 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫اﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ واﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺐ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻲ‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
3
209
   209  ‫א‬
   3  ‫א‬


 
 W،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬         ‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬


‫א‬ ?‫א‬?? 3?‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   209  ‫א‬
   3  ‫א‬


 

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬ F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬٪60‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬( Total Station ) ‫א‬‫א‬

 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K


 W‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬W
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 

  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   209  ‫א‬
   3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •


 W‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •


 W‫א‬W
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫اﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ واﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺐ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻲ‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

3
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

1
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪90‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K25


 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬G
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 EKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G


 W‫א‬‫א‬
K1J ‫א‬
-1-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 WJ 1
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E––FJ 
  KE–F‫א‬J 


 
‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ 
‫ﻣﺎﺋﻠﺔ‬ 
( ‫زاوﻳﺔ ﺳﻤﺘﻴﺔ ) رأﺳﻴﺔ‬


‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ 
‫رأﺳﻴﺔ‬



‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ 
‫زاوﻳﺔ‬

 E1J 1F
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K1
KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K2
K‫א‬ K3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K5
‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

-2-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
 E–F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 J 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬E‫א‬–F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬J 2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬J 3
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬

-3-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 4
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬J 2

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬J ‫א‬J ‫א‬F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 EConstruction Survey F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬J 3

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

KEF‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

-4-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬J 4


 W‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EConfiguration or ReliefF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬F‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬E‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫ﺧﻄﻮط‬

A B C
995
99

A B C
5
995

000


 E1J 2F

-5-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 W
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L •
K‫א‬‫א‬L •
K‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‚01‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫م‬40 50

‫م‬25‫م‬20 ‫م‬100
‫م‬40
‫ م‬170 ‫م‬15


‫م‬10
‫م‬50
‫م‬50 ‫م‬50 ‫م‬50 ‫م‬50 
‫م‬30 50 D=2 m
‫م‬20
‫م‬30 

 E1J 3F

-6-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 5

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬W1J 5
 W‫א‬‫א‬W1J 1J 5
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬
–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EControl PointsF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬J 

-7-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ETechniqueF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬W2J 1J 5
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ETotal Station F‫א‬‫א‬J 
F‫א‬‫א‬EEDMIF‫א‬ 
K‫א‬EElectronic Theodolite
‫א‬‫א‬EData CollectorF‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

-8-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

ESingle SetupF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬EDown loadF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



 
 topcon  sokkia  Leica



 
Trimble geodimeter

E1J 4F

-9-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬J 


‫ذراع‬
 E1J 5F ‫ﺧﻂ‬

‫اﻟﻤﻨﻈﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺮك‬

‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎح‬ ‫ﺿﺒﻂ‬
‫ﺿﺒﻂ‬ 

‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ‬ 
‫آﺎرﺗﺎﻟﺘﺴﺠﻴﻞ‬

‫اﻟﺒﻄﺎرﻳﺔ‬ 
‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎح ﺿﺒﻂ‬ 
‫اﻟﺤﺮآﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ‬


‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ‬ 
‫ﺷﺎﺷﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ‬
‫ﻋﺮض‬ 

‫ﻓﻘﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ‬

‫اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺮاﻳﺒﺮا‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬EEDMF‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬C‫א‬C0.5Z‫א‬

-10-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  EData CollectorF‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
 


 E1J 6F‫א‬


‫א‬W5، ‫א‬W4، ‫א‬W3، ‫א‬: 2، ‫א‬W1

 W7c،W7bWRS-232‫א‬W7a،‫א‬W6،‫א‬
W8b، ‫א‬W8a،: 7e، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W7d
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W14،‫א‬W13، ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EDongleF
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
-11-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 KE–‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬J 1
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬J 2
 K‫א‬J 3
 K‫א‬‫א‬J 4
E‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
501‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬1–0.5‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 6
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 7
 K‫א‬‫א‬J 8


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 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 EParameter Input and OutputF‫א‬‫א‬J 

 Eparameter inputF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE–F‫א‬E‫א‬–F‫א‬‫א‬J 1
 KEF,C,HG,mmHGF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 2
 K‫א‬‫א‬J 3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 4
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬J 6
 KEhiF‫א‬‫א‬J 7
 KEhrF‫א‬‫א‬J 8
 K‫א‬J 9
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 WEoutput data F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 1
 KE‫א‬J J F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 3
 K‫א‬‫א‬J 4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 5
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 6
 K‫א‬J 7
 K‫א‬J 8
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 9
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–10
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 11
 EDownloadingF‫א‬‫א‬J 12
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 13
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 

Zenith  
‫ اﻟﻌﺎآﺲ‬

NORTH
N

S 
E 
‫اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬ AZ
Z
H 
‫اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ‬ V
N 
HA

EAST


‫ﻣﺤﻄﺔ اﻟﺮﺻﺪ‬ 
‫اﻟﻤﺤﻄﺔ‬ 
 E1J 7F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ESF‫א‬‫• א‬
( AZ)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EHAF‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
EVF‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
EZF‫א‬‫א‬ •
 W‫א‬‫א‬EProcessing Unit F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

E1F  ( V )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬C( S )‫א‬‫א‬Z( H )‫א‬‫א‬

E2F   ( Z )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ C( S ) ‫א‬‫ א‬Z( H )‫א‬‫א‬
 

 E3F ( V )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬C( S )‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E4F ( Z )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬C( S )‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬EAzimuthF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E5FE∆F‫א‬HE E F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ZE E F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E6FE∆F‫א‬HE N F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ZE N F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 EAZF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CEHF‫א‬‫א‬ZE∆F‫א‬
 EAZF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CEHF‫א‬‫א‬ZE∆F‫א‬

E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EAZF‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬EHAF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

E7F‫א‬EHAF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬±180±‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W3J 1J 5


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

E ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬  
 W
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬50C50C50‫א‬


 E1J 8F‫א‬


 80J 5016J 12‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬J ‫א‬J
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬WETriangulationF‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
N
 
AZ
 
 
 ‫א‬
 E1J 9F‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WETrilatrationF‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KGPS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬




 E1J 10F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬WEIntersectionF‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬






 E1J 11F‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEResection F‫א‬‫• א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬







 E1J 12F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W4J 1J 5

E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬


-18-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬J 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E––F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
N 
AZ
 
 



 E1J 13F‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
N E1J 14FK‫א‬‫א‬




 

-19-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E1J 15FK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

N







 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
KE{F‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬–F‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬

-20-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬  ‫א‬ •
  ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬
‫א‬1 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E5F‫א‬  E60–40F‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1J 16F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬


 E1J 16F‫א‬


 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

-21-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
 KE1J 17F‫א‬


‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﻀﻠﻌﺎت‬




-22-
 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬

 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK
KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK


-23-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬F

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
–
 ‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬–‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬J 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬ J 1
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E‫א‬{‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 2
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 3
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 4
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
KE
WWE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J 5
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬–‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W5J 1J 5

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WE1J 18F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

P  P P

A B A B A B

1 2 3

P A B
P

C D

A B P
A B C

4 5 6
C  ‫א‬‫א‬∆
D
EpF
 
 ‫א‬
P

A
7 B

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WW6J 1J 5

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEData CollectorF‫א‬J 

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E1J 19F K‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ERS-232F ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬ECordless Remote Control DeviceF‫א‬J 

