Name of Drug Classification and Side Effects /

Mechanism of Action Indication and Dosage Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing Responsibility

1. Acetaminophen Non – Narcotic Analgesic Fever reduction. *Hypersensitivity to GI: hepatic failure 1. Do not use this medication without
Temporary relief of mild acetaminophen or hepatotoxicity medical direction for: fever persisting
Paracetamol Produces analgesia by to moderate pain. phenacetin GU: renal longer than 3 days, fever over 39.5C
unknown mechanism, failure(high (103F) or recurrence fever
Tylenol perhaps by action on Adult: PO 500mg q4 doses/chronic use) 2. Do not self medicate adults for pain
Tempra peripheral nervous hour Derm:rash,urticaria more than 10 days without consulting a
Pedric system. Reduces fever by physician
direct action on 3. Do not take other medication (e.g.,
hypothalamus heat – cold preparations) containing
regulating center with acetaminophen without medical advice,
consequent peripheral overdosing and chronic use can cause
vasodilation, sweating liver damage and other toxic effects.
and dissipation of heat.

Name of Drug Classification and Side Effects /

Mechanism of Action Indication and Contraindication Adverse Nursing Responsibility
Dosage Reaction

2. Cefalexin • Anti-bacterial
Also known Agents
as • Cephalosporins
Cephalexin
Cephalexin, like the
penicillins, is a beta-
lactam antibiotic. By
binding to specific
penicillin-binding
proteins (PBPs)
located inside the
bacterial cell wall, it
inhibits the third and
last stage of bacterial
cell wall synthesis. Cell
lysis is then mediated
by bacterial cell wall
autolytic enzymes such
as autolysins; it is
For the treatment *Hypersensitivity to Pain at inj site; 1. The drug should be taken with
of respiratory tract cephalosporins. hypersensitivity or without food. (May be taken
infections caused ; GI with meals to reduce GI
by Streptococcus disturbances; discomfort)
pneumoniae and eosinophilia, 2. Before administration, ask
Streptococcus neutropenia, patient if he is allergic to
pyogenes leucopenia, penicillins or cephalosporins.
thrombocytope 3. Tell patient to take entire
nia. amount of drug exactly as
Potentially prescribed, even after he feels
Fatal: better.
Anaphylactic 4. Advise patient to notify
reactions; prescriber if rash develops or
nephrotoxicity. signs and symptoms of
superinfection appear.
5. Inform patient not to crush,
cut, or chew extended-release
tablets.
 possible that
cephalexin interferes
with an autolysin
inhibitor.

Name of Drug Classification and Side Effects /

Mechanism of Indication and Contraindication Adverse Nursing Responsibility
Action Dosage Reaction

1. Carbocistein Expectorants Adjunctive Contraindicated in Nausea, 1. Tell

e therapy in Active peptic diarrhoea, patient to take with 8 oz of
Carbocisteine respiratory tract ulcer. headache, water and to drink plenty of
Mucospect reduces the disorders dizziness, fluids.
Solmux viscosity of non- characterised by palpitations 2. Ins
Guaifenesin infected excessive viscous and heartburn truct patient to contact
secretions from mucous in the may occur. prescriber if cough lasts more
mucous cells in absence of Caution must than 1 week.
Name of Drug Classification and
the respiratory infection. Side
be Effects /
exercised 3. As
Mechanism
tract. of Action Indication and Contraindication Adverse
in patients Nursing Responsibility
appropriate, review all other
Dosage Reaction
with a history significant adverse reactions
of gastric or and interactions, especially
2. Ranitidine Maintenance therapy Contraindicated in CNS:
duodenal
vertigo, 1.those
Assess
related
patienttofor
theabdominal
tests
Hydrochlori H 2 receptor for duodenal or patients malaise,
ulcer. Gastro- mentioned
pain. Noteabove.
presence of blood in
de antagonist. gastric ulcer hypersensitive to headache.
intestinal 4. emesis, stool, or gastric If
drug and those with EENT:
bleeding
blurred
and theaspirate.
medication taste bad take
Apo-Ranitidine†, Competitively inhibits acute porphyria. vision.
skin rash may 2.withRemind
juice.patient to take once-
Zantac*, Zantac-C†, action of histamine Use cautiously in Hepatic:
occur. 5. daily prescription drug at Do
Zantac 75OTC on the H2 at receptor patients with hepatic jaundice. notbedtime
use morefor best
thanresults.
the
sites of parietal cells, dysfunction. Adjust Other: burning 3.recommened
Instruct patient
dosage
to take
towithout
decreasing gastric dosage in patients and itching at prevent
regard adverse
to meals reactions.
because
acid secretion. with impaired renal injection site, 6. absorption isn't affected bydru
function. anaphylaxis, gs food.
will make the sputum more
angioedema. 4.liquid
Advise
andpatient
whento coughing,
report the
sputum
abdominal
is easier
pain and
to cough
blood in
up.
stool or emesis.s
Name of Drug Classification and Side Effects /
Mechanism of Action Indication and Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing Responsibility
Dosage

