SECURE AND OUTSTANDING FOR TERTIARY

ADMISSION LOCALLY OR ABROAD

Erected by :
KHAIRIL ANUAR BIN MOHD RAZALI

Enhanced, refined and continued by :

1
 SPM MATHEMATICS - PAPER 1 (1449 / 1)
A GENERAL GUIDE - Paper 1
1. Paper 1 SPM Mathematics covers selected topics from Form 1 to 3, all topics in Form 4 and 5, and requires BASIC,
INTERMEDIATE and HIGHER skills.
2. Topics in this paper covers the NUMBERS, SHAPES & SPACE and ALGEBRAIC themes.
3. Skills connected to the NUMBERS, SHAPES & SPACE and ALGEBRAIC themes sometimes complement each
other; without any one of the skill, others CAN’T BE acquired. Questions on SHAPES require a lot of ALGEBRAIC
and NUMBER skills whilst questions on ALGEBRA require skills on NUMBERS or vice versa.
4. From the above explaination, it is clear that skills on NUMBERS should be built first whilst skills on ALGEBRA are an
important tool to solve many problems.
5. Scope of questions covers topics that have been taught from Form 1 to 5 (please refer to topics analysis in Part C to get a
clear picture of topics posted)

NUMBERS SHAPES AND SPACES ALGEBRA

1. Basic Measurements 1. Indices

1. Whole Numbers 2. Lines and Angles 2. Algebraic Expressions
2. Fractions 3. Polygons 3. Algebraic Formulae
3. Decimals 4. Perimeter and Area 4. Linear Equations
5. Geometrical Constructions 5. Linear Inequalities
4. Percentages 6. Loci In Two Dimensions 6. Quadratic Exp. & Equations
5. Directed Numbers 7. Circles 7. Coordinates
6. Multiples & Factors 8. Solid Geometry 8. The Straight Line
9. Pythagoras’ Theorem 9. Graphs Of Functions
7. Squares, Square Roots, 10. Trigonometry 10. Gradient & Area Under A Graph
Cubes, Cube Roots 11. Bearings 11. Nisbah dan Kadar
8. Standard Form 12. Angles Of Elevation & Depression 12. Variations
13. Lines & Planes In 3-Dimentions 13. Matrices
9. Number Bases 14. Plans And Elevations 14. Sets
15. Earth As A Sphere 15. Mathematical Reasoning
16. Transformations 16. Statistics
17. Probability

B EXAMINATION FORMAT – Paper 1

NO ITEM NOTES / DISCRIPTION

1 Type Of Instrument Objective Test

2 Type Of Item Multiple Choice
3 Number Of Question 40 questions (Answer all)
4 Total Marks 40
5 Test Duration 1 hour 15 minutes
6 Constructual Inclination Knowledge - 45 % / Skill - 55 %
7 Contextual Coverage 1. Lower secondaries field of studies that have
continuity at higher secondary.
2. All field of studies from form 4 to 5.
8 Level of Difficulty Easy : Moderate : Difficult = 5 : 3 : 2
9 Additional Tools 1. Scientific Calculators
2. Mathematical Tables Book
3. Geometrical Equipment

2
 C ANALYSIS – Paper 1
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
TOPICS

FORM 1 – 3
1. Polygons I and II 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
2. Algebraic Expressions 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3. Linear Equations 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
4. Algebraic Formulae 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
5. Statistics I and II 2 2 1 3 2 2 3
6. Transformations I and II 3 2 2 2 2 2 2
7. Indices 2 2 2 1 2 2 2
8. Linear Inequalities 2 2 1 1 1 1 2
9. Trigonometry I - 1 - 1 - - -
TOTAL 15 14 12 13 13 12 15

FORM 4
1. Standard Form 4 4 3 4 3 4 4
2. Quadratic Expr. & Equations - - - - - - -
3. Sets 3 3 3 3 3 3 2
4. Mathematical Reasoning - - - - - - -
5. The Straight Line 1 2 2 2 2 2 2
6. Statistics III - - 1 - - - -
7. Probability I 2 3 2 2 2 2 2
8. Circles III 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
9. Trigonometry II 2 2 3 2 3 3 2
10. Angles of Elevation & Depress. 1 2 1 2 1 2 2
11. Lines & Planes in 3-Dimension 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
TOTAL 15 18 17 17 16 18 16

