Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Glycogen Metabolism
CH2OH CH2OH
H O O
glycogen
H H H
H H
OH H OH H 1
O
OH
O
H OH H OH
(CH2)4
N+
O− HC H
The Pi substrate binds −O H2
P C O−
between the phosphate of O
PLP and the glycosidic O O
linking the terminal glucose +
N CH3
residue of the glycogen. H
Enzyme (Lys)-PLP Schiff base
H OH H OH H OH
glucose-1-phosphate glucose-6-phosphate
CH2OH HN
H O H
Glycogen H O N
H O O
synthesis OH
OH O P O P O CH2
O
H OH O− O− H H
H H
UDP-glucose OH OH
H O H
H O N
OH H O O O O
OH O P O− + −
O P O P O P O CH2
O
H OH O− O− O− O− H H
glucose-1-phosphate UTP H
OH OH
H
PPi O
CH2OH HN
H O H
H O N
OH H O O
OH O P O P O CH2
O
H OH O− O− H H
H H
UDP-glucose OH OH
UDP-glucose is formed from glucose-1-phosphate:
glucose-1-phosphate + UTP Æ UDP-glucose + PPi
PPi + H2O Æ 2 Pi
Overall:
glucose-1-phosphate + UTP Æ UDP-glucose + 2 Pi
Spontaneous hydrolysis of the ~P bond in PPi (P~P)
drives the overall reaction.
Cleavage of PPi is the only energy cost for glycogen
synthesis (one ~P bond per glucose residue).
Glycogenin initiates glycogen synthesis.
Glycogenin is an enzyme that catalyzes glycosylation of
one of its own tyrosine residues.
6 CH
2OH tyrosine residue
UDP-glucose
H
5 O H of Glycogenin
H O O C O
4 OH H 1
OH O P O P O Uridine HO C CH
3 2 H2
H OH O− O− NH
6 CH
2OH
O-linked 5 O
glucose H H
H
C O
residue 4 OH H 1
OH O C CH + UDP
3 2 H2
H OH NH
H O H H O H
H H C O
OH H OH H
OH O O C CH + UDP
H2
H OH α(1Æ4) H OH NH
linkage
Glycogen Phosphorylase Pi