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ERecording CardF‫א‬J 
PC F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KECard ReaderF‫א‬EComputer

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E1J 20FK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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



 


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬10000‫א‬
 EprocessingF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EgeometryF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬EProductivity & Efficiency)
 E Data CollectorF‫א‬J
 EData ProcessingF‫א‬J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬3J 2‫א‬‫א‬1000J 700
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬W2J 5


Data F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W1J 2J 5
          EDownloading
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ERS-232F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 
  EF1,F2…F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE1J 21F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Edata collectorF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EcardF 
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Ecard readerF
 E1J 22FK‫א‬‫א‬


 E1J 22F  E1J 21F



‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EDownload ProgramF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KELiscad F
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
 L
 
 WLiscad
 WEONF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 

!Error 

 
‫א‬‫א‬( Menu Mode ) ‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 


( card ) ‫א‬‫א‬ 


‫א‬‫א‬ EPROGF‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬









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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬EdownloadF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 

  "Data Output" ‫א‬

  ‫א‬

 ( comms F‫א‬

E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
NO ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 LISCAD E‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 NO ‫א‬ ‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W LISCAD

 ‫א‬LISCAD 

Task ‫א‬ ( NEW FILE ) ‫א‬

. ( field transfer ) ‫وﻣﻨﻬﺎ اﺧﺘﺮ‬

Input > Data Recorder ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ERaw FilesFESave As type F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ECard ReadF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
OK‫א‬Configure... ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
OK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 .‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W2J 2J 5

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ECardF
 W‫א‬‫א‬


 EMeasurements BlocksF‫א‬‫א‬J 
 ‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
EblocksF‫א‬E ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 WECode BlocksF‫א‬‫א‬J 2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬EblocksF‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬Edown loadF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 EMeasurements BlocksF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬

110001+00000000 21.103+09803900 22.103+08849970 31..00+00258533

51....+0100+000 81..00+00255904 82..00-00036142 83..00+000071

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬16‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EcharactersF
 W 
 ‫א‬

K0001Z‫א‬000Z‫א‬E‫א‬FW11J 1
 K98.039ZE‫א‬FW21J 2
 K88.4997ZE‫א‬‫א‬FW22J 3
 K258.533ZEFW31J 4
 KEFW51J 5
 K25.5904ZEEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W81J 6
 K3.6142ZENF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W82J 7
 K‚7194ZEZF‫א‬W83J 8

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬E–F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬

 W
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

110549+00006000 21.323+07291800 22.323+09123700 31..00+00180854

81..10+01172836 82..10+01053110 83..10+00996292 87..10+00001300
410550+00000005 42....+00001101

-34-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ 
H‫ א‬N‫ א‬E‫ א‬ ‫ א‬ ‫ א‬ ‫ א‬‫ א‬‫א‬
99.6292 105.3110 117.283 180.854 91.2370 72.9180 6000  549
 6  0  0
 
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EProcessing ProgramF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

-35-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬J 6

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬J 1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬J 2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬J 3

 W‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J 1
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫ א‬J 2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J 3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J 4
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J 5
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J 6


-36-
 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 WEleicaF‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬W1J 6

 W‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Econfiguration F‫א‬‫• א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EsetupF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EUSER TEMPLATEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
:  cont‫א‬EKKKK‫א‬‫א‬

 SETUP/STATION DATA

x4  W W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ J 1
‫א‬‫ א‬J 2
EE ،N )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 3
‫א‬‫א‬ J 4

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EBSAZFF4‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬0.00 ‫א‬
 . F3‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

،ESIF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(CONFIGF‫א‬
mbar‫א‬،C‫א‬‫א‬،360Z‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،ECW+F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،
‫א‬F3‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEDECF
F6 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F4 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 

or ( ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
)   F3 EUSER TEMPLATEF
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

ETARGETF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
TARGET ‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  F1+F2ESCALE ERROR)
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬EMEASF  ‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W2J 6

‫א‬‫א‬
 K

 W‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
E1J 24F‫א‬‫א‬ •
E1J 17F‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
K •
K‫א‬ •
K •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬–
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K2
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K3
KE1J 25F‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE1J 17F‫א‬ K4
AB‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E100,100FZA‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K5
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ˚350
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬AB‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K6
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
J ‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E–‫א‬
K‫א‬J Escale factorF‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K7
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
–
 ‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
 ‫א‬
K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫ א‬K8
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬– 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬–F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE1J 23FKE–

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ 
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


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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
‫א‬˚180‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬˚180 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE1J 1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 KE1J 3F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE1J 24F
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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2 
‫א‬‫א‬
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1
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
-43-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E1J 6F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ K9

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ o
KE‫א‬‫–א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Edownload )‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬W


 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E ‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE1J 1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
KE1J 2F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE1J 3F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE1J 4F‫א‬E‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬ •
KE1J 4F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE1J 4F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
E ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE1J 5F‫א‬
KE1J 5F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1J 27F
،E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬
 KE1J 27F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬

-45-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE1J 26F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 
B 
‫ﻋﺮض‬

8 ‫اﻟﺸﻮارع‬
10 ‫ﻣﺘﺮ‬ 

N
9 8


12

6
C 
7 4
11
ْ350 = AZ
5
E

2
D 3 
A

1 
      
 F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
  1,2,…
E1J 25F

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 WE1J 1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 

   ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬Face left Face right  ‫א‬

O \ \\ O \ \\ O \ \\

180 00 00 00 00 00 F A

10 5 3
0 2 0 280 52 20 100 52 40 B

180 00 20 00 00 00 A B

10 2 2 286 30 00 106 29 00 C
6 9 0
179 59 40 00 00 00 B C

236 42 20 56 42 20 D
56 4 3
2 0
180 00 00 00 00 00 C D

318 12 00 138 12 00 E
13 1 0

8 2 0
180 00 20 00 00 00 D E

25 2 3 71 25 40 251 25 40 F
1 5 0
180 00 00 00 00 00 E F

66 1 1 246 17 00 66 17 20 A
7 0
71 5 0
9 9 0
00 0 6
0 0
72 0 0
0 0 0
-47-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬


6C70Z‫א‬C70Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬10HF‫א‬‫א‬171.5Z
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

-48-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 WE1J 2F‫א‬E AZF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 

EAZF‫א‬‫ א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E FSF‫א‬ EISF‫ א‬ EBSF‫א‬

 ‫א‬
O \  \\ O  \ \\
315 00 00 AB J J J J J J J J  J J J  J J
J J J
241 29 30 BC 106 29 30 C B A
118 12 10 CD 56 42 40 D  C B
76 24 20 DE 138 12 10 E D C
147 50  0 EF 251 25 40 F E D
34 7 20 FA 66 17 20 A F E
315 00 00 AB 100 52 40 B A F
  720 00 00 Z‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬±180±‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 WE1J 3F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
Hori.dist O  \ \\ Mean ofSlop dist.  ‫א‬
 Em) EmF
 49.395  88  28 00  49.413 AB
 41.085  93  09 00  41.147 BC
 13.450  89  59 00  13.450 CD
 17.588  89  06 00  17.590 DE
 46.050  93  34 00  46.140 EF
 31.348  83  45 00  31.535 FA


