Personality disorder 

2. Long term difficulties in relating to others, in

is defined as the totality of a person’s unique school and in work situations.
biopsychosocial and spiritual traits that consistently 3. Demanding and manipulative.
influence behavior. 4. Ability to cause others to react with extreme
annoyance or irritability.
The following traits are likely in individuals with a 5. Poor interpersonal skills.
personality disorder: 6. Anxiety
1. Interpersonal relations that ranges from 7. Depression
distant to overprotective. 8. Anger and aggression
2. Suspiciousness 9. Difficulty with adherence to treatment.
3. Social anxiety 10. Harm to self or others.
4. Failure to conform to social norms.
5. Self-destructive behaviors Nursing Diagnoses
6. Manipulation and splitting.  Ineffective individual coping
 Social isolation
Prognosis is poor, and clients experience long term  Impaired social interaction
disability and may have other psychiatric disorders.  High risk for violence to self or others
 Anxiety
Cluster A: The Eccentric and Mad group
1. Paranoid – suspicious, jealous, short Nursing Interventions
tempered. 1. Work with the client to increase coping skills
2. Schizotypal – superstitious, believes in and identify need for improvement coping.
magic, ideas of reference. 2. Respond to the client’s specific symptoms
3. Schizoid – doesn’t want to socialize, prefers and needs.
to be alone, detached. 3. Keep communication clear and consistent.
4. Client may require physical restraints,
Cluster B: The Erratic and Bad group seclusion/observation room, one to one
1. Antisocial – irresponsible, display lack of supervision.
guilt, good at manipulation. 5. Keep the client involved in treatment
2. Borderline – intense relationship, self- planning.
mutilation, impulsiveness. 6. Avoid becoming victim to the client’s
3. Histrionic – attention-seeking, self-centered, involvement in appropriate self-help groups.
seductive, dramatic. 7. Require the client take responsibility for
4. Narcissistic – grandiose view of self lacks his/her own behavior and the consequences for
empathy for others. actions.
8. Discuss with the client and family the
Cluster C: The anxious and Sad group possible environment and situational causes,
1. Obsessive compulsive – preoccupied with contributing factors, and triggers.
perfection, conscious of rules, self-critical,
controlling.
2. Avoidant – fearful of criticism and rejection,
negative self-esteem, few social interactions.
3. Dependent – submissive, clinging to others,
unable to make decision by self.

Signs and Symptoms

1. Inappropriate response to stress and
inflexible approach to problem solving.