U

UUUUP
PPPPS
SSSSR
RRRRS
SSSSC
CCCCI
IIIIE
EEEEN
NNNNC
CCCCE
EEEEC
CCCCL
LLLLI
IIIIN
NNNNI
IIIIC
CCCCN
NNNNO
OOOOT
TTTTE
EEEES
SSSS
After attending this KLINIK UPSR 2009 (Fasa 1), the participants would be able t
o:
1 Prepaire themselves with the latest and best technics and strategy of learning

science.
2 Identify the exact format and types of science questions.
3 Learn and understand science process skills thoroughly.
4 Apply Critical and Creative Thingking Skills (CCTS) while answering question.
5 Realise that science can be learedn step by step for easy understanding.
6 Connecting the learning of science through simple experiments.
7 To prepare oneself to achieve maximum marks using KLINIK UPSR (Fasa 2) as a
guide.
A. IDENTIFIYING OF SCIENCE UPSR PAPER
SECTION
TYPE OF
QUESTIONS
NUMBER OF
QUESTIONS
TOTAL
MARKS
PERCENTAGE
(%)
A
Objective:
1. Multiple choice
questions
2. Multiple
combination
questions
30 30 60 %
B Subjective: 4 5 20 40 %
TOTAL
50 100
The UPSR Science Questions -Analysis (2004 2008)

Theme 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Living things 7 8 9 6 8
Force and Energy 9 5 9 7 6
Materials 5 9 6 9 6
The Earth and The
Universe
6 3 2 5 5
Technology 3 5 4 3 5
Total 30 30 30 30 30
Section a Science Questions -Analysis (2004-2008)

Type of Questions 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Facts 2 2 4 4 5
Terminology 2 1 2 2 2
Sequencing 2 3 2 3 2
Method 3 -2 2 -
Classification 2 2 2 1 2
Principle / Concept 4 7 3 2 1
Translation 4 -2 3 1
Interpretation 2 5 5 5 5
Prediction 5 4 2 5 4
Application 4 6 6 3 8
Total 30 30 30 30 30
Distribution of Marks for UPSR Science Paper
Section B Science Process Skills (2004 2008)

Science Process Skills 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Inferencess 4 5 4 4 2
Variable 4 4 2 6 6
Hypothesis 1 1 4 3 3
To Predict 3 4 2 2 3
Analysis Data 8 6 8 5 6
Application ----
Total 20 20 20 20 20
B.
EXAMPLES CCTS QUESTIONS
Section A
1) Classification
(Creative Thinking Skills)
Diagram 1 shows three types of animals.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan tiga jenis haiwan.

J KLM
Diagram 1
Rajah 1
What is the breathing organ for these animals?
Apakah organ pernafasan bagi haiwan-haiwan ini?
A
B

C
D

J K L M
Moist skin Gills Trachea system Gills
Kulit lembap Insang Sistem trakea Insang
Lungs and moist
Trachea system Lungs Moist skin skin
Sistem trakea Peparu Kulit lembap Peparu dan kulit
lembap
Trachea system Moist skin Lung books Lungs
Sistem trakea Kulit lembap Peparu buku Peparu
Trachea system Lungs Moist skin Lungs and moist
Sistem trakea Peparu Kulit lembap skin
Peparu dan Kulit
lembap
2)
Make Sequences:
(Critical Thinking Skills)
The following are a few planets.
Berikut adalah beberapa planet.
P Mars Q Mercury R Saturn S Neptune
Marikh Musytari Zuhal
Neptune
Which of the following shows the arrangement in descending order, for the period
of
revolution of the planets around the Sun?
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah susunan mengikut tertib menurun, bagi tempoh
pusingan planet mengelilingi Matahari?
A P .
R .
Q .
S
B S .
Q .
R .
P
C S .
R .
P .
Q
D Q .
P .
R .
S
3) Prediction:
(Creative Thinking Skills)