-49-
 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FC‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FC‫א‬‫א‬Z

 E1J 26FK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 

˚106′29 ″30

C ˚56′42″40
˚251 ′25 ″40
˚138′12″10
E

D
˚ 100 ′52 ″40

˚ 66 ′17 ″20

-50-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 WE1J 4F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W

      ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
  ‫ א‬ ‫א‬ O  \ \\  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
0.018J 0.004J  34.928 34.928J 315 00 00  49.395 AB
0.010J 0.005J J 36.103J 241 29 30  41.085 BC
 19.609
0.003J 0.002J 6.356J  11.853 118 12 10  13.450 CD
0.002J 0.002J  4.134  17.095  76 24 20  17.588 DE
0.020J 0.003J J  24.516 147 50  0  46.050 EF
 38.981
0.014J 0.002J  25.951  17.585  34 07 20  31.348 FA
0.067J 0.018J 0.067H  0.018H    198.916  ‫א‬


  KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FC‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬J 1
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FC‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬J 2

 2E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FH2E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FZ‫א‬J 3
  0.0694Z‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬W1Z‫א‬J 4
 ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2000W1Z‫א‬‫א‬2866W1Z‫א‬J 5
 ‫א‬C‫א‬Z‫א‬J 6
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬D‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬
 0.0001267Z‫א‬
 ‫א‬C‫א‬Z‫א‬J 7
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬D‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬
0.0005155Z‫א‬
-51-
 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 WE1J 5F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 


‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 100.00  100.00 A  34.910  34.932J
 134.910  65.068 B  19.619J  36.108J
 115.291  28.960 C  6.359J  11.851
 108.932  40.811 D  4.132  17.093
 113.064  57.904 E  39.001J  24.513
 74.063  82.417 F  25.937  17.583
 100.00  100.00 A  00.00  00.00


 ‫א‬H‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬J 8
 ‫א‬H‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬J 9
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬Z( E)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 10
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬Z( N)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 11



-52-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 WE1J 6F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 


 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬W‫א‬KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKWLLW‫א‬
  KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬LL
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
  KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬ KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ O L  LL O L LL ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
BS       00 00 00  FA  F
 0.46H 14.314 14.321 88 08  59 335 15 21 Blc1 
ZZZZ 0.644H 22.629  22.64 88 22  15 315 08 44 Blc3 
ZZZZ J 31.870 31.884 91 45  47 300 54 55  Blc5 
 0.981
BS       00 00 00  AB A
 0.261H 11.85 11.852 88 44  11 310 18 06  Blc2  
ZZZZ 0.700H 21.310 21.321 88 07  02 331 47 52  Blc4  
ZZZZ J 28.342 28.344 90 45  42 344 50 41  Blc6  
 0.377
BS       00 00 00  ED E
 J 6.218  6.22 91 14  01 190 12 33  Blc7  
 0.134
ZZZZ 0.22J 13.410 13.412 90 55  47 181 22 47  Blc8  
ZZZZ J 10.455 10.462 92 02  47 150 01 31  Blc9  
 0.374
BS       00 00 00  DC D
 0.68J 16.27 16.284 92 23  11 75 46 55  Blc11  
 1.78J 27.215 27.273 93 44  56 17 25 16  Blc12  
BS           BA B
 0.896H 13.510 13.540 85 12  23 63 30 28  Blc10  



-53-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 KE1J 27F‫א‬‫א‬W 



10

8 8

12
6
c C
7
4

11
5

E
D 2 A
3

-54-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 .‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
GPS‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬(Resection)‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬(Intersection)‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WE1J 28F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫أ‬ 
‫ﻣﻀﻠﻊ‬

‫ب‬
‫ع‬
‫د‬
‫ﻣﻀﻠﻊ ﻣﻮﺻﻞ‬

A1

A
B1

‫ج‬
B

-55-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬A,B‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬

 EB–AFHA1CBHB1CAZ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 B1HA1 

 EA–BFHA1CBHB1CAZ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 B1HA1 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EA F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KA,B‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KE2F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W3J 6

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K •
K‫א‬EF •
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ o
‫א‬ o
 o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o
 o
‫א‬‫א‬ o
 o
 o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬J 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K1
E1J 29FK‫א‬‫א‬ K2
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ESF‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ E‫א‬F‫א‬  K4
 KE1J 17F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K5
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ESF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K6
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬J 
 ‫א‬J ‫א‬
E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K7
K‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ K8
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EC1,C,D1,D,E,F,F1,A,A1,B,B1F
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬– ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ K9
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬J 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
W‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ESF‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ESF‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ESF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬





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 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬( S )‫א‬‫א‬
 EC1,C,D1,D,E,F,F1,A,A1,B,B1)

D
C


B1 D1
C1

E
S

A1
F1

E1J 29F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 WE1J 7F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬W‫א‬KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKWLLW‫א‬
   KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ LL
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
    KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬‫א‬   KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW‫א‬
  KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKW
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
EF‫ א‬‫א‬ ‫ א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫ א‬ ‫א‬
O L LL O L LL
 440 J J J J J J J J  00 00 00   S
J J J J J J J J
J J  J  J
J J
 443.1 3.10 19.932 20.172  81 09 36 00 04 55 C1 
446.85 6.85 62.033 62.41  83 41 55 05 44 22 C 
442.82 2.82 38.086 38.19  85 45 55 34 28 33 D1
446.04 6.04 73.273 73.521  85 17 16 30 15 44 D 
438.79 J 50.478 50.492  91 22 23 80 18 06 E 
1.21
 434.2 J 68.175 68.421  94 51 46 118 47 52 F 
5.8
 437.1 J 22.697 22.881  97 16 53 122 50 41 F1 
2.9
438.2 J 49.968 50.00  92 03 47 190 25 14 A 
1.80
 439.5 J 22.405 22.411  91 16 42 195 12 33 A1 
0.5
443.42 3.42 33.234 33.409  84 7 29 260 22 47 B 
445.47 5.47 25.282 25.867  77 47 12 300 01 31 B1 

 E1J 30FW‫א‬‫א‬
-61-
 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

447

C
D
.
t.e
445

443

D1

C1

1
44
B1

439 E

437
B

443
A1 F1

441
435

A
F
9
43

-62-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬J 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬J 
 K‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
 ‫؟‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬J 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬º82‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬140.438‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬º5046
́ ˝37‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬º30
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K1
E‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬F300‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
 E100،100F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬J 

-63-
 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬J 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 





 











-64-
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫اﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ واﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺐ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻲ‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

3
‫א‬
‫א‬

2
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪90‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 KE3F15

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
. ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K1J ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 WJ 1
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪60
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
{
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE––F‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -‫أ‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J
 KE gradesF‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J
 K‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬J 
 K‫א‬
EConstruction Survey F ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬


 E2J 1F



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 2
–F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E
 ‫א‬J ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬EEDMF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬J ‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ETotal StationF‫א‬‫א‬W1J 2


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EStakeout)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 E2J 2F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬W2J 2


  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

E2J 3F


 W‫א‬


 WESingle- beam lasers FJ 

Eplumb lines) 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 WERotating –beam lasersF‫א‬J 

 ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬


 