FORM 5
1. Number Bases 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2. Graphs of Functions II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
3. Transformations III - - - - - - -
4. Matrices 3 1 2 2 2 2 2
5. Variations 2 2 3 3 3 3 2
6 Gradient/Area Under Graphs - - - - - - -
7. Probability II - - - - - - -
8. Bearings 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
9. Earth As A Sphere 1 1 2 1 2 1 1
10. Plans And Elevations - - - - - - -
TOTAL 10 8 11 10 11 10 9

☛ Bold printed topics are topics that are either not included in Paper 1 or topics that are seldom asked.
☛ Majority of questions are from Upper Secondary. 40 % Lower Secondary and 60 % Upper
Secondary
☛ Questions posted varies in terms of difficilty. There are simple and basic questions that touch only
the surface of a topic while others goes deeper and need higher skills.
☛ Familiarise yourself with the use of a scientific calculator. Fumbling with a calculator may invite
unwanted results.

3
 D ANSWERING GUIDE – Paper 1
1. Paper 1 usually begins with simple and easy questions.
2. If any can’t be answered, move to other questions and don’t waste time an any one question.
3. For questions that involve Squares, Square Roots or other table readings, usually examples on how
to use the table are shown.
4. Table below shows instructions word in questions and what should be done.

QUESTION WHAT SHOULD BE QUESTION

INSTRUCTION DONE EXAMPLE
CALCULATE / You have to do calculation using formulae, Calculate the probability of getting a
EVALUATE / FIND guide, theorem or law. male student.
EXPRESS You have to give answer in the form requested. Express your answer in standard form.
WRITE / STATE Write down answer without showing any working State the angle for this rotation.
method.
ROUND You have to give answer to the nearest value. Round 0.0218 to two significant
figure.
SIMPLIFY You have to write certain expression in the Simplify m 2 – (k – m) 2
simplest form k
FACTORISE You have to write again expression in the form of Factorise completely
product of factors. 4h2k – hk.
SOLVE Seeking the value of variable in a certain Solve the equation f + 5 = 8
equation.

5. It is very important for candidates to study past years questions and try to answer them according to
the time and rules set. This will give us a clear picture of the form of question that will be given,
skills that must be grasp and topics that must be given priority.
6. Don’t be too dependent on a certain method or skill to solve problems. Try to variate your technique
and skill.
7. THE MORE EXERCISE, THE BETTER METHOD OF SOLVING WE USE AND THE
FASTER WE SOLVE EXAMINATION QUESTIONS THAT HAVE THE SAME FORMAT
EACH YEAR .

E FORMS OF QUESTION – Paper 1

1. “COMMON SENSE” QUESTIONS (NEEDS NO CALCULATION)

EXAMPLE 1 :
A
B

P C

D
The diagram shows four lines drawn on a square grid. Which of the lines has a gradient of 2 ?
A. PA B. PB C. PC D. PD
4
2. QUESTIONS THAT CAN BE ANSWERED USING OTHER QUESTION BEFORE OR
AFTER IT AS A GUIDE

Example 2 below can be answered using Example 3 as a guide.

EXAMPLE 2 : EXAMPLE 3 :
Amir Amsyar bought a pair of pants Solve the following equation
at a price of RM 42 after discount. 60 – x (60) = 42
The original price is RM 60. Calculate 100
the percentage of discount given.
A. 20 % C. 30 % A. – 20 C. 45
B. 25 % D. 35 % B. 30 D. - 32
3. QUESTIONS THAT CAN BE ANSWERED BY TRYING OUT EACH CHOICE GIVEN (If possible,
try not using this method because it is time consuming)