Time / minutes
Masa / minit
0 5 10 15 20 25
Temperature / ºC
Suhu / ºC
27 42 57 72 87 ?
Table 1
Jadual 1
Table 1 shows the temperature against time for heating of water. Would the
temperature be at 25 minutes?
Jadual 1 menunjukkan suhu mengikut masa semasa pemanasan air. Apakah suhu
pada minit ke-25?
A 92º C
B 97º C
C 100º C
D 102º C
Section B:
1)
Making Conclusion
(Critical Thinking Skills)
When four tissue papers are moisted, their total weight is 200g. The tissue pape
rs
are put to dry and their weights are recorded every hour. The result of the
investigation is recorded in the Table 2.
Apabila empat helai kertas tisu dilembapkan, jumlah beratnya ialah 200g. Kertas
tisu
itu dibiarkan kering dan beratnya dicatatkan pada setiap jam. Keputusan penyiasa
tan
itu dicatatkan dalam Jadual 2.
Time
Masa
Total weight of eight tissue papers / g
Jumlah berat lapan kertas tisu / g
1 hour
1 jam
170
2 hours
2 jam
150
3 hours
3 jam
125
4 hours
4 jam
100
Table 2
Jadual 2
Questions:
Soalan:
State one conclusion from this experiment.
Nyatakan satu kesimpulan daripada penyiasatan ini.
[1mark]
[1 markah]
Making Inference:
(Creative Thinking Skills)
Remaining number
of animal X
Bilangan haiwan X
Yang tinggal
100
80
60
40
20
0
Jan Feb Mac Apr May Month
Bulan
Diagram 2
Rajah 2
Diagram 2 shows a graph about the remaining number of animal X for five months.
Jadual 2 menunjukkan sebuah graf tentang bilangan haiwan X yang tinggal untuk
lima bulan.
Question:
State one inference about the number of animal X from January to May based on th
e
information in the diagram.
Nyatakan satu inferens tentang bilangan haiwan X dari bulan Januari ke Mei
berdasarkan maklumat dalam rajah.
[1mark]
[1 markah]
3
Tabulating Data:
(Creative Thinking Skills)
Diagram 3 shows object P, Q and R are of the same size, shape, and material. P,
Q
and R were blown with equal strength. It was found R toppled fisrt, followed by
Q and
P.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan object P, Q dan R yang mempunyai saiz, bentuk dan bahan
yang sama. P, Q dan R ditiup dengan kuatan yang sama. R didapati tumbang
dahulu, diikuti Q dan P.

P
QR
Diagram 3
Rajah 3
What is the relationship between manipulatied variables (the things you changed)
and responding variables (to measured)?
Apakah hubungan antara perkara permboleh ubah dimanipulasi (yang diubah) dan
pemboleh ubah bergerak balas (yang diperhati)?
[1mark]
[1 markah
C. SCIENCE LEARNING STRATEGY
1.
3 Phases of Learning Science
How do I plan for a systematic and
affective way of learning science?
3 PHASES
OF
LEARNING
SCIENCE
BEFORE
A WHILE
Prepare earlier for
the next topic
Pay attention
Take down
notes
Ask questions
2 Sequences for Experimentall Activities
Observation
Inferences
Prediction
Controlling variables
Experimenting
Collecting Data
Tabulating Data
Making Conclusion
These skills will assess by the UPSR Science Practikal Work
Assessment (UPSR PEKA)
UPSR PEKA is to enable the students to Master the Scientific Skills:
-Science Process Skills (20 marks)
-Science Manipulative Skills (30 marks)
4 Techniques of Making Notes during Science Revision
AFTER
Assessment
Enrichment
Reflection
AFTER
Assessment
Enrichment
Reflection
Guide line and steps in making note:
Complete set of stationery
Write down the topic
Read the specific notes
Identifiy keywords
Detect the main idea and
concept
Simplify the main points
Using symbols / colours to
differientiate main points
Rearrange the key words and their explanation
according to your own choice of note
Types of notes Examples
1) Collecting
important point
-Energy
Sources of energy:
-The wind
-The sun
-Food
Forms of Energy:
-Light energy
-Solar energy
-Heat energy
-Water -Sound energy
-Batteries -Potential energy
-Fuels -Kinetic energy
-Chemical energy
Basic
Needs
Basic
Needs
Pickling Process
Cut the fruit into pieces
Mix the fruit with salt
Wash and rinse the fruit
Put the fruit into concentrated sugar solution
Add some vinegar
Seal the bottle tightly