‫א‬ ‫א‬  


 E2J 4F


 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬E Self- levelingF‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 3

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬P 

  
p P
P 



A B A B A
B

P  p  
∆
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
A B A B  ‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬EBMF‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 4

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬J 5

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬J 1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 K W‫א‬‫א‬J 2
 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬J 3
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F  

 W‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 2
 K‫א‬‫א‬J 3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 5
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 6
 K‫א‬‫א‬J 7




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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W1J 5


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KJ 1
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 2
 ‫א‬‫א‬J 3
 J 4
 J 5
 J 6


 W‫א‬‫א‬
 KEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 1
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬J 2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫–א‬‫א‬‫–א‬‫א‬‫–א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Stakeout)J 4
 W‫א‬‫א‬(Target)‫א‬


(polar stake out, orthogonal stake out, Azimuth and distance, coordinate difference )


‫א‬EAzimuth and distanceF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 5
 W‫א‬‫א‬


EstakeoutF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ F1 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
(setup)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬cont
K‫א‬(configuration)‫א‬‫א‬(shift)F2‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F2
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬(stake out, Azimuth and distance)
Target No‫א‬  
 Azimuth‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
HZ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
ESlop Dist.‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 Horiz .Dist‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 [∆H]eight‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 ?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F5 •
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Kshift F4 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
Kshift (Esc)‫א‬ •
(Target)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 6
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W2J 5


 K‫א‬   
 W‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K K2
K2 K3
‫א‬ K4
‫א‬ K5
  K6

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
F500‫א‬E914F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2J 5F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬E2J 6F‫א‬J 2
‫א‬15ZEF‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬E920F‫א‬
 KEF‫א‬‫א‬

-76-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 E{F‫א‬EF
 K15ZW

 25Z2E20FH2E15FZ2EFH2EFZ

 E2J 5F‫א‬
916 917 N 
921
921 922
 E2J 6F‫א‬
1 1
915 914 920 919
 

912 913 927 928

1 1
‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬
‫رﻗﻢ‬

‫ج‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬

30
920
36.06 
20 
20 25

36.06
25
30 15
‫د‬ ‫ص‬ ‫س‬
49.24 25
20

1‫ص‬

913 927

-77-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬FEF‫א‬‫א‬J 3
 K‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬
 EF‫א‬‫א‬ ˚180‫א‬‫א‬J 4
 K‫א‬‫א‬180‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬EF‫א‬E30F‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬J 5
 ‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F
 K30‫א‬˚180‫א‬
 WEF‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬J 6
 1J 
 ˚33′41″24ZE20FEFZ‫א‬
 30
 36.06Z2E20FH2E30FZ2EFH2EFZ


33′41″24‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬J 7
 ˚
 Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬
 EF‫א‬‫א‬˚213′41″24ZE334124H180F
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬E36.06F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬J 8
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F
 K36.06‫א‬˚213′41″24
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EFJ 9
 KE˚270F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬E20F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬J 10
 ˚270‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F
 K20‫א‬
 E،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 11
 K‫א‬‫א‬20،30
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 12
 W
-78-
 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬


 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 914WW500W



916 917‫א‬ 
N 


 915 

 920




 W‫א‬

 30917‫א‬W
 3020W
 2015W
 20915W
 EF600Z‫א‬

 {W‫א‬

 E2J 7F

-79-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬W
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 KEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 1
 WE2J 8F‫א‬

921 
923
 N 
 2 27 8 
 920  32 8 
 2  919 2
18 
33 0
  2 
5

 ‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬
500 
 


 
927 928 929 


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EFJ 2
 WEF‫א‬‫א‬EF
 ‫א‬25Z‫א‬
 WEF‫א‬EF‫א‬G
 32.02Z2E20FH2E25FZ2EFH2EFZ
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬EFJ 3
 K‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EFJ 4
 K‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬˚90‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

-80-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬E20F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬J 5
˚90‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬‫א‬F
 K20‫א‬
‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬J 6
 WE2F‫א‬
 0.542118003Z2E27.85FJ 2E33.05FH2E20FZ2J 2H2Z
 33.05C20C2CC2

 K˚57́10˝19Z‫א‬

˚57́10˝19‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EFJ 7
́10˝19Z˚57́10˝19H˚90‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬
 K‫א‬EF‫א‬˚147
‫א‬33.05‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬J 8
˚147́10˝19‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF E‫א‬‫א‬F
 K33.05‫א‬
‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EFJ 9
 KEF‫א‬˚180‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E26.00F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬J 10
˚180 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EFE‫א‬‫א‬F
 K26.00‫א‬
،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 11
 KE32.80ZFE27.85ZFE18.00ZF
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬J 12
 W

-81-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 918WW500W


 
 922 923 
 N


 
919 
‫ﻣﺨﻄﻂ‬ 
500




 W‫א‬
 K27.85923‫א‬W
 2620W
 K1815W
 K20919‫א‬W
 510.58Z‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬FZ
 {W‫א‬

E2J 9F

-82-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 13
 K260.00ZEF‫א‬
 K250.58ZEF‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E2F‫א‬510.58Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

-83-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W3J 5
F4.5‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E4Z
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬0.5Z‫א‬
 K

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬J 1
 J 2
 ‫א‬‫א‬J 3
 J 4
 J 5

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬1,2,3,4‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬AB ‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬‫א‬
100ZEBMF‫א‬ K2
‫א‬‫א‬EBMF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K3
KEBMF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬BM
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬A,1,2,3,4,B
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K5
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬4F‫א‬ K6
 KE0‚5‫א‬

 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 E2J 10F

BM

A
1
2
3
4 B

 WE2J 1F

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ J ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ H‫א‬
‫א‬
 EF‫א‬  EF‫א‬  EF  EF  EF  EF
     100   102  2 BM
   0‚5  100.5  1.5    A
   1.0  101  1    1
 0‚2    99.8  2.2    2
 0‚8    99.2  2.8    3
 1    99  3    4
 1.5    98.5  3.5    B



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬? J 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 





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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫اﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ واﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺐ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻲ‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

3
‫א‬
‫א‬

3
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪90‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 KE4F20
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 ‫א‬‫א‬
1J ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 WJ 1
          ‫א‬   ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 KEF‫א‬‫א‬EF


 W‫א‬‫א‬J 2


 W( Horizontal curves )‫א‬‫א‬W1–2




 E3J 1F

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 WESimple Circular Curve F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W1J 1J 2

‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3J 2J 1F‫א‬


 WECompound Circular Curve F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W2J 1J 2

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬E3J 2J 2F‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K{


 WEReverse Circular Curve F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W3J 1J 2

‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   E3 J 2 J 3F      
‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬      ‫א‬ { ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 Espiral curve F‫א‬‫א‬W4J 1J 2

 ،‫א‬‫א‬ 
   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬   E3J 2 J 4F‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬     E‫א‬F ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

-89-
 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬




 E3J 2F

‫ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ داﺋﺮي‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫ﺑﺴﻴﻂ‬
‫א‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ اﻟﺪاﺋﺮي‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫اﻟﻌﻜﺴﻲ‬
‫א‬

‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ اﻟﺪاﺋﺮي‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺐ‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
(4-1-3)
( 2 ) ‫א‬ (4 )