Treat wide variety of Contraindicated in Reported side 1. Do not take this medication if
Cefuroxime is a infection patients effects include you are allergic to
5.Cefuroxime semisynthetic hypersensitive to diarrhea, nausea, cefuroxime, or to similar
cephalosporin drug or other vomiting, antibiotics, such as Cefzil,
antibiotic, chemically cephalosporins. abdominal pain, Keflex, Omnicef, and others.
Ceftin similar to penicillin. It Use cautiously in headache, rash, 2. Before taking this medication,
is effective against a patients hives, vaginitis, tell your doctor if you are
wide variety of hypersensitive to headache, and allergic to any drugs
bacteria organisms, penicillin because of mouth ulcers. (especially penicillin).
such as possibility of cross- 3. Tell your doctor if you have
Staphylococcus sensitivity with other liver or kidney disease,
aureus, beta-lactam diabetes, a history of
Streptococcus antibiotics. intestinal problems, or if you
pneumoniae, Use cautiously in are malnourished.
Haemophilus breast-feeding 4. Tell patient to take drug as
influenzae, E. coli, N. women and in prescribed, even after he
gonorrhoeae, and patients with history feels better.
many others. of colitis or renal 5. Instruct patient to take oral
insufficiency. form with food.
6. If patient has difficulty
swallowing tablets, show him
how to dissolve or crush
tablets but warn him that the
bitter taste is hard to mask,
even with food.
7. Tell patient to notify
prescriber about loose stools
or diarrhea.
8. Instruct patient to notify
prescriber about rash or
evidence of superinfection.
 Name of Drug Classification and Side Effects /
Mechanism of Action Indication and Contraindication Adverse Nursing Responsibility
Dosage Reaction

6. Methylprednisolone Corticosteroids
Severe
Medrol inflammation or
Not clearly defined. immunosuppression
Decreases
inflammation,
mainly by stabilizing
leukocyte lysosomal
membranes;
suppresses immune
response; stimulates
bone marrow; and
influences protein,
fat, and
carbohydrate
metabolism.
Contraindicated in CNS: euphoria, 1. Tell patient not to stop drug
patients insomnia, abruptly or without prescriber's
hypersensitive to psychotic consent.
drug or its behavior 2. Instruct patient to take oral form
ingredients, in those of drug with milk or food.
4mg with systemic fungal GI: peptic 3. Teach patient signs and
infections, in ulceration, GI symptoms of early adrenal
premature infants irritation, insufficiency: fatigue, muscle
(acetate and increased weakness, joint pain, fever,
succinate), and in appetite anorexia, nausea, shortness of
patients receiving breath, dizziness, and fainting.
immunosuppressive Musculoskeletal: 4. Always adjust to lowest effective
doses together with growth dose.
live virus vaccines. suppression in 5. Monitor patient's weight, blood
Use cautiously in children, muscle pressure, electrolyte level, and
patients with GI weakness sleep patterns. Euphoria may
ulceration or renal initially interfere with sleep, but
disease, patients typically adjust to
hypertension, therapy in 1 to 3 weeks.
osteoporosis, 6. Unless contraindicated, give low-
diabetes mellitus, sodium diet that's high in
hypothyroidism, potassium and protein. Give
cirrhosis, potassium supplements, as
diverticulitis, needed.
nonspecific
ulcerative colitis,
recent intestinal
anastomoses,
thromboembolic
disorders, seizures,
active hepatitis,
lactation,
myasthenia gravis,
heart failure,
tuberculosis, ocular
herpes simplex,
emotional instability,
and psychotic
tendencies.