JNTU ONLINE EXAMINATIONS 
[Mid 2 - b.     Indefinite
ACS]
1. An equilibrium state Xe of the system is
stable in the sense of Liapunov, S(ε)
there exists an S(δ) such that the
trajectories starting in S(δ)
a.     Does leave S(ε) as t 0 a.
b.    Does not leave S(ε) as t  
c.     Does leave S(ε) as t  α c.      definite scalor function the system is
d.     Does leave S(ε) as t  0 b.     UInstable
2. A scalar function V(X)=(X1+X2)2 is
a.     Indefinite
b.     definite
c.     Semidefinite
d.    +Ve Semi definite
3. A scalar function V(x) is said to be
definite if
a.     -V(x) is -Ve definite
b.    -V(x) is +ve definite
c.     V(x) is +Ve definite
d.     V(x) is  13.  For an Linear Time invariant system
4. A scalar function V(x) is said to be '-Ve'
semi definite if -V(x) is
a.     positive definite
b.     -Ve definite
c.     +Ve definite
d.    +Ve Semi definite
5. A scalar function V(x)=  is
a.     +Ve Semi definite
c.     V(x)>0 for all non zero values of X in
c.     +Ve definite
d.     -Ve semidefinite
6. A spherical region in the n-dimensional
state space around an equilibrim state
Xe as
α b.     
d.      following system
7. If `δ' does not depends on ''
the equilibrium state is said to be
a.     uniformaly unstable
b.     non uniformly stable
c.     uniformaly Asymptotic stable
d.    uniformly stable
8. An equilibrium state `Xe' is said to be
unstable if for some real number
a.      ,δ<0
b.     ,δ>0
c.      , δ <0
d.      system mathop X limits.(t) =
9. A scalar function V(x) is said to be
positive definite in a region `Ω' if
a.     V(x) <, V(0) = 0
b.     
c.     Zero input under vibratory initial
`Ω' V(0)=0 condition
d.     V(x)>0 for all non zero values of X in d.     Non zero input vibratory initial conditions
15.  For an Linear time invariant system
`Ω'  f(x(t), t) = AX(t)=0, if `A' is singular
there are _ _ _ _ number of state
10.  In second method of Liapunov the time
variable
derivative of the total energy must be
a.     Finite
a.     +Ve definite
b.    Infinite
b.    -Ve definite
c.     Two
c.     Indefinite
d.     Four
d.     Semi definite
16.  If mathop V limits.(X)is negative
11.  Fnd a Liapunov function for the
a.     Stable
 
a.     Function is +Ve definite c.     Asymptotically stable
b.    Function is -Ve definite d.     Marginally stable
''
c.     Function is Semi definite 17.  What is the necessary and sufficient
d.     Function is Indefinite condition of Q
12.  Liapunov function is V(X) = XTPX, what a.     Q = - (ATP+PA) is +Ve definite
b.     Q = - ATP is -Ve definite
is  ? c.     Q = PA is definite
d.     Q = -APT is +Ve definite
a.     -XQX, where Q = (ATP+PA)
18.  If the system is non Linear there may be
b.    -XTQX, where Q = -(ATP+PA)
_ _ _ _ _ equilibrium points
c.     XTQX, where Q = -(ATP+PA)
a.     One
d.     QX where Q = PA
b.     Two
f(x(t),t)=AX(t) = 0, if `A' is non c.     One (or) more
singular there is _ _ _ _ _ _ Equilibrium d.     more
point
19.  Find the equilibrium points of the
a.     Two
b.     Three
 
c.     One
a.     (0, 1)
d.     Five
b.     (0, 2)
14.  In second method of Liapunov, what is
vibratory system c.     (0, 5)
a.     Zero input d.    (0, 0)
b.     Non zero input
20.  The trajectories starting in S(δ) does 25.  After chosing the region S(ε), then what c.     without leaving S(δ) c.     Asymptotically stable
not leave region will you find in the 'n'-
d.     with leaving S(ε) d.     Globally stable
diamensional space
a.     S(δ) 31.  A Scalar function V(X) is said to be 37.  Vibrating system is stable when the
a.     δ positive definite in a region _ _ _ _ _ _ total energy is continuously _ _ _ _
b.     δ
b.    S(δ)
c.     ε a.     ε a.     increasing
c.     ε
d.    S(ε) b.     δ b.    decreasing