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W ( Parabola Vertical Curve)‫א‬‫א‬W2–2

‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬      {    ‫א‬
K  g–   ‫א‬  g +   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ g    ‫א‬‫א‬  
 E3J 3F


K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 EFW1J 2–2
 E3J 4FK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



+g1% -g1%

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 WW2J 2–2
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬








-g1% +g1%




 


 E3J 5F‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
KEF‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

KE‫א‬–F‫א‬ •
ESymmetrical Parabola Vertical Curve F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 : ( Elements of Simple Circular Curve )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 3

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K(1)EAASHTOSDMSF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W1J 3

Radius of curve (R)  ‫א‬ K1
Deflection angle ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
Tangental length (T)  ‫א‬ K3
Length of Curve (L) ‫א‬ K4
Chord Length (C) ‫א‬ K5
Mid Ordinate (M) ‫א‬‫ א‬K6
External Distance (E) ‫א‬‫ א‬K7
Point of Curvature (P.C) ‫א‬ K8
Point of intersection (P.I) ‫א‬ K9
Point of tangency (P.T) ‫א‬ K10
Degree of Curvature (D) ‫א‬ K11


--------------------------------------------------------------------
AASHTO- SDMS ;(1)
The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials –Surveying Data Management system .
 
-94-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

WE3J 6F
PI 


T E
T 
L

M 
P.C n c P.T


R R 

 


0 
‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3J 6F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬0‫א‬P.I‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬P.T, P.C
‫א‬‫א‬EnFEc F‫א‬ EP.T- 0 - P.IF{EP.C- 0 -P.IF‫א‬
L2Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W2J 3
 
 Degree of Curvature ( D F‫א‬ J 1
،10‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E30J 20F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
10 m  2*R* π Z‫א‬‫א‬
 πZPI= 3.1416
D
D  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
R R
10 m D (degree) = C
2*R* π ْ 360

D (degree) = 573
R
‫א‬20Z‫א‬‫א‬

D (degree) = 1146
R

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 (∆)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(L)‫א‬J 2

 (degree ) ْ L = ∆
ْ 360 2*R* π

ْL = π*R*∆
ْ 180
  ْ∆ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

*L ْ = 180 ْ ∆
π*R

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1J 3F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 (T)‫א‬J 3
⎛∆⎞
⎜ ⎟ T = R* tan
⎝2⎠
 (C)‫א‬J 4
⎛∆⎞
⎜ ⎟ C = 2*R*sin
⎝2⎠
 (E)‫א‬‫א‬J 5
⎛ ⎞
⎜ ⎟
] ⎜ 1 ⎟ − 1E = R *
⎜ ⎛∆⎞⎟
[
⎜ cos⎜ ⎟ ⎟
⎝ ⎝ 2 ⎠⎠
 (M)‫א‬‫א‬J 6
⎛ ⎛ ∆ ⎞⎞
⎜⎜1 − cos⎜ ⎟ ⎟⎟ M = R*
⎝ ⎝ 2 ⎠⎠
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(P.I,P.T,P.C)‫א‬‫א‬J 7
 (P.C)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Stat P. I = stat P.C + T .
Stat P.T = stat P.C + L .

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

E 0-P.I-P.TF‫א‬ET F‫א‬‫א‬E3J 6F‫א‬W

 E0-n-P.TF‫א‬ECF‫א‬

 WE1F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
P.C‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ C = 50 m‫א‬ ∆ = 60º 30′ 
 K26+30
 W‫א‬

C = 2*R* sin (∆/2)‫א‬Z

50 = 2*R*sin 30º 15′

R = 49.63 m‫א‬Z
T = R* tan (∆/2) , T = 49.63* tan 30º 15′ = 28.94 m‫א‬Z

L = π * R* ∆˚ = 3.1416 * 49.63* 60.5º = 52.41 m ‫א‬Z

˚ 180 ْ 180
Dº = 573 = 573 = 11º 32′ 44″ ‫א‬Z
R 49.63

E =R* ( 1 -1) = 49.63* ( 1 - 1) = 7.82 m‫א‬‫א‬Z

cos (∆/2) cos 30º 15′
M = R* (1 – cos ∆/2) = 49.63 * ( 1 – cos 30º 15′ ) = 6.76 m‫א‬‫א‬Z
stat P.I = stat P.C + T‫א‬Z
= 26 + 30 + (28.94)
= 26 + 58.94
stat P.T = stat P.C + L ‫א‬Z
= 26 + 30 + (52.41) = 26 + 82.41


-98-
 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W E2F
‫א‬ 43º 18′ 12″(P.C- P.I)(AZ)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
P.C‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬103º 36′ 34″(P.I- P.T)‫א‬‫א‬
ZP.T‫א‬‫א‬(500 m ,513.22 m)P.C‫א‬‫א‬13+20
 K(610.64 m,546.09 m)

 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J 1
K(0)‫א‬‫א‬P.I‫א‬‫א‬ J 2

 W‫א‬
∆x (P.C-P.T) = 110.64 m ‫=ﻓﺮق اﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎت‬
∆y (P.C-P.T) = 32.87 m‫=ﻓﺮق اﻟﺼﺎدات‬

C= (∆x (P.C-P.T))2 + (∆y (P.C-P.T))2 = 115.42 m‫א‬Z

= AZ (P.I-P.T) – AZ (P.C-P.I)˚∆‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ =

= 103º 36′ 34″ - 43º 18′ 12″ = 60º 18′ 22″ ˚ ∆

∆º/2 = 30º 09′ 11″
C = 2*R* sin ∆º/2 (‫) ﺣﺴﺎب ﻧﺼﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺮ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻃﻮل اﻟﻮﺗﺮ وزاوﻳﺔ اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬
R* sin 30º 09′ 11″ , R = 114.89 m*115.42 = 2
Dº = 573 = 4º 59′ 15″ ‫א‬Z
R
T = R* tan (∆/2 ) = 66.74 m = ‫א‬

L = π *R* ∆º = 120.93 m‫א‬Z

180º

-99-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

E=R ( 1 -1) = 114.89 ( 1 -1) = 17.97m‫א‬‫א‬Z

Cos(∆/2) cos 30º 09′ 11″
M = R ( 1- cos ∆/2 ) = 15.55 m ‫א‬‫א‬Z

Stat P.C = 13 +20 ‫א‬=

Stat P.I = 13 +20 + (66.74) = 13+ 86.74 ‫א‬Z

Stat P.T = 13 +20 + (120.93) = 14 + 40.93 ‫א‬Z

AZ ( P.C- O) = AZ ( P.C-P.I) + 90º

= 43º 18′ 12″ +90º= 133º 18′ 12″


 W ‫( ﺣﻴﺚ إن‬O) ‫א‬‫א‬

XO = X P.C + R * sin AZ ( P.C-O) ‫=اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻲ اﻟﺴﻴﻨﻲ‬

YO = Y P.C + R * cos AZ (P.C-O)= ‫اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻲ اﻟﺼﺎدي‬
XO = 500 + 144.89 * sin 133º 18′ 12″ = 583.61 m
YO = 513.22 + 114.89 x cos 133º 18′ 12″ = 434.42 m

 W ‫( ﺣﻴﺚ إن‬P.I) ‫א‬‫א‬

X P.I = X P.C + T * sin AZ (P.C - P.I)

