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If students want to learn how to enter code in calculators, please consult user manuals or
guidebooks. These can be downloaded from Texas Instrument’s website.
http://education.ti.com/educationportal/sites/US/sectionHome/download.html
Remember that programs are not allowed on final exams in the IB. Calculators are not
allowed at all on Paper 1.
This sheet will be updated from time to time. The names of programs are in alphabetical
order.
1. BINOMIAL
If you want to know the probability of getting 0 sixes when four dice are thrown, run this
program, in the following way:
1
2. CENTILE
This program should be used in conjunction with the paper Statistics using the TI83 and
84 which can be found at
http://sleet-kg.se/sleet2-filer/ib2/StatisticsusingtheTI83and84.pdf .
Looking at the cumulative frequency diagram on pages 13 and 14, it is seen that the
50th centile point lies somewhere in class 3—close to being in class 4. One calculates the
cumulative frequency at this centile point and subtracts the cumulative frequency of class
2. One then divides this by the cumulative frequency of class 3. The class width is then
multiplied by this ratio, giving that part of class 3 that is contained inside the lower 50%
of the total population. When this is added to the value of the upper bound of class 2,
the value of the median is obtained. Or more easily with the program.
This is close to 15, which is the value of the median in this exercise. Try calculating
other centiles in the same exercise. The class number that is entered is the number of
the class that precedes the one in which the centile point lies. Make certain that your
Window settings are correct, especially Ymax and Xscl.
If you have entered values correctly, L4 will contain the cumulative frequencies and L5
will contain the values of the upper bounds, for all classes. If C=2, then L5(C) gives the
value of the upper bound of class 2, L4(C) the value of the cumulative frequency of class
2 and L4(C+1) the value of the cumulative frequency of class 3.
2
3. CROSS
Find the cross-product of u × v if u = 3i + 2 j + 5k and v = 4i + 3 j + 2k . Run the program,
put in values and press ENTER.
This means that u × v = −11i + 14 j + k and that the square of the magnitude or modulus
2
u × v = 318 . In other words, the magnitude or modulus of the vector-product is 318 .
3
4. CUMULAT
If you need to calculate cumulative frequencies a large number of times for different lists
you might want to use this program. Suppose that you have a list of frequencies for a
number of classes N in ascending order.
In this case there are 10 classes. Run this program and enter the value of 10.
If you want to use some list other than L1 as frequency list you will have to change the
names of L1 and L2 in the program. This should not be difficult to do.
4
5. FACTOR
Students really ought to be able to find the prime factors of integers using pencil and
paper, but if you get stuck this program can be used. To find the prime factors of
416304 run this program and enter the number.
Taking the numbers in pairs, this array means that 416304 = 24 ⋅ 32 ⋅ 72 ⋅ 59 . The integers
2, 3, 7 and 59 are all prime numbers.
5
6. QUADRA
This program finds the roots of quadratic equations of the form ax 2 + bx + c = 0 . Run the
program and enter coefficients a, b and c. Find the roots of 2 x 2 + 5x + 1 = 0 , for
example.
The roots are real and unequal. But try finding the roots of 2 z 2 + 5z + 5 = 0 .
The roots are unequal and complex. Using the quadratic formula, it can be shown that
5 15 5 15
the exact values of the roots are z = − + i or z = − − i . The roots occur in
4 4 4 4
complex pairs in agreement with the fundamental theorem of algebra. The real part of z,
5 15 15
R ( z ) = − , and the imaginary part of z, I ( z ) = . Of course ≈ 0.9682458366
4 4 4
6
4. SCALE
This program is designed to give the user control over WINDOW settings so that the
scale is always square, i.e., that the X and Y scales are exactly the same. In ZOOM there
is of course ZSquare, but this function always gives a square scale of 1, i.e., Xscl=Yscl=1.
This program, however, gives a square scale for whatever factor the user chooses.
7
Do the same thing entering a scale factor of 5.
Notice that there are same number of ticks on the x and y-axes for both scale factors,
the difference being that in one case the scale factor is 1 and in the other 5. Of course
the appearance of the parabola is changed from one case to the other. We zoom out on
the graph with a scale factor of 5.
Of course it is not always desirable that a graph have a square scale, but if you want
perpendicular lines, for example, to look perpendicular then it is necessary to have one.