d.     S(ε)
21.  As for as a L T I V system is concerned, c.     Ω c.     constant
if the system is locally stable it is 26.  The real number `δ' depends on _ _ _ _
d.     S(ε) d.     decresing and again increases
automatically _ _ _ _ __
32.  A scolar function V(X) = -(3X1+2X2)  is 2
38.  Liapunov function is _ _ _ _ _
a.     Instable a.     ε
a.     Semi definite a.     Scalar function
b.     Stable b.     t0
b.    Negative Semi definite b.     Vector function
c.     Globally stable c.     ε and t0
c.     Indefinite c.     Algeberaic function
d.     Indefinite d.     S(ε)
d.     Positive definite d.     Quadratic function
22.  Stability in the sense of Liapunov and if 27.  The trajectory starting in S(δ) does not
evey solution starting _ _ _ _ _ leave S(ε) as `t' go to _ _ _ _ 33.  Which of the following system is to 39.  What is Liapunov function?
produce zero input under vibratory
a.     Within S(δ) a.     α initial conditions? a.     Energy function
b.     Out of S(δ) b.     finite b.     Non Energy function
a.     Translational system
c.     Within S(ε) c.     0 c.     Vector function
b.     Rotational system
d.     Out of S(ε) d.     t = to d.    Fictitious Energy function
c.     Mechanical system
23.  S(δ) consists of all the points such 28.  The region S(δ) such that the 40.  In spring mass damper system, the total
d.    Vibratory system
trajectories orginating within _ _ _ _ _ _ Energy consists of _ _ _ _ _
does not leave S(ε). 34.  In second method of Liapunov, total
energy is _ _ _ _ _ definite function a.     Potential Energy
that  ____
a.     S(ε)
b.    Kinetic Energy
a.     > δ a.     Negative
b.     δ
c.     Potential & Kenetic energy
b.     < δ b.     Non zero
c.     ε
d.     No energy
c.     ≤ δ c.     Positive
d.    S(δ)
41.  A scholar function V(X) = -(3X1+2X2)2 is
d.     Semi
29.  If the system is not globally stable, to
findout the _ _ _ _ region in state space 35.  If the origin of the linear system is a.     Negative Semi definite
d.      δ
for which the system is stable stable it is automatically _ _ _ _ b.     Positive definite
24.  S(ε) consists of all the points such
a.     small a.     Asymptotic stability in the large c.     Negative definite
b.    large b.     Instable d.     Negative Semi definite
that  ____
c.     δ c.     Stable 42.  The Linear system is globally
a.     > ε asymptotically stable at origin if and
d.     ε d.     Asymptotic stable
only if for any given symmetric positive
b.     < ε
30.  Stability in the sense of Liapunov and 36.  The trajectory starting within S(δ) and definite matrix P & Q satisfies
every solution converges _ _ _ _ _ _ converges without leaving S(ε) then the
system is a.     ATP+PA = -Q
c.      ε a.     within S(δ)
b.     APT+PA = Q
a.     Stable
b.    without leaving S(ε)
c.     AP + ATP=Q
d.    ≤ ε for all τ  to b.     Unstable
 d.     AP+PA = -Q
43.  The Linear system is globally
asymptotically stable at origin if and
only if for any given
a.     Positive definite matrix
b.     Symmetric positive definite matrix
c.     Symmetric positive definite matrix P
&Q
d.     Negative matrix
44.  Symmetric positive definite matrix `P'
exists which is the unique solution the
scalar function is
a.      matrix P such that
b.    V(X) = XTPX
c.      c.     F= PJ(x)
d.      55.  Which of the following provides a
45.  In time varying function V(X, t) is said
to be positive definite in a region `Ω' if
a.      for all t  to
b.     V(o, t)=0 for all t  to
c.     V(X, t) > V(X) for all t  to
d.      for all t  to
46.  A scalar function V(X) is said to be
definite if -V(X) is
a.     Semi definite
b.    Positive definite
c.     Positive Semi definite
d.     Negative definite