The correct way to measure the temperature of

boiling water

Water takes the shape of its container

2) Mind / Concept
map
3) Flow chart

4) Diagram
5) Table
PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS, LIQUIDS AND GASES
Properties Solid Liquid Gas
Has mass / / /
Has a fixed volume / / X
Occupies space / / /
Has a fixed shape / X X
Can be compressed X X /
6) Summary note 1) Shapes of objects in Structures
-Buildings are built on shapes such as cone, sphere,
cuboid, cube, cylinder and pyramid
-Most buildings are built by combining several
shapes
2) The strength of a structure depends on:
-the types of materials used
-the size of the structure
-the shape of the structure
7) Neumonic The nine planets in the Solar
System with the nearest to the Sun
Mercury My
Venus Very
Earth Excellence
Mars Mother
Jupiter Just
Saturn Serve
Uranus Us
Neptune Nine
Pluto Pizza
SAMBALBIRU
MERAHAsid
Alkali
Properties Solid Liquid Gas
Has mass / / /
Has a fixed volume / / X
Occupies space / / /
Has a fixed shape / X X
Can be compressed X X /
6) Summary note 1) Shapes of objects in Structures
-Buildings are built on shapes such as cone, sphere,
cuboid, cube, cylinder and pyramid
-Most buildings are built by combining several
shapes
2) The strength of a structure depends on:
-the types of materials used
-the size of the structure
-the shape of the structure
7) Neumonic The nine planets in the Solar
System with the nearest to the Sun
Mercury My
Venus Very
Earth Excellence
Mars Mother
Jupiter Just
Saturn Serve
Uranus Us
Neptune Nine
Pluto Pizza
SAMBALBIRU
MERAHAsid
Alkali
THE IMPORTANT TOPICS FOR UPSR SCIENCE
(YEAR 4, 5 AND 6)

A INVESTIGATING LIVING THINGS

Complete the boxes and statements with their details.

Year 4
Basic Needs
Humans Animals Plants
Shelter Shelter Sunlight
Food Food Water
Water Water Air
Air Air
Life Process
Humans
Breathing The lungs
Excreation and
Defecation
The lungs, skin, kidneys
Response The skin, eyes, nose, ears, tongue
Reproduction Giving birth
Bad habits Smoking, taking drugs, drinking alcohol
Animals
Breathing The lungs, moist skin, trachea system, gills
Excreation and
Defecation
The lungs, kidneys, skin, gills
Reproduction Giving birth, laying eggs
Life cycles Mosquito, frog, butterfly
Plants
Response To sunlight, water, gravity
Reproduction By seeds, spores, suckers, stem cuttings, leaves
Protection
Animal Protect Themselves by:
Danger and their
enemies
Hard scales Tortoise, pangolin, crocodile, snail
Bad smell Skunk, bed bug
Change colour Chameleon, arctic fox
Strong thorns Buffaloo, Goat, cow
Long legs and strong
muscels
Horse, mouse deer,
Breaking off tail Lizard
Move in groups Wild bulls, wolves
Produce poison Cobra, bee, scorpion
Sharp spines Porcupine,
Pretend to be dead Beetle, millipede
Extreme weather
condition
(polar region)
Curl up body Milipede, pangolin
Hide in shell Snail, garden snail
Thick fur Bear
Thick fat Seal, penguin
Extreme weather
condition
(desert habitat)
Migrate Flamongo, swallow, swan
Hibernate Bear, mouse
Wallowing Buffaloo, hippopotamus
Hump Camel
Plants Protect Themselves
Danger and their
enemies
Thick and hard bark Coconut tree, shorea tree
Fine hairs Pumpkin plant, bamboo
Produce latex Papaya tree, rubber tree, jackfruit
Thorns Cactus, durian, pineapple, mimosa
Produce poison Mushroom, yam plant
Extreme weather Drop leaves Rubber tree, bougainvilla
condition Hairy leaves Watermelon plant, pumpkin plant
(hot and dry Waxy leaves Pandan leaves, banana tree, hibiscus
regeion) Curls up leaves Banana tree, lallang, maize plant
Extreme weather
condition
(strong wind)
Divided leaves Coconut tree, nipah tree
Can sway
Needle-like leaves Casuarina, pines, conifers
Buttress roots Flame of the forest, mangrove plant
Year 5
Microorganisms:
-Microorganisms are classified as living things because they carry out life
processs such as breathing, growth and movement.
-4 main types of microorganisms.

Match the microorganisms with their details.