EXAMPLE 4 : Try whether 234 is equal to 3 . If not, repeat with

624 8
A bag contains 624 balls which are either orange, purple other choices. (If possible make a RANDOM
choice because we might succeed at first try)
or white. If a ball is picked randomly from the bag, the
probability of picking a white ball is 3 . Find the number
8
of white balls in the bag.
A better and quicker method here is using
tthe algebraic method i.e by forming the
A. 234 C. 324 equation x = 3 and solving it.
B. 243 D. 423 624 8

4. QUESTIONS THAT CAN BE SOLVED USING ALGEBRAIC METHOD

EXAMPLE 5 :
The interior angles of a hexagon
are 2xo, 2xo, 3xo, 3xo, 4xo dan 4xo. Form the equation
The value of x is 2x + 2x + 3x + 3x + 4x + 4x = 4(180)
A. 40o C. 80o and solve the equation.
B. 70o D. 90o

EXAMPLE 6 :
In the following diagram, calculate the height of Form the equation
the cylinder, h, given surface area of the cylinder 2π(3.5)2 + 2π(3.5)h = 330 and sol
is 330 cm2 and its radius is 3.5 cm. r solve the equation. (Subtitute π =
A. 11.5 cm C. 15 cm 22 / 7)
B. 13.25 cm D. 26.5 cm h

EXAMPLE 7
Form the simultaneous equation
Given M (k, 2) is the mid point for the a + a = 2 dan – 8 + 2a = k
line that connects points P (-8, a) and 2
Q (2a, a). The value of k is and solve them.
A. 2 B. 3 C. – 2 D. – 3

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5. QUESTIONS THAT HAD TO BE GUESSED

Before guessing, eliminate all the distractors first.

EXAMPLE 8 :

1. 6.27 x 10 –4 =
A. 0.0000627
B. 62700 Not possible because this is a big number!
C. 0.000627
D. 6270000 Not possible because this is a big number!

6. TRY THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS INVOLVING NUMBERS, SHAPES & ALGEBRA :

1. Round 40450 to three 2. 2.4 x 10 5 + 4.8 x 10 4 = 3. 1011101 2 – 10110 2 =

significant figure
A. 7.2 x 10 9 C. 2.88 x 10 5 A. 10001 2 C. 10101 2
A. 404 C. 40400 B. 2.88 x 10 9 D. 2.88 x 10 4 B. 10111 2 D. 11111 2
B. 405 D. 40500

4. 3.47 x 10 3 = 5. The area of a square is 1.54 m2. 6. If x + 2 = 3x then x =

Its width is 250 cm. Find its 5
A. 0.0034 C. 347 length in cm A. – 1 / 3 C. – 5
B. 34.7 D. 3470 A. 1.29 x 102 C. 6.16 x 101 B. – 2 / 5 D. 1
B. 6.16 x 10-1 D. 6.16 x 103
N
7. 8. Factorise 6pq – 4q2 11. Express 2r _ r as a
G H k+1 k
A. 2q(4p – 4q) C. 6p(p – 4q2) fraction in its lowest term
B. 6q(p – 4q2) D. 2q(3p – 2q) A. r(k – 1) C. r
k(k + 1) k
9. Factorise completely 2x2 - 8 B. rk + r D. r .
S A. 2(x2 – 4) B. 2(x – 2)2 k(k + 1) k+1
G and H are two points on the C. (x – 2)(x + 4)
parallel of laltitude 72oN. Find D. 2(x – 2)(x + 2) 12. Given w = 3a + 2b
the shortest distance, in nautical a
miles, between point G and H. 10. (4 – 3p)(2 + 5p) = then a =
A. 8 + 26p – 15p2 A. 2b C. w – 2b
A. 1080 C. 4320 B. 8 – 26p – 15p2 w–3 3
B. 2160 D. 8640 C. 8 + 14p – 15p2 B. 2b D. w
D. 8 – 14p – 15p2 w+3 6b
13. Q
14. 60o 15.
P 20o
Chinese ☻☻☻☻
6
Indian ☻☻
R ☻☻☻☻☻
Malay
4 Q P
R is due south of Q. The bearing ☻denotes x students
of P from R is
2
Piktograph shows number of
A. 080o C. 240o students in class 3A. Find
o
-2 0 2 4 6B. 100 D. 260o value of x if total number of
Q is the image of triangle P students is 35 people
under a rotation. The
coordinates of the centre of A. 4 C. 5
rotation are B. 6 D. 3
A. (5, 1) C. (4, 2)
B. (2, 4) D. (0, 5)
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 SPM MATHEMATICS
PAPER 2 (1449/2)
A GENERAL GUIDE– Paper 2
1. Paper 2 SPM Mathematics contains two parts; Part A and Part B.
2. Test is in the form of written subjective and answers must be written in the question paper.
3. Questions are in the form of subjective and needs longer working method.
4. Scope of question covers certain particular topics from form 1 to form 5, different from Paper 1 that
has a wider coverage.