47.  A scalar function V(X) is said to be
negative semi definite if -V(X) is
a.     Semi definite
b.     Negative definite
c.     Positive definite
d.    Positive Semi definite
48.  A scalar function V(X)=X1 +(X1+X2)  is
2 2
a.     Negative definite
b.    Indefinite
c.     Positive definite
d.     Semi definite
49.  A scalar function V(X)=2X22+X1 X2 is
54.  The nonlinear system is asymptotically
a.     Indefinite
b.     Semi definite
c.     Positive definite
d.     Negative definite
50.  A scalar function V(X) is said to be
indefinite in region Ω if it asume
a.     Positive values
b.    Positive and Negative values in `Ω'
c.     Negative value
d.     Positive definite
51.  What are the methods available for
fiuding nonlinear continuocs time
autonomous systems
a.     The Krasovskii method
56.  Who suggest the variable gradient
b.     The variable Gradient method
c.     Krasovskii & Variable Gradient
method
d.     Liupunov method
52.  Standard (or) Canonic forms of systems
have been proposed by _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ for wich lyapunov functions have
been developed
57.  In variable gradient method grad V (x)
a.     Lure & Letov
b.     Gibson
c.     Kravisokii
d.     Lyapunov
53.  Matrix 'P' is known to be symmetric
there are only _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
c.     
independent equations to be solved
a.     (n+1)/2
d.     
58.  Equilibrium stability of non linear
b.      autonomous system was studied using
a.     Gibso
c.     
b.     Kravosskii
c.     Second method of Lyapvnov
d.    
d.     Indirect method of lyapvnov
59.  Lyapunov function is basically a
stable at the origin if there exists a
generalization of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
constant positive definite, symmetric
_____
a.     total system energy
a.     F = JT (x) P + PJ(x)
b.     energy
b.     F = JT (x) P
c.     half system energy
d.     3/4 of system energy
d.     F = JT (x) P + PTJ ( mathop x limits)
60.  Which of the following method provides
necessary & sufficient conditions for
simple test for stability, without the
stubility?
need to solve for roots
a.     Lyapunov indirect method
a.     Kravasiki
b.    Lyapunov direct method
b.     Gibson
c.     Gradient method
c.     Routh huriuitz
d.     Kravoskii method
d.     Lyapunov
61.  The feedback system is given
method for generating lyapunov
function?
by  Y =  X find the
a.     Krasovskii system is observable (or) controllable?
b.    Schultz & Gibson a.     controllable
c.     Schultz b.     observable
d.     Gibson c.     controllable but not observable
d.     not observable
must be symmetric, the toral equations
is 62.  Without loss of generality, the
controllability matrix of system is
a.     
a.     
b.     n/2
b.     U = [B:AB]

c.     U = [A  B]
d.     U = [B AB ]
T
63.  The Lyapunov functions for linear
systems result in a simple method for
studying _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of
systems
a.     stcady state behaviour
b.    transient behaviour
c.     dynamic behaviour
d.     stable
64.  If system is controllable and bi  b.    Anderson
is the  column of B, then there
exists a feedback matrix ki , such that
the single input system mathop X
limits. = (A + B Ki) X + bi ri is
a.     not controllable
b.    controllable
c.     observable
d.     not observable
65.  Consider a SISO, mathop X limits.=
 X the system is
a.     controllable
b.    both controllable and observable
c.     observable
d.     not controllable
66.  The pair { A+BK1, b1 } is
a.     Observable
b.    Controllable
c.     Not observable
d.     Not controllable
67.  Consider a SISO system ( mathop X
limits  = 
)
X +  UY
=  X is the given system is
observable (or) controllable?
