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E-Business..

 Customer of an e-commerce site interact with it


through a series of consecutive and related made
during a single visit, which is called session
 Within a session, customer can issue request of
different types, such as login, browse, search, add to
shopping cart, or pay
 The customer’s behavior while interacting with an e-
commerce site has impact on the IT resources of the
site and on the revenue of the E-store
 Thus, it is important to be able to characterize the
behavior of customers or groups of customer of an e-
commerce site
 The figure (at right), shows the
relationship between the customer
model, the workload odel and the
resources model
 The customer model captures
element of user behavior in terms
of navigational patterns, e-
commerce functions used,
frequency of access to the various
e-commerce functions and times Customer, workload and resources
between access to the various models
offered by the site
 A customer model can be useful
for navigational and workload
prediction
 Model user navigational patterns for predictive
purpose. By building model, such as the CBMG, one
can answer what-if questions regarding the effect on
user behavior due to site layout changes or content
redesign. Such models could potentially be used to
predict future moves of a user and pre-fetch object in
order to improve performance
 Capture workload parameter. If the only purpose of a
customer model is to generate a workload model to
be used as input to a resources model, then it is not
necessary to use a detailed model such as the CBMG
 Customer Visit Model (CVM), capture the information
needed to build a workload model
 The workload model describes the workload of an e-business site
in terms of workload intensity (e.g., transaction arrive rate) and
service demands on the various resources (e.g., processors, I/O
subsystems, networks) the make up the site
 The resources model represents the various resources of the site
and captures the effects of the workload model on the these
resources
 The resources model can be used for predictive purpose to answer
what-if questions regarding performance impacts due to changes
in configuration, software and hardware architecture and other
parameters
 The resources models is used to compute the values of metrics
such as time, throughput, and business-oriented metrics such as
revenue throughput
 Example, an online bookstore to give an
informal introduction to the behavior model
of an e-commerce site.
 Considering an online bookstore in which
customers can perform the following function
: connect, search, select, register, login, add
to cart, pay
y h b s l p r a t x Sum
Entry (y) 0.00 0.70 0.15 0.15 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.10
Home (h) 0.00 0.00 0.30 0.30 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.90
Browse (b) 0.00 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.10 1.00
Search (s) 0.00 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.10 1.00
Login (l) 0.00 0.60 0.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 1.00
Pay (p) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00
Register (r') 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.60
Add to Cart (p) 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.20 0.40 0.30 0.50 0.05 0.10 0.05 1.80
Select (t) 0.00 0.00 0.35 0.35 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.10 1.50
exit (x) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sum 0 2.2 1.8 1.5 1 0.3 0.6 0.25 0.5 1.75
 To determine the static portion of the CBMG,
the following steps should be followed
 Determine the set of functions provided to the
customers of the e-commerce site
 Refine the set of functions according to resources
consumption
 Determine the transitions between state
 Hits/ sec
 Page views/ day
 Click-through
 Unique visitors
 Revenue throughput
 Potential loss throughput
 How many times on average is each e-
business function (e.g., search, browse,
select, add) invoked per visit to the e-
commerce site?
 On average, how often customers buy
something each time they visit the e-
commerce site?
 What if the average number of e-commerce
function executions requested by a customer
during his/her visit to the store
State Session I Session II Session III
State Visit Ratio
Home (h) 1 2 3
Entry (y) 1.000 Browse (b) 4 8 4
Home (h) 1.862 Search (s) 5 5 3
2.303 Login (l) 0 1 1
Browse (b)
Pay (p) 0 0 1
Search (s) 2.193 Register (r') 0 0 1
0.273 Add to Cart (p) 0 2 1
Login (l)
Select (t) 3 3 2
Pay (p) 0.058

Register (r') 0.196

Add to Cart (p) 0.193 Example of Session


Select (t) 0.919 Characterization Using the CVM
exit (x) 1.000

Average Number of Visits per-


State of the CBMG
1. How does one identify request as coming
from the same customer?
2. How does one determine if requests coming
from the same customer belong to the same
or to a different session

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