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( !"# $%&" ) 

 (I
: '$" (11
: ) 

$*
aA(aq) + bB(aq)
cC(aq) + dD(aq)
Qr 
+,-

 .$*
c d a b
Qr = [C] .[D] / ( [A] .[B] )
897
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Qr $" ) /
01 &2
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/#  @

. B+C# D#+1 Qr •
( D>

1E ) D>

+ Qr =K •
: =,!"#  FG (21
:  
-
=
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 $" :%G (121
C6H5-COOH(aq) + H2O(l)
C6H5-COO-(aq) + H3O+(aq) .1
2 Al(s) + 3 Cu2+ (aq)
2 Al3+ (aq)+ 3 Cu (s) .2
I2 (aq)+ 2 S2O32- (aq)
2 I- (aq)+ S4O62- (aq) .3
: 5

% -
: :&-
/
01 &2 / Qri = [C6H5-COO-]i.[H3O+]i/[C6H5-COOH]I .1
.1 H#8" ;
=I-

.( Al # Cu )  @
897
/
01 &2 / Qreq = [Al3+]²eq / [Cu2+]3eq .2
 ) J $ )-
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)  +-
6
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% Qr = [I-]².[S4O62-]/([I2].[S2O32-]²) .3
. 

: K+ =,!" (211

C = 5,0.10-3 mol.L-1 : N%$" C6H5COOH L#
M-5  / 5 $" o
G = 2,03.10-4 S T!G S = 1,0 cm2 , l = 1,0 cm. : =
O  P1 4 5-
 Q
 RS
. -
) M-5
L"  K :%
.1
01F
# D>

+ H3O+(aq) %$"  /+1 J $ UE . σ : 4 5-
 Q :8C
.2

 
 1
www.bibliophy.sup.fr   * 
 

.D>

+ H3O+(aq) %$" -S V;
UE 3 λ(Η3Ο+) : λ(C6H5COO-)
J-S :8C
UE C 4 5-
%$"# D>

+ H3O+(aq) %$"  /+1 Qr,éq 0 $ .3
: 5

C6H5COOH(aq) + H2O(l)
C6H5COO-(aq) +

+ H3O (aq) .1
 Q- 1  Q
-
SI .2
G=σ.S/l
σ = G . l / S = 2,03.10-4 x 1,0.10-2 / 1,0.10-4
σ = 2,03.10-2 S.m-1

σ = λ(H3O+).[H3O+]éq + λ(C6H5COO-).[C6H5COO-]éq
[H3O+]éq = [C6H5COO-]éq : (
‫ ا
د ) و اول ا  إا‬
σ "#$ % ‫'ض‬
σ = (λ(H3O+) + λ(C6H5COO-)).[H3O+]éq
[H3O+]éq = σ / (λ(H3O+) + λ(C6H5COO-))
[H3O+]éq = 2,03.10-2 / ( 35,0.10-3 + 3,23.10-3)
[H3O+]éq = 0,53 mol.m-3 [H3O+]éq
[H3O+]éq = 5,3.10-4 mol.L-1
K = Qr éq = ([H3O+]éq.[ C6H5COO-]éq)/[ C6H5COOH]éq .3

[H3O+]éq = [C6H5COO-]éq = 5,3.10-4 mol.L-1

: ‫
ظ آ ا
دة‬,'‫ ا‬
-
c = [C6H5COOH]éq+[C6H5COO ]éq ; [C6H5COOH]éq = c-[H3O+]éq

K = [H3O+ ]éq2 / (c-.[H3O+]éq)= (5,3.10-4 )2/(5,0.10-3 - 5,3.10-4 ) = 6,28.10-5

)-% !" WS" (II
4#Z -% - !" 4I . )9 +" D#K Y+C
OX ), " )-% !" DG 4,* : '$" (12
Qr éq = K : [C 3 K D>

1E H#8 +C -S T X 0
4I Qr 

: =/5
;
K (22
: Qr,init )+

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] P 0 :%$" 0 )-% 45" \I!*
+

Qr ,init =
[C ]init [D ]init
c d

[A]init
a
[B]binit W A (aq) + b B (aq) = c C (aq) + d D (aq)

. !" / --
$^_ D>
" ) --
Qr,init = K o


 
 2
www.bibliophy.sup.fr   * 
 


:8 - Qr,init = K a@ Qr,init `S" N"

) , " !" --
Qr ,init 〉 K o
$b-
$< N"/
) !" .; --
DOX ,-
%
$" KK>
# ]8
%
$" `S"
. =I-
D" N"
) HG

:8 - Qr,init = K a@ Qr,init +

" N"
) , " !" --
Qr ,init 〈 K o
HG $b-
N"/
) !" .; --
DOX ,-
%
$" `S" # ]8
%
$" +
"
V"

D" N"
)

QI

=$% 4 5 0 ]  T  H5 R2% ) R5

\58#  7
0 5Q $-?* : 1$" (22
C2 = 0,2 mol.L-1 %$" #O  7
=$% 4 5# C1 = 0,2 mol.L-1 %$" #O (II) R5

