan dan kekayaan yang dimilikinya. Kaumnya pun diserunya
untuk berhenti merampok. Tindakannya itu menimbulkan amarah sukunya. Abu Dzar
akhirnya hijrah ke Nejed bersama ibu dan saudara laki-lakinya, Anis, dan menetap di
kediaman pamannya.

Di tempatnya ini pun ia tidak lama. Ide-idenya yang revolusioner berkait

dengan sikap hidup tak mengabaikan sesama dan mendistribusikan sebagian harta yang
dimiliki, menimbulkan kebencian orang-orang sesuku. Ia pun diadukan kepada
pamannya. Kembali Abu Dzar hijrah ke kampung dekat Mekkah. Di tempat inilah ia
mendapat kabar dari Anis, tentang ajaran Rasulullah SAW dengan ajaran islam.

Abu Dzar segera menemui Rasulullah SAW. Melihat ajarannya yang sejalan
dengan sikap hidupnya selama ini, akhirnya ia pun masuk islam. Tanpa ragu-ragu, ia
memproklamirkan keislamannya di depan Ka’bah, saat semua orang masih merahasiakan
karena khawatir akan akibatnya. Tentu saja pernyataan ini menimbulkan amarah warga
Mekkah. Ia pun dipukuli dan hampir saja terbunuh jika Abbas, paman Rasulullah SAW,
tidak melerai dan mengingatkan warga Mekkah bahwa Abu Dzar adalah warga Ghifar
yang akan menuntut balas jika mereka membunuhnya.

Sejak itu, Abu Dzar menghabiskan hari-harinya untuk menacapai kejayaan

islam. Tugas pertama yang diembankan Rasul dipundaknya adalah mengajarkan islam
dikalangan sukunya. Ternyata, buikan hanya ibu dan saudaranya, namun hampir seluruh
kaumnya yang suka merampok pun akhirnya masuk islam. Sikap hidupnya yang
menentang keras segala bentuk penumpukan harta, ia sampaikan juga kepada mereka.
Namun, tak semua menyukai tindakannya itu. Di masa khalifah Utsman, ia mendapat
kecaman dari kaum Quraisy, termasuk salah satu tokohnya, Muawwiyah bin Abu Sufyan.

Suatu kali pernah Muawwiyah yang kala itu menjadi Gubernur Syiria, mengatur
perdebatan antara Abu Dzar dengan para ahli tentang sikap hidupnya. Tujuannya agar
Abu Dzar membolehkan umat menumpuk kekayaan. Namun, usaha it tak menggoyahkan
keteguhan pandangannya. Karena jengkel, Muawwiyah melaporkan kepada khalifah
Utsman ihwal Abu Dzar. Khalifah segera memanggil Abu Dzar. Memenuhi panggilan
khalifah, Abu Dzar mendapat sambutan hangat di Madinah. Namun, ia pun tidak betah
tinggal di kota nabi tersebut karena orang-orang kaya di kota itu pun tidak menyukai
seruannya untuk pemerataan kekayaan. Akhirnya Utsman meminta Abu Dzar
meninggalkan Madinah dan tinggal di Rabza, sebuah kampung kecil di jalur jalan kafilah
Irak Madinah

Di kampung inilah Abu Dzar wafat karena usia lanjut pada 8 Dzulhijjah 32
Hijriyah. Jasadnya terbaring di jalur kafilah itu hanya di tunggui jandanya. Hampir saja
tidak ada yang menguburkan sahabat Rasulullah SAW ini bila tidak ada kafilah haji yang
menuju Mekkah. Kafilah haji itu segera berhenti dan menshalati jenazah dengan imam
Abdullah bin Masud, seorang sarjana islam terkemuka pada masa itu.
 Abu Dzar Al-Ghifari

Even do not as popular as big friend like Abu Bakar, Umar, Utsman, and Ali,
but his buttonhole cannot be discharged by as most impetous figure apply the
principle egaliter, equivalence in the case of expending estae in Allah road. He
opposed every person who tend to to fertilize the estae for the sake of person,
inclusive of his own friends.

In a period of Khalifah Utsman, his ossify opinion about symptom of

nepotism and estae fertilization that happened among Quraisy make he is carped by
a lot of party. Similar attitude he show to governance Muawwiyah becoming governor
Syiria. For him, is obligation of every moslem channel the his estae excess to its yous
is impecunious.