Microorganisms Shape
Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi
Protozoa
-Useful Microorganisms : Making tapai, bread, tempe, fertilisers
-Harmful Microorganisms : Cause illnesses, food poisoning, food to turn bad, too
th
decay
Survival of Species
Survival of Animals
Protecting
the eggs
or young
By keeping in the mouth Crocodile, guppies
By carrying their young Kangaroo, scorpion
By staying in herds Buffaloo, elephants, buffalo
By laying slimy eggs Frog,
By attacking their enemies Hen, tiger, cat
By feeding their young Bird
Survival of Plants
Dispersal
of seeds
Plants
By the wind Lallang, shorea, angsana, cotton
By water Coconut, nipah, lotus, pong-pong
By animals Rambutan, mango, durian, cillies, love grass
By explosive Sword bean, balsam, rubber, chesnut
mechanism
Food Chains and Food Webs
Class or animals food
Herbivores Goat, cow, butterfly, grasshopper, mouse deer, caterpillar
Carnivores Tiger, lion, mosquito, snake, eagle, frog, shark, wolf,
Omnivores Bear, rat, chicken, duck, pig
Year 6
Interaction among Living Things
Group animals
For safety and food
Ex : Lion, champanzie, buffalo, zebra, ants, bees, elephants
Solitary animals
To avoid competition for food and space
Ex : Eagle, pangolin, snake,
Competition:
-Among animals for : Space, foods, mate
-Among plants for: Sunlight, water, space
Protecting Endangered Species:

Animals that are extinct Ex : Dodo, dinasour, Tasmanian tiger, mammoth

Endangered animals Ex : Pangolin, tiger, hornbill, rhino, tapir
Endangered plants Ex : mangrove, rafflesia, pitcher plan
Factors Human activities : Illegal or excessive logging, hunting,
development
Ways to prevent Campaign, educating the public, re-plant, enforcing law

B INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY

Complete the boxes and statements with their details.

Year 4
Measurements:
Length
Tools Ruler, measuring tape
Units mm, cm, m, km
Area
Formula Length x width
Units mm², cm², km²
Cube, cuboid Length x width x height
Volume Liquid By beakers, measuring
Units mm³, cm³, ml, l
Mass
Tools Lever balance, electronic valance
Units mg, g, kg
Time Tools Clock, stopwatch
Units Second, minute, hour, day, month
Year 5
Energy
Sources of Energy (7)
1 The wind
2 The sun
3 The water
4 The fuels
5 Batteries
6 Food
7 Coal
Forms of Energy (7)
1 Light energy
2 Heat energy
3 Kinetic energy
4 Potencial energy
5 Solar energy
6 Sound energy
7 Chemical energy
-
-
Renewable energy: Solar energy, wind energy, water energy, biomass fuel
Non-renewable energy: Natural gas, petroleum, coal
3 Electricity
Sources of electricity: 1Dry cells__________ 2 Accumulator
3 Solar cells 4 Dynamo
Which are the series circuits and parallel circuits?
Parrallel Circuit Series circuit
4 Light
-Light travels in a straight line. The formation of shadow is
a phenomenon that shows light travels in a straight line when an opaque
object blocks a ray of light.
-When light travels in a straight line and strike the surface of an object, it w
ill
Reflected
Year 6
Force
A force can cause:
-Stationary objects to start moving
-A change in the shape of an object
-A change in the motion of an object
Friction
Effects -Make the surface warm, makes a moving object slow down
and stop
Factors -Depends on the condition of surfaces and on the weight of an
object
Advantages -Ex: Allow us to walk or run without slipping, vehicles to travel
on the road safely and enables us to hold things.
Disadvantages-causes surfaces which are touching each other to wear out.
Ways to reduce-Using rollers, ball bearings and using lubricants
Movement
-Speed shows how fast an object moves.
-Objects that remain stationary do not have speed.
-Formula: Speed = Distance

Time
C INVESTIGATING MATERIALS

Complete the boxes and statements with their details.

