Table of contents

Acknowledgement

Chapter 1…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

A. INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………
A.1 Community Mental Health……………………………………………………

A.2 Present program of DOH in relation to CMH…………………………

A.3 Relevance of NCM 103 Activities to CMH………………………………

B. APPLICATION OF DEVELOPMENTAL THEORIES……………………………

B.1 FAMILY MEMBER 1………………………………………………………………

B.1.1 Psychosexual theory by Sigmund Freud

B.1.2 Psychosocial theory by Erik Erikson

B.1.3 Interpersonal theory by Harry Sullivan

B.2 FAMILY MEMBER 2………………………………………………………………

B.1.1 Psychosexual theory by Sigmund Freud

B.1.2 Psychosocial theory by Erik Erikson

B.1.3 Interpersonal theory by Harry Sullivan

B.3 FAMILY MEMBER 3………………………………………………………………

B.1.1 Psychosexual theory by Sigmund Freud

B.1.2 Psychosocial theory by Erik Erikson

B.1.3 Interpersonal theory by Harry Sullivan

B.4 FAMILY MEMBER 4………………………………………………………………

B.1.1 Psychosexual theory by Sigmund Freud

B.1.2 Psychosocial theory by Erik Erikson

B.1.3 Interpersonal theory by Harry Sullivan

 C. DESCRIPTION OF THE COMMUNITY……………………………………………
C.1 General description of the community

C.2 Brief history of the community

C.3 Social description of the community

C.4 Spot map of the community

C.5 Organizational chart of the community

D. DEFINITION OF TERMS…………………………………………………………

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A. TITLE OF LITERATURE 1: “Coping with Death to Handle the Death of a Loved One
and Move Forward”