B EXAMINATION FORMAT – Paper 2

NO ITEM NOTES / DESCRIPTIONS

Type of Instrument
1 Subjective Test

2 Type of Item Structure and Limited Response

3
Number of Question Part A
11 questions (Answer all)
Part B
5 questions (Choose 4)

4
Total Marks Part A : 52 marks

Part B : 48 marks (1 question 12 marks)

5 2 hours 30 minutes
Test Duration
6
Constructual Inclination Knowledge - 25 %
Skill - 70 %
Value - 5%

7 ☛ Lower secondary learning scope that has

Contextual Coverage continuity in upper secondary.
☛ All learning scope from Form 4 and 5.

8
Difficulty Level ☛ Easy (E) E:M:D=5:3:2
☛ Moderate (M)
☛ Difficult (D)

9 Additional Tools ☛ Scientific Calculator

☛ Mathematical Tables Book
7
 ☛ Geometrical Equipment

C GENERAL INSTRUCTION – Paper 2

1. Candidates must answer ALL 11 questions in Part A and 4 out of 5 questions in Part B (if more than
4 are answered, only 4 questions with the highest mark will be chosen).
2. Candidates can use a normal scientific calculator.
3. Candidates will be supplied with four digit tables book, graph papers, blank papers.
4. Final answer that involves decimals must be given correct to two decimal places.
5. Though not stated, candidates also have to bring along drawing tools like long rulers, geometry sets,
“flexi curve” and other tools thought to be useful.

D ANALYSIS – Paper 2
PART A PART B
TOPICS
’03 ’04 ’05 ’06 ’07 ‘08 ’09 ‘10 ’03 ’04 ’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ‘10
FORM 1 – 3
1. Simultaneous Linear Equations 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2. Cicles (II) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
3. Volume/Surface Area of Solids 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
TOTAL 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

FORM 4
1. Standard Form
2. Quadratic Expr & Equations 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
3. Sets - 1 - 1 - 1 -
4. Mathematical Reasoning 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
5. The Straight Line 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
6. Statistics III 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
7. Probability I
8. Cicles III
9. Trigonometry II
10. Angl. of Elevation & Depress.
11. Lines & Planes in 3-Dimension 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
TOTAL 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
FORM 5
1. Number Bases
2. Graphs of Functions II 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
3. Transformations III 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
4. Matrices 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
5. Variations
6. Gradient/Area Under Graphs 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
7. Probability II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
8. Bearings
9. Earth As A Sphere 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
10. Plans and Elevations 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
TOTAL 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
OVERALL TOTAL 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
☛ Topics from form 4 and 5 forms major questions.
☛ Candidates can make suitable choice of question in Part B and this can be done by looking at your skill and ability.
Teachers’ and friends’ opinions have to be taken into account too.

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☛ Bold printed topics are topics never being included in Paper 2 before.
E ANSWERING GUIDE AND MARKING SCHEME
In general, candidate will be awarded METHOD MARKS (for working method needed), ANSWER
MARKS (for the precise answer needed), INDEPENDENT MARKS (for answers that
working methods are not needed), TRANSFER MARKS (for transfering points into graph
paper with precision), GRAPH MARKS ( for smooth and flawless graph) QUALITY
MARKS (for a good drawings of Plans and Elevation ) and others.

Following are general guides that candidates have to practice in some questions in paper 2.