Year 4
Properties of Materials:
Conduct electricity Nail, screw, thumbtack, copper wire
Conduct heat Metal spoon, paper clip, nail, needle
Absorb water Towel, cloth, tissue paper, paper
Float on water Cork, straw, wooden ruler, boat
Elastic Spring, rubber band
Transparent Glass, plain water, lens
Translucent Ice cube, tracing paper,
Opaque Umbrella, roof wood,
Natural materils: Wood, metal, leather, soil, cotton, fur, rubber, silk, coal, c
lay
Man-made materials: Nylon,plastic, glass, synthetic rubber, synthetic cloth
Rusting of Materials:

Rusty objects Iron rod, Iron nail, drink can, zinc roof, needle
Non-rusty objects Gold-ring, pencil, clay, glass, sink, plastic
Factors which cause rusting Reaction of iron with oxygen and water
Painting
Ways to prevent rusting
Coating with oil or grease
Electropating
Galvanizing
Year 5
3 Heat

-The Sun is our main source of heat. The temperature of an object is a

measurement of its degree of hotness or coldness.
-Matter expands when heated and matter contract when cooled.
4 States of Matter
Properties Solid Liquid Gas
Has mass / / /
Has a fixed volume / / X
Occupies space / / /
Has a fixed shape / X X
Can be compressed X X /
Examples
Marble, chalk,
wooden block, ice
cube
Shampoo, glue,
tomato sauce,
water, oil, milk
Oxygen, nitrogen,
hydrogen, air
Change of state of water
Melting Solid .
liquid
Boiling Liquid .
gas
Evaporation Liquid .
gas
Water vapor .
liquid
Freezing Liquid .
solid
Acids and Alkalis
Blue litmus
paper
Red litmus
paper
Taste
Examples
Acidic
Turn to red Unchanged Sour
Fizzy drink, vinegar,
grapes, orange
Alkaline
Unchanged
Turn to
blue
Bitter
Detergent, shampoo,
baking powder,
toothpaste
Neutral
Unchanged Unchanged
Tasteless,
sweet, salty
Sugar cane, common
salt, mineral water, rice
Year 6
Food Preservation
-Food preservation is important because it makes food last longer and its kills
bacteria and fungi.
-Bacteria and fungi can easily grow in damp and warm conditions.
-We can preserve food by killing the bacteria and fungi.
Preservation process Examples
Drying Fish, prawns, cuttlefish, fruits
Boiling
Cooling Vegetables, fruits, eggs, cake
Vacuum packing Nuts, crackers, powdered mik
Pickling Fruits, vegetables, chillies
Freezing Chicken, meat, prawns, cuttlefish
Canning Meat, curry, red beans
Pasteuring Ice cream, juices, milk
Waste management
Ways of Disposing Waste
Proper Improper
Reuse or recycle Littering
Bury waste that can decay in soil Open burning
Dispose of waste in the right place Release of waste into the rivers
Treat waste before disposing of into the darin Release of smoke into waste

D INVESTIGATING THE EARTH AND UNIVERSE

Complete the boxes and statements with their details.

Year 4
The Earth and the Universe:

Match the objects for their details.

The Sun Rock or metal that orbit around the Sun
Planets A star in the centre of the Solar System
Natural satellites Rock and metal which lie between the orbits of
Mars and Jupiter
Comets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus, Neptune, Pluto
Meteors Ice and dust that orbit around the Sun
Asteroids The moon around the planets
Day and night
-The Earth rotates on its own axis from west to east.
-Its cause the day and night to the Earth.
-The earth also moving around the Sun

Year 5
3
Constellations
-A group of stars which form a certain shapes.
-Four main types of constellations are:_big dipper, orion, southern cross, scorp
io
4 Phases of Moon
New Moon .
New crescent .
New half-Moon .
New gibbous .
Full Moon .
Old
gibbous .
Old half-Moon .
Old crescent
Year 6
Eclipse
Eclipse of the Sun Eclipse of the Moon Eclipse of the Sun Eclipse of the Moon
-Caused by the Moon revolving around the Earth. The Earth and Moon also
revolve around the Sun.
-Also occurs because light travels in straight lines and light cannot pass
through an opaque object.

E INVESTIGATING TECHNOLOGY

Complete the boxes and statements with their details.