Y P.I = Y P.C + T *cos AZ (P.C- P.I)
X P.I = 500.00 + 66.74 * sin 43º 18′ 12″ = 545.77 m
Y P.I = 513.22 + 66.74 * cos 43º 18′ 12″ = 561.79 m

-100-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 WE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W3J 3
(P.C)‫א‬EX ,YF‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬Y‫א‬‫א‬X‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE3J 7FK‫א‬


3
PI 

2
T 
T
Y3

Y2
1 Y1 
2 3 
1
P.C P.T




R R 



0


2 2
Yi = R - R - Xi

 (P.C)‫א‬X‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬← Y
 P.C‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬←X
 ‫א‬ ←R

-101-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W (t)‫א‬‫א‬
. R * sin⎛⎜ ∆ ⎞⎟ = c Xt =
⎝2⎠ 2

. M = R × ⎛⎜⎜1 − cos⎛⎜ ∆ ⎞⎟ ⎞⎟⎟ Yt =

⎝ ⎝ 2 ⎠⎠
 Yt(Y)Xt ‫א‬‫א‬

 W
‫א‬‫א‬230‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬K40º 48′‫א‬
20Z‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ZR= 230mJ W‫א‬L‫א‬
∆
24 0 = 20 ، 48 0 ∆ = 40‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z
2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z X= 20 m
 J W(t)‫א‬‫א‬J 1
∆
= Xt = 80 . 17 m ⎛⎜ ⎞⎟ Xt = R* sin
⎝2⎠

⎛ ∆ ⎞
= Yt = 14. 43 m ⎜⎜1 − cos⎛⎜ ⎞⎟ ⎟⎟ Yt = R*
⎝ ⎝ 2 ⎠⎠

 W(P.C)‫א‬‫א‬(t)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 2

2 2
Yi = R - R - Xi

 W(Xi)
X1 = 20m , X2 = 40m, X3 = 60m X4 = 80m ,X5= 80.17 m


-102-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬Yi‫א‬‫א‬
 WE3J 1F

2 2
X ( m) Yi = R - R - Xi (m)
20 0.87 m .
40 3.05m.
60 7.96m.
80 14.36m.
80.17 14.43m.


 WEDeflection AnglesF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W4J 3
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 E3J 8FK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


P.C Ø

Li 




 Ø = 1/2 *Ө ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Ө = 2* Ø

-103-
 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬E3J 8F‫א‬

Li = 10 m
˚ Ө D
 
 WӨ

D * Li ˚ Øoi =
20

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬20‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Ø oi = D o ×Li
40

Deflection angleEØF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
(Li)‫א‬‫• א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬( T.C )‫א‬‫א‬

T.C = 2*R *sin Øi


 W‫א‬‫א‬( S.G )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

S.G= 2*R*sin (Øi – Øi-1)

-104-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 L
‫א‬200‫א‬
 K2256.59Z‫א‬˚30‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬10Z‫א‬(D◦)‫א‬J 1
 ‫א‬‫א‬
D = 572.96 = 572.96 = 2.8648 o
o

R 200

 W(P.T)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(P.C)J 2

Stat P.C = stat P.I – T

⎛∆⎞
⎜ ⎟ T = R* tan ‫א‬Z
⎝2⎠
T = 53.59m

Stat P.C = 2256.59 – 53.59 = 2203.m = 22+03 m‫א‬‫א‬Z

Stat PT = stat P.C +L

L = π *R* ∆ o = 104.72 m‫א‬Z

180 o

Stat PT = 2203 + 104.72 = 2307.72 m.= 23+07.72 m‫א‬Z

-105-
 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 E20DF≥‫א‬   J 3


 10Z200‫א‬
 20
 22 +10ZP.C
 23+00ZP.T

 WE3J 2F‫א‬‫א‬ J 4

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬
o o
Direction Station Ø i = Li × D T.C = 2R sin Øi SC = 2Rsin (Øi-Øi-1)
20
O / //
--- PC= 22+03 00 00 00 0, 0 ----
1 22+10 01 00 10 7 7
2 22+20 02 26 06  17  10
3 22+30 03 52 03 27 10
4 22+40 05 18 00 37 10
5 22+50 06 43 56 47 10
6 22+60 08 09 53 57  10
7 22+70 09 35 50 67 10
8 22+80 11 01 46 77 10
9 22+90 12 27 43 87 10
10 23+00 13 53 40 97 10
(P.T) 23+0.7.72 15 00 01 104.72 7.72


-106-
 ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

WEP.CF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

PI

T
T
Ø1
o
1 21
Ø2 3
o
Ø3
o
P.T
P.C

R R

 E3J 9F

-107-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

(Symmetrical Parabola Vertical Curve)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 4


‫א‬(VPC)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬(VPI)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(VPI)‫א‬
 E3J 10FW،EVPTF‫א‬



VPI
‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎس‬
‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎس‬
‫اﻷول‬
e ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬
+g1% - g2%

L/2 L/2
VPC VPT

yi

xi

-108-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W1J 4
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E3J 10F‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬g2%,g1% K1
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 VPT‫א‬ VPC ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ZL K2
 Eg2-g1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ZA K3
 (Point of Vertical Curvature)‫א‬‫א‬VPC K4
(Point of Vertical Intersection)‫א‬‫א‬VPI K5
 (Point of Vertical Tangency)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬VPT K6
 K(VPI)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z(∆e) K7
 ‫א‬(i)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z( xi ) K8
 ‫א‬‫א‬i‫א‬Z( yi ) K9

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W2J 4

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(VPC,VPI,VPT)‫א‬
 J W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 1
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬VPC‫א‬ 

  Elev. VPI = Elev VPC + g1 * (L/2)
100 
 ‫א‬ZElev. VPI ،‫א‬ZElev VPC
Elev VPT = Elev VPI + g2 * (L/2) K
100 
 K‫א‬ZElev VPT

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬J 2
  Elev VPC + g1 * (xi)Z‫א‬‫א‬i
100
 VPC i ‫א‬Zxi
 W‫א‬‫א‬
  Elev VPT +(- g2) * (xi)Z‫א‬‫א‬i
100
 VPT i ‫א‬Zxi


‫א‬‫א‬ELF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 3
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(VPC)‫א‬ 
 E‫א‬Fstat VPI = stat VPC + L/2
 E‫א‬Fstat VPT = stat VPC + L


 K(A)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 4
 A = g2 – g1


 VPI‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(∆e)J 5
 ∆e = A* L
8 
 K(r)‫א‬‫א‬J 6
 r= A
L

 WEVPCF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 7
 X= - g1
 r       
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(∆y)‫א‬J 8
 ∆y = r * (xi)2
2
 VPTVPCi ‫א‬Zxi
 W‫א‬‫א‬J 9
 E‫א‬‫א‬F y =‫א‬‫א‬+∆y