A.1. Summary………………………………………………………………………

A.2. Importance of the literature to Present Study-……………

A.3. Personal View Points……………………………………………………

B. TITLE OF LITERATURE 2: Talking to a Loved One About Death

B.1. Summary………………………………………………………………………

B.2. Importance of the Literature to Present Study………………

B.3. Personal View Points……………………………………………………

CHAPTER III

PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION & ANALYSIS OF DATA

A. TABULAR PRESENTATION OF THE MENTAL ASPECTS (Individual)

A.1. Family Member 1

A.1.1. Tension (Pagkabalisa)…………………………………………

A.1.2. Mood (Damdamin)……………………………………………

A1.3. Thought (Pag-iisip)………………………………………………

A1.4. Activity (Gawain)………………………………………………

A.1.5. Organization/Control (Organisasyon)………………

 A.1.6. Relationship (Pakikipagrelasyon)………………………

A.1.7. Physical (Pisikal)………………………………………………

A.1.8. Summary of Mental Aspects for Each Family

Member……………………………………………

A.2. FAMILY MEMBER 2

A.2.1. Tension (Pagkabalisa)…………………………………………

A.2.2. Mood (Damdamin)……………………………………………

A.2.3. Thought (Pag-iisip)……………………………………………

A.2.4. Activity (Gawain)………………………………………………

A.2.5. Organization/Control (Organisasyon)…………………

A.2.6. Relationship (Pakikipagrelasyon)………………………

A.2.7. Physical (Pisikal)………………………………………………

A.2.8. Summary of Mental Aspects for Each Family

Member………………………………………………………

A.3. Family Member 3

A.3.1. Tension (Pagkabalisa)………………………………………

A.3.2. Mood (Damdamin)…………………………………………

A.3.3. Thought (Pag-iisip)……………………………………………

A.3.4. Activity (Gawain)……………………………………………

A.3.5. Organization/Control (Organisasyon)………………

A.3.6. Relationship (Pakikipagrelasyon)………………………

A.3.7. Physical (Pisikal)……………………………………………

A.3.8. Summary of Mental Aspects for Each Family

Member……………………………………………………

A.4. Family Member 4

A.4.1. Tension (Pagkabalisa)………………………………………

A.4.2. Mood (Damdamin)…………………………………………

 A.4.3. Thought (Pag-iisip)……………………………………………

A.4.4. Activity (Gawain)……………………………………………

A.4.5. Organization/Control (Organisasyon)………………

A.4.6. Relationship (Pakikipagrelasyon)………………………

A.4.7. Physical (Pisikal)……………………………………………

A.4.8. Summary of Mental Aspects for Each Family

Member……………………………………………………

B. SUMMARY OF MENTAL ASPECTS FOR THE WHOLE FAMILY………

C. SAMMARY OF ALL MENTAL ASPECTS OF THE FAMILY: TOTAL

COMPUTATION…………………………………………………………………………

D. % of ALL FAMILY MENTAL HEALTH ASPECTS……………………………

D.1 High Risk Member 1……………………………………………………

D.1.1 Mood (Damdamin): Score-

D.2 High Risk Member 2……………………………………………………

D.2.1 Mood (Damdamin): Score-

E. CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………………………

F. RECOMMENDATION………………………………………………………………………

CHAPTER IV…………………………………………………………………………………………………

FAMILY THERAPY

A. Family Therapy……………………………………………………………………………
A.1. Discussion………………………………………………………………………

A.2. Goals/ Objectives…………………………………………………………

B. Sociogram……………………………………………………………………………………

C. Genogram……………………………………………………………………………………

D. Process Recording………………………………………………………………………

BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………………………………………………………………………
APPENDICES

Appendix “A” – Mental Status evaluation tool………………………………………

Appendix “B” – Mental status evaluation of each family member…………

Appendix “C” – Original articles/related literatures………………………………
Appendix “D” – Documentation……………………………………………………………
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to acknowledge the following for letting us accomplished this study.
Without the help of them, it wouldn’t be possible for us to finish this. We would like to
give thanks to the Almighty God for protecting and guiding us during our community
immersion.

We would also like to thank Dean Locquiao, for being a responsible leader and for being
able to communicate well and have some contracts to the community, for the sake of her
students in order to have a chance to be immersed and have a successful experience in
an actual setting.

We would like to thank our community coordinator Mr. Christopher James Macario for a
well planned activities in the community, he was able to communicate with the different
barangay in order to maintain the relationship for the other upcoming year levels who will
going to have an immersion.

To our clinical instructor, Ms. Draguin, for giving us a well explained concept, and for
imparting his knowledge to us, for giving his full patience in guiding us throughout the
exposure to our immersion.

I would also like to thank Barangay San Pedro Sto. Tomas Batangas, for letting us stay
for our exposure and by helping us in our activities, and by giving us a warm welcome
and hospitality, we would like to give our gratitude for our dear foster parents who
welcomed us and give their full respect, cooperation and interest in our activities.

Finally, I would like to thank my group mates for giving me their cooperation and
knowledge for the study, and giving their moral support in the activity.
B. Application of Psycho-social Theories

Theory Stage Major Application in Application

developmental past in present
task

Oral The mouth is She oral needs Drinking

Psychosexual (birth to 1 ½ the area of were given and alcohol is one
Theory year) pleasure. he was a bottle of the signs of
Sucking, eating
(Freud) fed. an unsatisfied
and vocalizing
are examples fixation in
of activities oral stage that
which provide
she elicits.
oral
gratification.

Anal associated with She was Clients claims

(1 ½ to 3 the ability to trained to go to that she has
years) defecate at will the comfort no problems
and hold it is a
room and regarding
focus. Toilet
training is urinates elimination at
significant. independently present.
when there is a
need to
defecate.

Phallic Recognition of She was She separated

(4 to 6 years) the differences attached to his from her
between the mother. mother
sexes is a focus
because she
and the genital
area is now have their
interest. own family.
 Latency Play and During her She has
(6 to puberty) acquiring school days, friends but
knowledge she said he was she focuses
occupy most of close to her more on her
the child’s time friends or family.
and energy. barkadas.

Genital Final major She said that She said that

(puberty and stage in freud’s she has a she love her
after) theory. That crushes and family and
focuses on
girlfriend. also her sister.
sexual
maturation
with energy
also spent on
friendships and
readying
marriage.

Theory Stage Major Application in Application

developmental past in present
 task

Psychosocial Infancy learning to trust She was She trusts her

others. Trust is
theory (trust vs. socially friends
relative to
(Erik Erickson) mistrust) something or attached to her because those
someone;
mother an can are the people
therefore,
consistency in easily get along whom she
the caregiver
with people he shared those
and daily
routine can be meets. happy and
significant.
sad
Mistrust can
develop when memories.
basic needs are
not met.