Year 4
Technology around us

Devices and Inventions Examples

Communication devices Telephone, satellite, cell phone, internet
Kitchen appliances Rice cooker, oven, electric kettle,
Electronic games and toys Robot, control car, computer game
Building and structures Penang bridge, KLCC tower, condominium
Devices for performing calculations Calculator, computer,
Development of technology
Field of Example
Communication
Smoke signal .
beating drum .
carrier pigeion .
telegraph
.
telephone .
cell phone .
teleconferencing
Land transportation
Walk .
riding animal .
bullock .
steam poer car .
petrol
car
Water transportation Tree trunk .
canoe .
raft .
sailing ship .
cruise
Air transportation Hot air balloon .
airship .
glider .
aeroplene
Agriculture Sticks & animal bones .
hoe & rake .
plough .
tractor
Buildings Cave .
hut .
wooden house .
concrete house .
condominium
Bridges Tree trunk .
wooden bridge .
concrete bridge .
concrete
& steel bridge
Year 5
Strength and Stability
-Shapes of Objects
Pyramid hemisphere cylinder cube cuboid sphere cone
-The strength of an object depends on the types of material, the shape of the
object and how the object is placed
-The srability of an object depends on base area and the height of an object
Year 6
Machines
Simple Machines Examples
Lever Bottle opener, claw hammer, see-saw, pliers, scissors
Pulley Raising or lowering a flag, lifting a heavy object
Wedge Axe, knife, saw, ice pick, needle, arrow
Screw Drill bit, spanner, tap
Gear In bicycle, in a watch
Incline plane The staircase,
Wheel and axle Car spanner, screw driver, pencil sharpener
-A tool with more than one simple machine is called a __________________
SCIENCE TERMINOLOGIES
Year 4
Excreation is the process by which waste materials are dischgarged from the
human body(Upsr 2003, 2004)
Defecation is the process in which faeces is removed from the human body
Reproduction is a process to produce offspring
Drugs are substances that can affect the functions of human s body
Alcohol is a substance used to make alcoholic drinks
Area is the size of surface (Upsr 2004)
Length is the distance between two points
Volume is the amount of space taken up by the object (Upsr 2007)
Mass is the amount of matter in an object
Time is the period between two moments
Natural Material-object originated from plant, animal and trock (Upsr 2007)
Man-made Material object are obtained through chemical processes (Upsr 2001)
Conductor is a material that conducts electricity or heat
Insulator is a material that does not conduct electricity or heat
Transparent -materials that allow most of the light to pass through them (Upsr 2
001,
2005)
Translucent -materials that scatter light and allow some light to pass through t
hem
Opaque -materials that do not allow any light to pass through them
Reusing -use waste materials again for purposes other than its original use
Recycling -process waste materials to produce new ojects
Natural Satellites-are the natural objects which orbit around planets
Asteroids -are small pieces of rocks mixed with metals orbiting the Sun
Comets -are small pieces of ice and dust that orbit round the Sun
Meteoroids -are small pieces of rock or metal floating in outer space
Meterors -are meteroroids which enter the Earth s atmosphere
Technology -the use of scientific knowledge in practical ways to design devices
and
machines.
Year 5 Year 5
Bacteria -are a major group of living microorganisms
Viruses -are the tiniest of the microorganisms
Protozoa -are the biggest microorganisms
Survival of species -the ability of a species to survive in this world (Upsr 200
0)
Dispersal -means scattering or distributing the seeds to other places for
Germination
Carnivore -animal only eat other animals
Herbivore -animal only eat plants (Upsr 2008)
Omnivore -the animals eat bothh other animals and plants
Food chain -a relationship between living things
Food Webs -a relationship between all the living things in a habitat
Renewable energy-energy that can be replenished when used up (Upsr 2008)
Non-renewable energy -that energy can t be replenished when used up
Series Circuits-is a circuit in which the bulbs are arranged one after another i
n the
same path
Parallel Circuits-
is a curcuit in which the bulbs are arranged in two or more branches
Melting -
is the process when a solid changes to a liquid
Condensation -
is the process when a water vapour changes to water
Evaporation -
is the process when a liquid changes to gas
Constellations -the arrangements of a group of stars with certain shapes or
images
Phases of the Moon-
are the different shapes of the Moon that can be seen from the Earth
Year 6
Competition -occurs when two or more living things have the same needs that are
limited
Preservation
to maintain the condition of habitats so that living things can live
naturally (Upsr 2006)
Conservation -to care for something by improving it towards its original state t
o avoid
extinction
Extinction -
occurs when all the animals or plants of that species die
Endangered -
animals or plants are facing the threat of becoming extinct
Friction -
is a force that opposes the movement of an object
Food preservation-
makes food last longer by delaying it from becoming bad
Machines -
are tools that help us to do most of our work
Simple machines-is a device that allows us to use less force to make it easier a
nd faster
for us
Complex machines-
is a tool with more than one simple machine to work