a.     observable & controllable
b.     not observable
c.     controllable
d.     not controllable
68.  Consider a SISO system ( mathop X
limits) =  X +  UY
=  X is the system is
controllable?
a.     controllable, not observable
b.    controllable
c.     not controllable
d.     observable not controllable
69.  What is the main goal of a feedback
design is
a.     to improve the transient behaviour
b.     not to improve stability
c.     not to improve transient
d.     improve dynamic behaviour
70.  Who was presented the fundamental
result on pole placement by state
feedback?
a.     Kravasokii
b.    Wonham
c.     Gibson
d.     Lyapunov
71.  The coefficients of the characteristic
polynomial can be given by
a.     (A+BK)
a.     input
b.     b.     output
c.     state feedback
c.     (A + b ) d.     state forward path
77.  The main goal of a feedback design is to
stabilize
d.     
72.  For a multi input system, there will be _ a.     stable behaviour
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ control laws which b.     stable plant
achieve the same pole configuration
c.     input
a.     One
d.    unstable plant
b.     Two
78.  Who was developed time domain
c.     Many methods?
d.     Three a.     Kravasokii
73.  In SISO systems, while the poles are
shifted by state feedback, the zero's
remain _ _ _ _ _ _ c.     Gibson
d.     Wonham's
a.     changed
79.  In MIMO, the numerators ors of some
b.     unchanged
elements of the transter function matrix
c.     unchanged after the introduction of will be changed after introducing _ _ _ _
state feedback ______
d.     changed after the introduction of state a.     state feedback
feedback
b.     state forward path
74.  The zero's can have a profound effect
upon the shape of the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ c.     forward path
d.     feedback path
a.     steady state respone
80.  In full order observers, the
b.    transient response
measurement model may be written as
c.     dynamic response _________
d.     stable response a.     Y = AX
75.  The state feedback control law for pole b.    Y =CX
placement is unique for _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
___ c.     Y = AX+BU
d.     Y = MX
a.     single output system
b.     multiple input systems
c.     multiple output system 81.  The differnce 
d.    single input systems
76.  Wonham showed that a controllable
(t)=y(t)-  (t) is multiplied by an
system is always pole assignable by
nXq real constant matrix M, then this
appropriate _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
observer is
 a.     Asymptotic estimator d.     mathop x limits. (t) = AX+BU c.     Noise 95.  In reduced order observer, apparent
difficulty in implementing the observer
b.     Estimator 85.  The pair {A,C } is observable, by duality d.     Parameter variation
is the differntiation of the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
c.     Instable 90.  In full order observer, the problem of ___
determining a stable observer & the
d.     Stable estimator the pair {A  } is a.     Input 'X' is required
state feedback control law separately is
82.  The output Y=CX, is compared called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ b.     Input 'X' is not required
a.     Observable
b.     Not observable a.     Separation principle c.     Output 'Y' is required
with  = C  the c.     Not controllable b.     Controllable d.     Output 'Y' is not required

d.    Controllable c.     Observable 96.  In full order observer, state

difference  (t) is 86.  In full order observer, the plant model d.     Principle of superposition
of linear time invariant system is given 91.  An observer contains redundancy represent  what is
by because 'q' state variable can be directly representation in reduced order
a.      (t)=y(t)-  (t) - y(t) obtained from _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ observer?
a.     mathop X limits. = AX + BU; X(0) =
X0 a.     q input
b.     (t) = y(t) -  (t) b.     mathop X limits. = AX + BU b.    'q' output a.     
c.     mathop X limits  =X (0)
.