Early childhood -control without During this She said that

loss of self
(Autonomy vs. stage, client she likes his
esteem, ability
Shame and to cooperate claims that they life today
and to express
doubt) were trained to because it is
oneself.
be independent the product of
at an early age. her past
According to decisions.
her she learned She doesn’t
to speak and have regrets
walk at an early about it.
age.

Late childhood learning the At an early age She and her

degree to which
(Initiative vs. her mother sister both
assertiveness
 guilt) and purpose brings him at decide on
influence the
church every their family.
environment
begins to have Sunday. She
the ability to
claimed that his
evaluate one’s
own behaviour. mother allow
her to play
outside with his
friends.

School age to create, Client’s claim She doesn’t

develop and
(Industry vs. that since he need any
manipulate.
Inferiority) Developing a grew up in a appreciation
sense of
simple family. or any reward
competence and
perseverance She has dreams just to finish
that focus is
that someday a task
achievement
and he could have a
accomplishmen
successful life.
t.

Adolescence coherent sense Claim that her She sees

of self, plans to
(Identify vs. mother and herself as a
actualize one’s
role confusion) abilities at this father serve as a good mother
stage, when the
role mother for to her
body changes
dramatically him. daughter.
and rapidly, the
She is doing
child may be
anxious over everything to
not “knowing”
help her
his/her own
body. family.

Theory Stage Major Application in Application

developmental past in present
task
Interpersonal Infancy Primary need Client had She gave
for bodily
Theory (Harry (Birth to onset received love loved and
contact and
of language)
Stack Sullivan) tenderness and tenderness care to her
Prototaxic
from her family.
mode
dominates (no parents which
relation
brought him to
between
experiences) be a responsible
Primary zones
mother and
are oral and
anal. sister.
If needs are
met, infant has
sense of well-
being; unmet
needs lead
to dread and
anxiety.

Parents viewed
Childhood During her She has it
as source of
(Language to 5 praise and childhood, own family.
acceptance
years) client is still In times of
Shift to
parataxic mode attached to her problem she
(experiences
parent. seeks help
are connected
in sequence to with his
each other)
family.
Primary zone is
anal.
Gratification
leads to
positive self-
esteem.
Moderate
anxiety leads to
uncertainty and
insecurity;
severe
anxiety results
in self-
defeating
patterns of
 behavior.

Shift to the
Juvenile Clients was She has an
sytaxic mode
(5–8 years) begins taught by her authoritiy on
(thinking about
mother that their family
self and others
based on elders should because she is
analysis of
be an a HEAD of
experiences in a
variety of authoritiy. the family.
situations).
Opportunities
for approval
and acceptance
of others
Learn to
negotiate own
needs
Severe anxiety
may result in a
need to control
or restrictive,
prejudicial
attitudes.

Lust is added to
Adolescence She share her She share her
interpersonal
(Puberty to equation. problem to her problem to
Need for
adulthood) family to solve. her family to
special sharing
relationship solve.
shifts to the
 opposite sex.
New
opportunities
for social
experimentatio
n lead to the
consolidation
of self-esteem
or self-ridicule.
If the self-
system is intact,
areas of
concern expand
to include
values, ideals,
career
decisions, and
social concerns.

D. Definition of Terms

Mental health
 a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own
abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively
and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community”.
 Mental Illness
 is a psychological or behavioral pattern that occurs in an individual and is
thought to cause distress or disability that is not expected as part of normal
development or culture. The recognition and understanding of mental
disorders has changed over time and across cultures.
Family
 a group of people or animals (many species form the equivalent of a
human family wherein the adults care for the young) affiliated by
consanguinity, affinity or co-residence. Although the concept of
consanguinity originally referred to relations by "blood", anthropologists
have argued that one must understand the idea of "blood" metaphorically
and that many societies understand family through other concepts rather
than through genetic distance.

Psychiatric Nursing
 is the speciality of nursing that cares for people of all ages with mental
illness or mental distress, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder,
psychosis, depression or dementia. Nurses in this area receive additional
training in psychological therapies, building a therapeutic alliance, dealing
with challenging behavior, and the administration of psychiatric
medication.

Mental hygiene
 the science of promoting mental health and preventing mental illness
through the application of psychiatry and psychology. A more commonly
used term today is mental health

Job
 Group of homogenous tasks related by similarity of functions. When
performed by an employee in an exchange for pay, a job consists of duties,
responsibilities, and tasks (performance elements) that are (1) defined and
specific, and (2) can be accomplished, quantified, measured, and rated.
From a wider perspective, a job is synonymous with a 'role' and includes
the physical and social aspects of a work environment. Often, individuals
identify themselves with their job or role (foreman, supervisor, engineer,
etc.) and derive motivation from its uniqueness or usefulness.