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 WE1F
-5.1%‫א‬‫א‬+3.4%‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬18+32 ‫א‬20.245 mZ(VPC)‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K4.675 m( VPI)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E100 mZ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
A = g2 – g1 = - 5.1% – 3.4%= - 8.5% = 0.085‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z
∆e = A * L ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z
8
∆e = 4.675 = 0.085 * L
8
L = 440 m‫א‬Z
10− 4 , r /2 = -0.966* 10− 4 r = A = -0.085 = -1.932* ‫א‬Z
L 440
stat. VPI = 18 + 32 + 220 = 20 + 52
stat. VPT = 18 + 32 + 440 = 22 + 72

Elev. VPI = 20.245 + ( 3.4/100 * 220) = 27.725 m

Elev. VPT = 27.725 + (-5.1/100 * 220) = 16.505 m
 WE3J 3FW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫ א‬ ‫ א‬ ‫ א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬

Point Station E xi F‫א‬  Elevation ∆y = r/2 * (xi)2 (y) ‫א‬
 (m)  (m) (m) (m)
VPC 18+32 0 20.245 0 20.245
19+00 68 22.557 -0.447 22.110
20+00 168 25.957 -2.726 23.231
VPI 20+52 220 27.725 -4.675 23.050
21+00 172 25.277 -2.858 22.419
22+00 72 20.177 -0.501 19.676
VPT 22+72 0 16.505 0 16.505

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬100‫א‬‫ א‬o
 ‫א‬‫א‬EVPT F‫א‬EVPI F‫א‬ (VPCF‫א‬
‫א‬ 20+00,19+00(∆y)‫א‬ o
VPC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬xi ‫א‬E2)‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬22+00{21+00K
 K‫א‬‫א‬g2%VPT‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬xi ‫א‬E2)

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Yp= a + b*Xp + c*Xp ²

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
a = Elev VPC
b = g1
c = r/2
 W‫א‬
Yp= Elev VPC + g1*Xp + r/2* Xp ²

‫א‬p‫א‬Z Yp : ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬
Kp‫א‬VPC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Xp

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 WE2F 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 L‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬r/2 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 Xp=68 m , (19+00)‫א‬‫א‬ J 1

 * (68²))=22.11 m 10− 4 Y= 20.245 + 3.4*(0.680) + (-0.966*



 Xp=168 m , (20+00)‫א‬‫א‬ J 2


 * (168²))=23.23 m 10− 4 Y= 20.245 + 3.4*(1.68) + (-0.966*

 Xp=220 m , (20+52)VPI‫א‬‫א‬ J 3

 * (220²))=23.050 m 10− 4 Y= 20.245 + 3.4*(2.2) + (-0.966*

 Xp=268 m , (21+00)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 4

 * (268²))=22.419 m 10− 4 Y= 20.245 +3.4*(2.68) +(-0.966*

 Xp=368 m , (22+00)‫א‬‫א‬ J 5


*(368²))=19.675 m 10− 4 Y= 20.245+3.4*(3.68)+(-0.966*

 Xp=440 m , (22+72)‫א‬‫א‬ J 6


* (440²))=16.504 m 10− 4 Y= 20.245+3.4*(4.4) +(-0.966*

 
    

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 WE3F 
‫א‬‫א‬-2.3%‫א‬‫א‬260 m
K12+00‫א‬12.345 mZEVPCF‫א‬‫א‬+4.8%
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(50 m)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬11.500 m‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬
A = g2 – g1 = 4.8% + 2.3 %= 7.1%= 0.071‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z

10− 4 , r/2= 1.365* 10− 4 = r = A = 2.73 * ‫א‬

L
=∆e = A.L = 2.307 m‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
8
 W‫א‬‫א‬
stat VPI = 12 + 00 + (1 +30) = 13 + 30 F‫א‬(VPI
stat PVT = 12 + 00 + (2 + 60) = 14 + 60F‫א‬VPTE
Elev VPI = (130 * -2.3/100)+12.345 = 9.355 m ‫א‬
=( 130*4.8/100)+ 9.355 = 15.595 mF VPT E ElevF‫א‬VPTE


 WE3J 4F‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬

Point Station Elevation ∆y= r/2 *(xi)2
E xi F‫א‬  (y)‫א‬
 (m) (m) (m) (m)
VPC  12+00 0  12.345  0  12.345
12+50 50 11.195 0.341 11.536
13+00 100 10.045 1.365 11.410
VPI 13+30 130 9.355 2.307 11.662
13+50 110 10.315 1.652 11.967
14+00 60 12.715 0.491 13.206
VPT 14+60 0 15.595 0 15.595


-114-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬J 5

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 2
 KW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 3

 W‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 2
 K‫א‬‫א‬J 3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 6
 K‫א‬‫א‬J 7


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W1J 5

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E2F J 1
 J 2
‫א‬‫א‬ J 3
 J 4
‫ א‬J 5
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 (P.I)‫א‬ K2
‫א‬
‫א‬P.I
‫א‬P.I‫א‬‫א‬E∆F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 –180˚Z˚∆‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
P.I 


‫ه‬
‫أ‬ ‫ب‬ 


‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮر‬

(R)‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

∆
T = R*tan ⎛⎜ ⎞⎟ ‫א‬ ( P.C - P.T )‫א‬
⎝2⎠
‫א‬ (P.C)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 P.I‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  P.T‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ T  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬YTO.XTO(TO)‫א‬ K6
∆
. ⎛⎜ ⎞⎟ XTO = R*sin
⎝2⎠
⎛ ∆ ⎞
. ⎜⎜1 − cos⎛⎜ ⎞⎟ ⎟⎟ YTO = R*
⎝ ⎝ 2 ⎠⎠
‫א‬P.C‫א‬(PI-P.C)‫א‬← XTO‫א‬
 K‫א‬(TO)(YTO)‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬(Xi) K7
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Yi)‫א‬
 E3J 1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Yi = R- R2 − X 2I

P.I 

XTO 
YTO 
X2
X5 
Y2
X1 Y1 
X4
22 TO 5 5 
11
44

P.C P.T

‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎس‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎس‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 8
 ‫א‬E1,2,TO F‫א‬P.C‫א‬(P.C- P.I)‫א‬(X1,X 2 ,XTO)

 ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Y1,Y2,YTO)‫א‬‫א‬
(P.T-P.I)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ E11,22,TOF
 P.T‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(X4,X5)‫א‬
(Y4,Y5)‫א‬P.I‫א‬‫א‬
(Y4,Y5)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬E44,55F‫א‬(P.T-P.I)‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬EP.C,11,22,TO,55,44,P.TF‫א‬‫א‬

















-118-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W2J 5
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 J 1
 J 2
 ‫א‬J 3
 J 4
 J 5
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬5–1‫א‬‫א‬
E3J 2F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

P.I 

ø5 
T
ø4 T

ø3 11 22 33
ø2 
44

ø1 55


P.C P.T


‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎس‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﺎس‬
 J 3

-119-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EP.CF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬P.I‫א‬ 
‫א‬E11‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ø1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E11F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
P.I‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K •
ø2  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬Eø2J ø1F
P.I‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E22‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ←W ‫א‬
‫א‬{‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬øi
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ •
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ P.I‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W3J 5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EVPC,VPI,VPTF

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬J
 J
 J
 J
 ‫א‬‫א‬J

 ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬F B.M ‫א‬‫ א‬K1
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
KGPS‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
‫א‬‫א‬EF E VPC,VPI,VPT F
 KE3J 4F،E3J 3F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬g1,g1 ‫א‬ K3
 W‫א‬

