DRUG CLASSIFI- MECHANISM IMPLICATION CONTRAINDI - ADVERSE INTER- NURSING

CATION OF ACTION CATION EFFECTS ACTION CONSIDERATION

ORAL (cefuroxime
GENERIC Antibiotic Bactericidal: axetil) • Contraindicated • CNS: DRUG-DRUG ASSESSMENT
NAME: Cephalosporin Inhibits with allergy to Headache, • Increased History: Hepatic and
Cefuroxime (second synthesis of • Pharyngitis, tonsillitis cephalosporins or dizziness, nephrotoxicity renal impairment,
generation) bacterial cell caused by penicillins lethargy, with lactation, pregnancy
BRAND NAME:
wall, causing Streptococcus paresthesias aminoglycosides Physical: Skin
Cefuroxime axetil cell death pyogenes • Use cautiously • GI: nausea, • Increased status, LFT’s, renal
(ceftin) • Otitis media caused with renal failure, vomiting, bleeding effects function tests, culture
by Streptococcus lactation, diarrhea, with oral of affected area,
Cefuroxime pneumoniae, pregnancy anorexia, anticoagulants sensitivity tests
sodium (Zinacef) S.pyogenes, abdominal • Risk of
Haemophilus pain, flatulence, disulfiram-like INTERVENTIONS
DOSAGE: influenzae, Moraxella pseudomembra reaction with •Culture infection,
Adults and nous colitis, alcohol and arrange for
patients 12 yr
catarrhalis
and older • Acute bacterial hepatotoxicity sensitivity tests
250mg bid. For maxillary sinusitis • GU: DRUG-LAB before and during
severe infections, caused by S. Nephrotoxicity TEST therapy if expected
maybe increased pneumoniae, H. • Hematologic: response is not seen
to 500mg bid. influenzae Bone marrow • Possibility of • Give oral drug with
Treat up to 10 • Lower respiratory depression false results on food to decrease and
days infections caused by S. (decreased tests of urine enhance absorption
pneumoniae, WBC, glucose using • Give oral tablets to
•Uncomplicated decreased Benedict’s children who can
UTIs: 250mg bid.
Haemophilus
Treat for 7-10 parainfluenzae, platelets, solution, swallow tablets,
days H.influenzae decreased Hct) Fehling’s crushing the drug
• UTIs caused by •Hypersensitiv solution, Clinitest results in bitter,
PARENTERAL E.coli, Klebsiella ity: Ranging tablets; urinary unpleasant taste. Use
ADULTS pneumoniae from rash to 17-ketosteroids; solution to children
750mg-1.5g IM or •Uncomplicated fever to direct Coomb’s who cannot swallow
IV every 8 hr, gonorrhea (urethral and anaphylaxis; test tablets
depending on endocervical) serum sickness • Have vitamin K
severity of abscess available in case of
infection, for 5-10
• Skin and skin
days structure infections, reaction hypothrombenemia
including impetigo • Local: pain, occurs
PEDIATRIC caused by S. aureus, abscess at • Discontinue if
PATIENTS S. pyogenes injection site, hypersensitivity
OLDER THAN 3 • treatment of early lime phlebitis, occurs
MONTHS disease inflammation at
IV site TEACHING POINTS
50-100 mg/kg/day PARENTERAL • Other:
IM or IV in divided Superinfections Oral drugs
doses every 6-8 hr
(cefuroxime sodium)
, disulfiram-like
ROUTE: • Lower respiratory reaction with • Take full course of
infections caused by alcohol therapy even if you
IV, IM, ORAL S.pneumoniae, are feeling better
S.aureus, E.coli, • This drug is specific
K.pneumoniae, H. for this infection and
influenzae, S. should not be used to
pyogenes self-treat other
problems
• Dematologic • Swallow tablets
infections caused by S. whole; do not crush
aureus, S.pyogenes, them. Take the drug
E.coli, K. pneumoniae, with food
Enterobacter • Store solution in the
• UTIs caused by refrigerator. Shake
E.coli, K.pneumoniae well before each use
• Uncomplicated and • You may experience
disseminated this side-effects:
gonorrhea caused N. stomach upset or
gonorrheae diarrhea
• Septicemia caused by • Report severe
S. pneumoniae, diarrhea with
S.aureaus, E.coli, blood,pus or mucus;
K,pneumoniae, rash, difficulty
H.influenzae breathing; unusual
• Meningitis caused by tiredness, fatigue;
S. pneumoniae, unusual bleeding or
H.influenzae, S.aureus, bruising; unusual
N. meningitis itching or irritation
• Bone and joint
infections due to S. PARENTERAL
aureus DRUG
• Perioperative • Avoid alcohol while
prophylaxis taking this drug and
• Treatment of Acute for 3 days after
bacterial maxillary because severe
sinusitis in patients reactions often occur
3mo-12yr • You may experience
these side effects:
Stomach upset or
diarrhea
• Report severe
diarrhea, difficulty
breathing, unusual
tiredness or fatigue,
pain at injection site.