c.     P input
c.      (t) =  (t) ± y(t) d.     mathop X limits. = AX + BU d.     P output b.     b
87.  In full order observer, the 92.  In reduced order observer, the output
d.      (t) = X(t) -  (t) vector may be expressed as _ _ _ _ _ _
____ c.     
83.  The dynamical equation of the error  will decay to 0 if M is
asymptotic estimator is given by chosen such that all the eigen values of a.     Z = C12 X1
the matrix (A+MC) lie in the _ _ _ _ _ _ d.      b
b.     Z = C22 X1
____ 97.  In full order observer, state vector
a.      (t) = A  (t) c.     Z = BU
represented by A-what is representation
a.     RHS
b.     X(t) = AX +BU d.    Z = A21 X1 of state vector in reduced order
b.     On Imaginal observer?
93.  The characteristic equation will become
c.     Left half plane ak (s) = s2 - s+k1 + k2 s, the stability
c.      (t) = A (t) + BU(t) - depends on
d.     On centre a.     
88.  In full order observer, M is completely a.     not depends on k1 & k2
M  (t)
observable the matrix M is chosen _ _ _ b.     choice of k1
_____ b.    
c.     proper selection of k2
d.      (t) = M  (t)
a.     Real value
d.    proper choice of k1 and k2
84.  In full order observers, the state error c.     
b.    Conjugate pairs
vectors is 94.  The matrix (A-BK) decides the stability
c.     Complex value of the system, by properly selecting K
the sytem is d.     
d.     Real & distinct
a.     x(t) =  (t)- X(t) 98.  How to eliminate noise in full order
89.  In full order observer, the gain matrix a.     Stable
'M' quite large, the observer very observer?
b.     Unstable
b.     (t) = X(t) -  (t) sensitive to any a.     LC filter
c.     Asymptotically stable
a.     Vibration b.     LC parallel filter
d.     Instability
c.     y(t) =  (t) -X(t) b.    Observer noise c.     Kalman filter
 d.     RC filter 108.            Calculus of variations is the branch a.     complex number
of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
99.  In reduced order observer has direct d.     x  D b.    real number
link from the observed variable y(t) _ _ a.     Chemistry
103.            What is the main theoretical c.     complex conjugate
_________
approaches to the optimal control b.     Physics d.     odd number
system design?
c.     Science 114.            The set of all real numbers
a.     to the estimate state  (t) a.     Calculus of variations associated with the functions in 'Ω' is
d.    Mathematics
b.     to the state X(t) b.     Optimal control called the _ _ _ _ _ _
109.            The optimal control theory
c.     to the estimate state Y(t) c.     Control law techniques as minimum principal of _ _ a.     Range of Functional
_____
d.     to the state Y(t) d.     Trajectory form b.     Real Number
100.            In reduced order observer, the 104.            Calculus of variations is used to a.     Pontryagin c.     Complex Number
finding of trajectories that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ b.     Additive d.     Boundary values
_ _ a given functional
c.     Homogenity 115.            The principle of Homogeneity
estimate  (t) will be more
a.     Maximize represents _ _ _ _ _ _ _
sensitive to measurement errors in Y(t) d.     Superposition
than the setimate senerated by _ _ _ _ _ b.     Minimize
110.            Algebraically, the maximization of a.     f(α q) = α f(q)
____
c.     Maximize or minimize a function implies the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
b.     f(q) = αf (q)
a.     Observer d.     Optimize a.     Minimization of its negative c.     f(α q) = f(q)
b.    Full order observer 105.            The classical results are b.     Minimization of positive d.     f(α q) ≠ αf(q)
c.     Reduced order observer transformed into modern optimal
control framework through the c.     Maximize of negative 116.            The necessary condition for
d.     Output noise introduction of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ differentiable function 'f' at the point
d.     Maximize of positive
101.            If the inequality Δf= f(x)- x* be _ _ _ _ _
a.     feed back 111.            What is the increment of functional
J? a.     df(x,Δx)=0
b.    plant equation constraints
f(x*)  0 then the 'f' has an _ _ _ c.     feed forward path a.     ΔJ = J(x*)<0
____ b.    df(x x)=0
d.     control law
a.     relative maximum b.     ΔJ = J(x ) *
0
106.            The optimal control is said to be in
b.     local minimum the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ c.     df(x x) ≠0
c.     relative minimum a.     Control function c.     ΔJ = J (x)  0 d.     d2f(x, Δx) >0
d.    absolute minimum b.    Open loop form 117.            What is a functional 'J' is a
transformation ?