+g %
g g
-g % 


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EVPC,VPI,VPTF‫א‬
 ‫א‬ K4
‫א‬‫א‬GPS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KEVPI-VPTF‫א‬EVPC - VPIF‫א‬
 VPI ‫א‬ VPC ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K5
 ‫א‬
 EVPC - VPIF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KEEDMF‫א‬
KVPT‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EVPI-VPTF
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EVPCF‫א‬‫א‬ K6
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EB.MF‫א‬‫א‬EVPCF‫א‬
EVPCF‫א‬‫א‬ EB.MF‫א‬‫א‬EB.SF‫א‬
 W‫א‬EVPCF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF.S1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 F.S 1ZEELV.BMHB.SFJ ELV EVPCF
 
‫א‬445ZELV (VPCF ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬448EB.MF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬1ZEB.SF 
 WEF.S1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 EF.S1FZELV.B.M+ B.S1J ELV(VPC)
 EF.S1FZE448H1FJ 445
 EF.S1FZ4 m

EVPC F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF.S1F‫א‬‫א‬
4‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2‫א‬2
 1  5‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EVPC F‫א‬
 K‫א‬4‫א‬



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

EB.S1F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ K7

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1ZB.M‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 F.S2ZELVB.M+B.S1- ELV(1)
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ELV(1)
 446.5Z‫א‬

F.S2Z448H1J 446.5
 F.S2= 2.5m

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K8
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 EB.MF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


VPI


B.S 

F.S2

F.S1

B.M 
VPC VPT 


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 



 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J 

 W
 ˚60´32˝14= ∆‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 80.53ZERF‫א‬ •
 10 + 8 5ZEP.CFWE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ •


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬EYF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
63.5{60{50{40{30{20{10{{EXF‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 181.21ZERF‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 
1.9J ‫א‬‫א‬٪2.3H‫א‬‫א‬
 650  J 

‫א‬15.321ZEPVCF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪
 ‫א‬E100F‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬18H20
2.1H‫א‬‫א‬٪3J ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬320 J 

‫א‬‫א‬E50F‫א‬W‫א‬٪
K42+35 ‫א‬50.342ZE PVTF‫א‬

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   209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬







 1
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬






-125-
   209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬

 W‫א‬
–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  W‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬
 WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ˚180CE2J FZ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ˚180CE2HFZ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬{‫א‬
 WEF‫א‬


 C˝70Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ 

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   209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬E‫א‬F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 J W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬J ‫א‬J  
 ZZ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 {‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

180±‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬±‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 



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   209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬±180±‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ 

‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬C‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CZ∆ 

 WE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬C‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CZ∆ 


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   209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬

 ZΣ ∆Z‫א‬

ZΣ∆Z‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ZΣ ∆‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ZΣ∆‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 2EΣ∆FH2EΣ∆FZ‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬  
 W1Z‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬   

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


1 
‫ ـــــــــــــــــــ‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
2000 
 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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   209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬CZEδ)‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬CZEδ)‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬±‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬ 
 δ±∆Z́∆ 
 ‫א‬±‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬ 
 δ±∆Z́∆ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W

‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ́∆H‫א‬ Z

‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

́∆H‫א‬Z


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   209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 2
 K‫א‬J 3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 4
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬J 1
 K‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬J 2
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 3
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫–א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 


 W‫א‬‫א‬J 4
 K‫א‬‫א‬


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   209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬J 5
‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬J  
 Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 1H 
 ‫א‬C2J  
 Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 1H 
 ‫א‬E1HFJ  
 ZE1HF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
1H ‫א‬‫א‬ 

 K‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬J 6
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬J 7

 ‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬ 
 
2E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FH2E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FZ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W1Z‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬ 
2000W1Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

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   209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬J 8
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬J 9
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬J 10
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 






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   209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬











 2
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬





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   209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬←{{
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z1

11‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z1
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z1

 1 J W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(sine low)‫א‬J 1
 1Z1Z1
 

 (cosine low)‫א‬J 2
2E1FJ 2E1FH2E1FZJ 1
 1C1C2
 2E1FJ 2E1FH2E1FZJ 2
 1C1C2

 2E1FJ 2
E1FH2E1FZJ 3
 1C1C2

 E1‫۔‬FCE1‫۔‬FCE1‫ ۔‬FCZ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 1H1H1Z‫א‬Z
 2



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   209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K2002،K،‫א‬K،‫א‬ J 1
K1999،‫א‬K،‫א‬‫א‬K،K، J 2
K،K،K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J 3
K1995،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J 4
K2003،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

th
1- ELEMMENTARY SURVEYING, PAUL R.WOLF,BRINKER,8 Edition, 1989.
2- SURVEYING,MOFFITT,BOUCHARD,8th Edition, 1987.
3- SURVEYING PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS,BARRY
F.KAVANAGH,S.J.GLENN BIRD,4th Edition, 1996.
4- SURVEYING WITH CONSTRUCTION APPLICATIONS, BARRY
F.KAVANAGH, 3rd Edition, 1997 .
5- SURVEYING FOR CONSTRUCTION,WILLAM IRVINE 4th Edition, 1995 .
6- TPS1100 Professional Series, Leica ,User Manual


 WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

1- www.usq.edu.au.
2- www.cartome.org
3- www.tpub.com/content/engineering
4- www.profsurv.com
5- www.licaadvantage.com

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   209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K 
 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K 
 1K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 2K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K WJ 1
 4K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬J 2
 4 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬J 3
 5K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬J 4
 7K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 5
 7K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬W1J 5
 7K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬W1J 1J 5
 8K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬W2J 1J 5
 15 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W3J 1J 5
 18 K K K K K K K E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W4J 1J 5
 26 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W5J 1J 5
 27 K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WW6J 1J 5
 29 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬W2J 5
 29 K K EData DownloadingF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W1J 2J 5
 33 K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W2J 2J 5
 36 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬J 6
 37 K K K K K K K K K WEleicaF‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬W1J 6
 40 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W2J 6
 57 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W3J 6
 63 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K 
 65 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 66 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K WJ 1
 68 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 2
 68 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ETotal StationF‫א‬‫א‬W1J 2
 69 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬W2J 2

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   209  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  3  ‫א‬

 71 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 3
 72 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 4
 73 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬J 5
 74 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W1J 5
 84 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W3J 5
 86 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K 
 87 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 88 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K WJ 1
 88 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬J 2
 88 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W( Horizontal curvesF‫א‬‫א‬W1–2
 91 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W ( Parabola Vertical Curve)‫א‬‫א‬W2–2
 94 K K K K : ( Elements of Simple Circular Curve )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 3
 94 K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W1J 3
 96 K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W2J 3
 101 K K K K WE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W3J 3
 103 K K K K K K K WEDeflection AnglesF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W4J 3
 108 K K K K K K (Symmetrical Parabola Vertical Curve)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 4
 108 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W1J 4
 109 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W1J 4
 109 K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W2J 4
 115 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬J 5
 116 K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W1J 5
 119 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W2J 5
 121 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W3J 5
 124 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K 
 125 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬
 125 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K 1
 134 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K 2
 136 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
GOTEVOT appreciates the financial support provided by BAE SYSTEMS