To Muawwiyah who building his green palace or Palace Al-Khizra, Abu Dzar
admonish, "If you build this palace with the state money, meaning you have misused
the state money. If you build it with Your own money mean You have gone into effect
extravagant," he said. Muawwiyah is only kept quiet to hear his friend exhortation
this.

His support to spirit of social solidarity, caring of circle rich man to

impecunious clan, not merely in utterance, all its attitude to life, he show to plant
effort off his spirit of the attitude Wara' and zuhud always become his life behavior.
praised by this attitude of Rasulullah SAW. Moment Rasul will come home, Abu Dzar
calling of. At the same time embrace the Abu Dzar, prophet say the " Abu Dzar will
being equal as long as its life. He will not change although I die to wait the." real
correct Prophet utterance in the reality. Final till its soul then, Abu Dzar remain to in
moderation and very shaleh.

Abu Dzar borned by the name of Jundab. First, he is a robber which inherit
the its parent career as big leader of caravan robber which is passing that band.
Terror in region about that trade route always doing to get the estae by easy to. His
life full of badness and hardness. Whoever in Arab land of a period know, trade route
of Mekkah-Syiria mastered by the robber of tribe Ghifar, his tribe.

But so, Abu Dzar’s real heart do not accept it. Mind turbulence make it very
regretting of the ugly deed. Finally he discharge all position and properties owned.
His clan even also exclaiming of to desist to rob. Action of it that generate the its
tribe dander. Abu Dzar finally migrate to Nejed with mother and his brother, Anis, and
remain to in his uncle residency.

In place this even also he do not llama. His ideas was barbed revolutionary
with the attitude to life do not disregard the humanity and distribute some of estae
owned, generating dislike of tribe people. He even also informed against to his uncle.
Return the Abu Dzar migrate to near by kampong of Mekkah. In place this is he get
the news from Anis, about teaching of Rasulullah SAW with the teaching islam.

Abu Dzar immediately meet the Rasulullah SAW. See his teaching which is in
line with his attitude to life during the time, finally he even also enter the islam. By all
odds, he proclaim his religion in front of Ka'bah, everybody moment still conceal
because partying to as a result. Of course this statement generate the dander of
citizen Mekkah. He even also slapped around and stop short of killed if Abbas, uncle
of Rasulullah SAW, do not disengage and remind the citizen Mekkah that Abu Dzar is
citizen Ghifar to gotten even with if they kill him.

Since then, Abu Dzar finish his days for the get of feather in one's cap islam.
First duty that Rasul gave for his shoulder is teach the islam of among his tribe. In the
reality, not only mother and his brother, but almost entire his clan which like to rob
even also finally enter the islam. His attitude to life opposing to ossify all the form of
estae heaping, he submit also to them. But, do not all taking a fancy to his action. In
a period of khalifah Utsman, he get the lampooning from clan Quraisy, inclusive of
one of his figure, Muawwiyah Bin Abu Sufyan.

One time have Muawwiyah which that scorpion become the Governor
Syiria, arranging debate between Abu Dzar with all expert about his attitude to life.
His target so that Abu Dzar enable the people heap the properties. But, effort it do
not be groggy of his view impregnability. Because sick over, Muawwiyah report to
khalifah Utsman about Abu Dzar. Khalifah immediately call the Abu Dzar. Fulfilling
call khalifah, Abu Dzar get welcome mat in Madinah. But, he even also do not forbear
staying live in the the prophet town because the wealthy in that town even also
frown upon the exclamation for the generalization of properties. Finally Utsman ask
the Abu Dzar leave the Madinah and live in the Rabza, a small kampong in band
walke the caravan of Iraq Madinah.

In this village, Abu Dzar pass away because old age at 8 Dzulhijjah 32
Hijriyah. His physic lying that caravan band only awaited by his widow. Almost
there’s noting entomb this friend Rasulullah SAW when noting, there is no caravan
haji going to Mekkah, that caravan haji immediately desist and pray corpse with the
imam of Abdullah bin Masud, a notable islam master a period of that.

Name: Nur Mar Atushsholihah Siregar

Class : XII IPA U
(Abu Dzar Al-Ghifari)