Alcoholism
 has multiple and sometimes conflicting definitions. In common and
historic usage, alcoholism is any condition that results in the continued
consumption of alcoholic beverages, despite health problems and negative
social consequences.
Smoking
 is a practice in which a substance, most commonly tobacco, is burned and
the smoke tasted or inhaled. This is primarily practised as a route of
administration for recreational drug use, as combustion releases the active
substances in drugs such as nicotine and makes them available for
absorption through the lungs. It can also be done as a part of rituals, to
induce trances and spiritual enlightenment. The most common method of
smoking today is through cigarettes, primarily industrially manufactured
but also hand-rolled from loose tobacco and rolling paper. Other smoking
tools includes pipes, cigars, hookahs and bongs. Smoking is one of the
most common forms of recreational drug use.

Community
 group of interacting organisms sharing an environment. In human
communities, intent, belief, resources, preferences, needs, risks, and a
number of other conditions may be present and common, affecting the
identity of the participants and their degree of cohesiveness.

Stress
 It refers to the consequence of the failure of an organism – human or
animal – to respond appropriately to emotional or physical threats,
whether actual or imagined.

Family Therapy

 also referred to as couple and family therapy and family systems

therapy, is a branch of psychotherapy that works with families and
couples in intimate relationships to nurture change and development. It
tends to view change in terms of the systems of interaction between family
members. It emphasizes family relationships as an important factor in
psychological health.

Psycho Therapy

 personal counseling with a psychotherapist, is an intentional interpersonal

relationship used by trained psychotherapists to aid a client or patient in
problems of living.

Crisis

 may occur on a personal or societal level. It may be an unstable and

dangerous social situation, in political, social, economic, military affairs,
 or a large-scale environmental event, especially one involving an
impending abrupt change. More loosely, it is a term meaning 'a testing
time' or 'emergency event'.

Maturational Crisis

 a transitional or developmental period within a person's life, such as

puberty, when psychologic equilibrium is upset.

Situational Crisis

 emerges when an uncommon or extraordinary event occurs. Such events

are uncontrollable and the individual usually has no means of forecasting
its occurrence. It is imporatant to understand that situational crises occur at
random, are shocking, intense and catastrophic.

Crisis Intervention

 refers to the methods used to offer immediate, short-term help to

individuals who experience an event that produces emotional, mental,
physical, and behavioral distress or problems. A crisis can refer to any
situation in which the individual perceives a sudden loss of his or her
ability to use effective problem-solving and coping skills. A number of
events or circumstances can be considered a crisis: life-threatening
situations, such as natural disasters (such as an earthquake or tornado),
sexual assault or other criminal victimization; medical illness; mental
illness; thoughts of suicide or homicide; and loss or drastic changes in
relationships (death of a loved one or divorce, for example).

Chapter III

A. Tabular presentation of mental health aspects for each family member

Client: Marilou Villegas

Age: 38 years old

I. Pagkabalisa (Tension)
 6

4
Normal
3.2
Emergency
3.1
Neurotic Coping
2

0 10 20 30

Calculation:

10+10= 20/2= 10

Interpretation:

Clients answers to question 1 and 2 are categorized as Normal while

question 3.1, 3.2, 4, 5, 6 as Hindi/wala.

Analysis:

The patient felt tension when she has a problem, like when his brother have
experienced was shot on his back last 2005. She also feels tension when she is
thinking about her health problem (cataract and cyst).

Behavioral systems model by Albert Ellis views the person as a behavioral

system with patterned, repetitive and purposeful ways of behaving that link the
person to the environment. In relation to the client, the tension he feels and
experiences were situational, such as if problems arise consecutively or at the same
time. The same problems were easier to cope up because her reactions were not
that intense the first time she encounter it.

II. Damdamin (Mood)

 12
11
10
9
8
7
6 Normal
5 Emergency
4.2
Neurotic Coping
4.1
3
2
1

0 10 20 30 40

Calculation:

110/5= 22

Interpretation:

Clients answers to question 1, 4.1, 4.2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 were categorized

Hindi/wala, while question 2 and 3 as normal. Question 10, 11, 12 as Neurotic
Coping.