K = 1,9 × 10 37 : D>

1E

: 
 K

3Cu ++ (aq) +2 Al (s)
3Cu (s) + 2Al +++ (aq

2
 C 2 .V2  : )+

 c8C o
 
[ Al 3+ 2
] 0  V1 + V2  1 V + V2 1
Qr ,init = = = = = =5
[ Cu 2 +

 
 ]
3
0  C1.V1 
 
3
C1.V1 C1V1 3 C1
V1 + V2
 V1 + V2 
www.bibliophy.sup.fr   * 
 


.($b-
T5-
) V"

D" T5 ) !" --  Qr ,init 〈 K DG -1 # ; -

: )-% !" WS" =,!" (III

: B+S – M-C " (13
:  
 5-
-*
C1 = 3,0.10 - 2 mol.L-1 N%$" L*F-
M-C 4 5 0 V1 = 5,0 mL 
C2 = 4,0.10 - 2 mol.L-1 N%$" *7
# % 4 5 0V2 = 10,0 mL 
C3 = 6,0.10 - 2 mol.L-1 N%$" K@
=
*F 4 5 0V3 = 5,0 mL 
C4 = 8.10 - 2 mol.L-1 N%$" e*7
4 5 0V4 = 10,0 mL 

.  L*F-
M-C 1 )+

 :8C
.1
. -
-- ), 
!
T5 K+C .2
: =!
pKA 9#K-

pKA1 = 3,8 HCOOH / HCOO -

pKA2 = 9,2 NH4+/NH3

: 5

M-C 1  # -

--
!" T5 )!" / )
# 
 K : G .1
.-% L*F-

HCOOH + NH3
HCOO - + NH4+

:)+

 c8C : c
Qrinitial = [HCOO-]0.[NH4+]0 / ([HCOOH]0.[NH3]0)
Qrinitial = (C3 .V3 /V). (C2 .V2 /V ) / [(C1 .V1 /V ).(C4 .V4 /V )]
Qrinitial = C3 .V3.C2.V2 / [C1.V1.C4.V4]
‫ع‬.‫ت‬
Qr initial = (6,0.10 - 2 x 5,0.10 - 3 x 4,0.10 - 2 x 10,0.10 - 3 ) / (3,0.10 - 2 x 5,0.10 - 3 x 8,0.10 - 2 x 10,0.10 - 3 ) = 1


 
 4
www.bibliophy.sup.fr   * 
 

D>

1E# )+

 *, : : --
!" T5 ++5 .2
. e*7
# L*F/
M-C 01 Q5
)-
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K = Qréq = [HCOO-]éq.[NH4+]éq / ([HCOOH]éq.[NH3]éq)
: 012 34,5% [ H3O + ] 
+,-
g1 ]8
# ,-
c$f*
K = ( [HCOO-]éq.[ H3O+ ]éq / [HCOOH]éq ) . ( [NH4+]éq /.( [ H3O+ ]éq .[NH3]éq))
= KA1 / KA2
: h#
K = 10 - 3,8 / 10 - 9,2 = 10 5,4 = 2,51.10 5 > Qrinitial
`S"# V"

KK>
Qrinitial KK>
T5 ) --
Di h# K 0 $?QG Qrinitial
.$b-
T5-
# U !
. =I-

4

# B+8%G " (23
:  
 5-
-*
C1 = 0,030 mol.L-1 N%$"(III) ++5
# % 4 5 0V1 = 20 mL

C2 = 0,020 mol.L-1 j: N%$" (II) ++5
=$% 4 5 0V2 = 20 mL

C3 = 0,10 mol.L-1 : N%$" (II) R5
=$% 4 5 0V3 = 10 mL

R5
\58 010 g

Cu2+ / Cu # Fe3+ / Fe2+ : =9#K-

. I R5
1 
 K :%G .1
. 18
! )+

 :8C
.2
K = 3,8.10 40. : )!* . -- ), 
!
T5 K+C .3
5

: 
 K .1
3+ - 2+
Fe + e
Fe ) x 2
Cu
Cu2+ + 2 e- ) x 1
2 Fe3+ + Cu
2 Fe2+ + Cu2+

V = V1 + V2 + V3 = 5,0.10 - 2 L Wf* : G .2

Qrinitial = [Fe 2+]initial² . [Cu 2+]initial / [Fe 3+]initial 2 : c

Qr initial = (C2 .V2 /V)2 .(C3 .V3 /V) / (C1 .V1 /V)2

 
 5
www.bibliophy.sup.fr   * 
 

2 2
= (C2 .V2) .(C3 .V3 / V) / (C1 .V1 )
Qr initial = (2,0.10 - 2 x 20.10 - 3)2 x (1,0.10 - 1 x 10.10 - 3 /5,0.10 - 2) / (3,0.10 - 2 x 20.10 - 3)2
= 8,89.10 - 3
--
!" T5: 
Qr initial = 8,89.10 - 3 < K : +
$b-
T5-
) !" --
Di WS
B+S 0 SI!*

2 Fe3+ + Cu  2 Fe2+ + Cu2+


 
 6