1. QUADRATIC EQUATION - Change to its standard form ax2 + bx + c = 0

- Factorise expression on the Left Hand Side.
- Use the fact that “If ab = 0, then a = 0 or b = 0”

Example 1 : Solve the equation (f – 1)(f + 3) = 5

2. SIMULTANEOUS LINEAR EQUATIONS

- Eliminate fractions first (if there is any) by multiplying the equation with the denominator.
- solve using the “subtitution” or “variable elimination” technique.
- recheck whether the answer satisfy the equation given.

Example 2 : Calculate the value of f and g that satisfy both the following equations
1f+g = 1
2
3f – 2g = 22

3. MATRICES - candidates must be able to find Inverse of a Matix and know its characteristics.
- candidates must also be able to use that Inverse Matrix to solve simultaneous
equations or the matrix equation given.
- write final answer explicitly.

Example 3 : Given the matrix A = 5 3

-4 -2
( i) Find the inverse of matrix A
(ii) Hence, using matrices, calculate the values of x and y which
satisfy the following matrix equation
5 3 x = 0
-4 -2 y 2

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4. SETS (ALTERNATES WITH REGION SHADING ON GRAPH’S QUESTION)
- Usually, question is on shading region of intersection, union and complement of sets.
- Multiple hatchings are allowed.

Example 4 : On the diagrams in the answer space, shade

(a) the set P’ ⋂Q (b) the set (P ⋃Q’) ⋂R

Q R Q R

P P

5. GRADIENT AND AREA UNDER A GRAPH

- questions usually are based on Speed-Time or Distance-Time graphs.
- candidates must be able to
(a) write equation from the information given and hence solve that
equation.
(b) calculate speed from Distance-Time graph.
(c) calculate distance and acceleration from Speed-Time graph.
(d) caculate average speed from both graphs.

Example 5 : Example 6 :

Speed (m s-1) Distance from P

(km) C N
14 280

12
154 M

Time (sec)
8 t D
Diagram shows speed-time graph for a particle in a period of t s.
Calculate O t 4 5 Time (hour)

(i) rate of speed change for the particle in the first 8 seconds.
(ii) value of t, given total distance travelled by the particle in the period
of t seconds is 248 m.
Diagram shows distance-time graph for the route travelled by a bus and a
car. OMN represents the bus’s route from town P to town R and CMD
represents the car’s route from town R to town P.
(i) Calculate average speed, in km h–1, travelled by the bus from P to R.

(ii) If the car travels at uniform speed, calculate value of t.

6. CIRCLES - candidates must be able use length of arc and area of a sector formulas with ease
where the use of angle at the centre is very important.
- answer must be given at least to 2 decimal place if decimals are involve.

C
Example 7 : In the diagram, ABD is a sector of a circle with centre A.
ADC is a straight line. By using π = 3.142, calculate
D
(a) perimeter of the shaded region
(b) area of the shaded region.

A B
10
 8 cm

7. SURFACE AREA AND VOLUME OF SOLIDS.

- Memorise formulaes on surface area and volume of solids.
- Skill on formulae application is also very important..

Example 8 : Example 9 : Example 10 :

V

(I) (II)
Diagram (I) is a container in the shape of a
cuboid that is full with water. Base of the
cuboid in the shape of a rectangle with a length
of 11 cm and breadth of 8 cm. Height of the
cuboid is 21 cm. Diagram (II) is an empty
container in the shape of a cylinder. Diameter of
the base of the cylinder is 12 cm. All the water
in the cuboid container are poured into the
cylinder container. Calculate the height of the
water level in the cylinder container.
Diagram above shows a solid in the shape of a
cylinder with a hemisphere taken out from each
end of the cylinder. Base radius of the cylinder is
the same as radius of the hemisphere, that is 5. 6
cm. Length of the cylinder is 13 cm. Calculate
the volume of the solid left..
Q P
M N
Diagram above shows a solid erected from a
combination of a cuboid and a pyramid. Given
height of the vertice V from the base MNPQ is 13
cm, calculate the surface area of the solid..