Analysis:

The patient is positive thinker. She verbalized that she fears death. When she feels
sad or lonely , she just watched television and play with her pamangkins. Whenever she
has a problem, she consults her friend to lessen her feelings.

Adaptation model of Albert Ellis views a person as human system that have
thinking and feeling capacities rooted in consciousness and meaning. In relation to the
patient, he said that she is moody. When she’s angry, she prefers to be silent and
sometimes tries to laugh at problems for distraction.

III. Pag-iisip (Thought)

 5

3
Normal
Emergency
2
Neurotic Coping

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Calculation:

30/3= 10

Interpretation:

Clients answers to question 1, 2 and 3 were categorized as Normal while

question 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 as Hindi/wala.

Analysis:

The patient seeks help from her friends. She doesn’t focus on her problem.
The only thing that frequently comes in her mind was the death of the mother.

Unitary Human Beings model by Martha E. Rogers defines a person as

an open system in continuous process with the open system that is the
environment. According to the patient, there are thoughts that affects her
performance in her work. She also prioritizes mental solutions rather than being
emotional.

IV. Gawain (Activity)

 10

6 Normal
5 Emergency

4 Neurotic Coping

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Calculation:

90/6= 15

Interpretation:

Clients answers to question 1, 2 and 3, 4were categorized as Normal.

Question 5, 6, 7, 8 as Hindi/wala, while Question 6 as Emergency. Question 9 as
neurotic Coping.

Analysis:
The patient has interest to do household chores. According to her their
finances are not enough to sustain their everyday finances. Her sister spend 600
pesos a month. And the work of the daughter of her sister was a caregiver.

According to Maslow in his Hierarchy of Needs, physiologic needs should

be satisfied first. When this is achieved, a certain individual would be able to
conduct activities efficiently.

V. Organisasyon (Organization/Control)
 12
11
10
9
8
7
Normal
6
5 Emergency

4 Neurotuc Coping
3
2
1
0

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Calculation:

90/6= 15

Interpretation:

Clients answers to question 1, 2, 3 and 4 are categorized as Normal.

Question 5, 6, 7as Emergency. Question 8, 10 and 12 as Hindi/Wala. However
question 9 and 11 as interpreted as Neurotic Coping.

Analysis:

The client seeks help from her family especially when their budget was
insufficient. She also seeks help from her friends. According to her, she has
already learned from her mistakes.

According to Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory, client falls under integrity

versus despair. The positive behavior displays acceptance of worth and
uniqueness of one’s own life. In relation to the patient, she is open to innovations
and suggestions. She learns from previous experiences.

VI. Pakikipagrelasyon (Relationship)

16

14

12

10
Normal
8
Emergency
6
Neurotic Coping
4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Calculation:

70/4= 17.5

Interpretation:

Clients answers to question 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 are categorized

as Hindi/Wala. Question 1 and 3 as Normal. Question 5 as Emergency. However
question 14 as Neurotic Coping.

Analysis:

The patient claimed is friendly. She seek helps when she has a problem. And
whenever she was angry to someone, she verbalizes her feelings to them.

According to Sullivan’s Interpersonal Theory, she considered interpersonal

relations and socialization process important to how individual feels about
themselves. She saw individual striving for security and relief from anxiety to
protect themselves and their self system.
VII. Pisikal (Physical)

10
9
8
7
6.5
6.4
6.3
6.2 Normal
6.1 Emergency
6
5 Neurotic Coping
4
3
2
1
0

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Calculation:

130/7= 18.57

Interpretation:

Clients answers to question 1, 2 and 3 are categorized as Normal. Question

4, 5, 6.1, 6.2, 7, 8, 9 and 10are categorized as Hindi/Wala. In addition, Question 6,
6.4 as Emergency. While question 6.3 and 6.5 as Neurotic Coping.

Analysis:
The patient doesn’t experience any problem with regard to her digestion,
skin and weight. She claimed that she is contented on her physical aspect.

According to Hans Selye of Modern Stress Theory, stress is the non-specific

response of the body to any demand made upon it and whenever stress is
prolonged or intense it may lead to exhaustion. Also, according to Maslow’s
hierarchy of needs, physiological needs should be established first in order to
survive and maintain health. In relation to the patient, he experiences problem in
physical aspect because of her dry skin.