8. GRAPHS OF FUNCTIONS
- Graphs must be drawn on a graph paper.
- you must be able to calculate y values from the function given, obey scale
instruction, shift points in the table to graph and hence draw a smooth curve.
- skills on solving equation by graphical method are also needed.
Example 11 :

(a) Complete the following table for the function of y = x3 – 12x + 20.

x -3.5 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 3.5 4

y 19.1 29 20 9 4 20.9 36
(3 marks)

(b) Using the scale of 2 cm to 1 unit on the x-axis and 2 cm to 5 units on the y-axis, draw the graph of y = x3 – 12x + 20 for – 3. 5 ≤ x ≤ 4.
(3 marks)

(c) From your graph, find value of y when x = -1. 5 (1 mark)

(d) Draw a suitable straight line on your graph to find all the values of x in the range of
-3. 5 ≤ x ≤ 4 that satisfy the equation x3 – 12x – 5 = 0. State the values of x. (5 marks)

Example 12 :

(a) Complete the following table for the equation y = 24 .

x
x -4 -3 -2 -1 1 1. 5 2 3 4
y -6 - 12 - 24 24 12 8 6
[2 marks]
(b) For this part of the question, use the graph paper provided. You may use a flexible curve rule.

By using a scale of 2 cm to 1 unit on the x-axis and 2 cm to 5 units on the y-axis, draw the graph of y = 24 for – 4 ≤ x ≤ 4.
x [5 marks]
(c) From your graph, find (i) the value of y when x = 2. 9
(ii) the value of x when y = -13 [2 marks]

(d) Draw a suitable straight line on your graph to find all the values of x which satisfy the equation 2x2 + 5x = 24 for - 4 ≤ x ≤ 4. State

11
 these values of x. [3 marks]

9. PLANS AND ELEVATIONS

- Drawings are done on the blank paper provided in the question paper.
- Drawings must be precise according to measurements given.
- All lines must be straight and drawn using a ruler.
- 90 o angle can be erected quickly using 90° edge of a ruler.
- Make sure there are no “extensions” and “gaps”.
- Construction lines must be differentiated with projection lines.
- Circles’ curves must be drawn using compasses.
- “Line straightness” should be emphasize.
Example 13 : Example 14 :

10. STATISTICS - Candidates must be able to find mean, modes and medians.
- Candidates must be able to construct frequency table and hence draw histogram
or frequency polygons.
- Candidates must be able to construct cumulative frequency table and hence draw
an ogive.
- Candidate must also be able to find informations from the ogive drawn.
Example Number of Appreciation Certificate 0 1 2 3 5 6 7 8
15: Number of Students 18 3 5 0 6 2 3 1
(a) The table above shows number of appreciation certificate received by 40 students in a class. Find
(i) median
(ii) mean of the data. (3 marks)
(b) For this question, use the graph paper provided.
provided
Age (years) 18-22 23-27 28-32 33-37 38-42 43-47 48-52 53-57
Number of workers 8 15 23 36 48 29 15 6
The table above shows the age (in years) distribution for 180 workers in an Electronic Factory.
(i) Construct a cumulative frequency table for the data.
(ii) Using the scale of 2 cm to 5 years on the x-axis and 2 cm to 20 workers on the y-axis, draw an ogive
for the data.
(iii) Workers in the first quartile are required to attend a course. State the oldest age of the worker
required to attend the course. (9 marks)

For this question, use the graph paper provided.

Example 16 :
152 173 167 172 168 174 166 178
176 164 154 167 162 155 151 163
160 176 168 175 174 177 171 159
171 174 179 169 153 173 156 172
160 154 164 158 167 178 169 154
Data in the above table are height, in cm, for a group of 40 students.
(a) Construct a frequency table for this data using class intervals of the size of 5 cm, with 145-149 as
the first class interval. . (4 marks)
(b) Using a scale of 2 cm to 5 cm on the x-axis and 2 cm to 1 student on the y-axis, draw a frequency
polygon for the above data. (4 marks)
(c) From the frequency polygon, 12
(i) Find the modal class,
(ii) calculate the mean height for the group of students (4 marks)