102.            If the inequality Δf= f(x)- c.     Control law d.    ΔJ = J(x) -J(x*)
a.     Mapping
d.     Closed loop form 112.            A function 'f' is a linear function of
'q' if and only if it satisfies the principle b.     Minimization
f(x*)  0 the 'f' holds for all _ _ _ 107.            The Optimal control is said to be in
of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
____ the closed loop form and the function 'f' c.     Maximization
is called the _ _ _ _ a.     Additivity
a.     xε D d.     Variation
a.     Open loop form b.     Homogeneity 118.            A functional 'J' is a transformation
b.     Control law c.     Additivity & Homogeneity that assigns to each function 'x' in a
b.     x  D certain class Ω is called _ _ _ _ _
c.     Optimal control law d.     Non additivity
a.     Minimum number
d.     Closed loop form 113.            The domain of the functional is _ _
c.     x  D
_______ b.     Parameters
 c.     Domain of functional b.     X(to) = Xo
d.     Calculum of variation c.     f(q + q  ) = f(q c.     X(to)=Xf
123.            If the functional J(x) =  ;
119.            The domain of a functional is a ;then the function is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
class of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  + f(q
d.    X*(to)= Xo, 
a.     Linear function
a.     Vectors d.     f (α q) ≠ α f(q)
132.            Find a trajectory joining (to, xo) to
b.     Non linear function
b.    Functions 127.            If f(t) = 5 t for all 't' , then the (t1, x1)such that the integral along this
c.     Quadratic function function is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ trajectory x=x*(t) given by
c.     Number
d.     Euler function a.     Linear function
d.     S col ars
124.            The fundamental theorem of the b.    Non Linear function a.     
120.            A functional 'J' with domain Ω has calculus of variations is if x* is an
a relative minimum for x*(t) if there is a external, the variation of J must vanish c.     Quadratic function
on x* _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ d.     Euler function b.    

neighbourhood  of x*(t) such

that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a.      c.     
128.            If the functional J(x) =  ;
;then the function is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
a.     for every x(t)  b.      to d.     
a.     Linear function 133.            In variational problem, x(tf), tf both
specified what is the boundary
b.     x(t)  N c.      for all admissible  b.    Non linear function
conditions?
c.     Quadratic function
a.     X*(to) =Xo, X*(tf)=Xf
c.     X(t)  d.     = for all admissible  d.     Euler function
b.     X(to) = Xo, X*(tf)= Xf
d.     X(t) ε M 125.            Functional of function is defined as 129.            The fundamental theorem to
_______ determine extrema of functionals c.     X*(to)= Xo, X(tf)=Xf
depending on a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ d.     X(to)=Xo
121.             is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a.     Single function 134.            In fixed end points problem, the
a.     J(x) = 
necessary condition for x*(t) to
a.     Lagrangine equation b.     Double function
extremize J(x), may be expressed as
b.    Euler equation c.     Euler function
b.     J(x) = 
c.     Tracking problem d.     Quadratic function
a.     
d.     Control problem 130.            In control problems state
c.     J(x) = 
trajectories are determined by _ _ _ _ _
122.            Find an extremal for the _____ b.     
d.    J(x) =  a.     Control Histories
functional  dt, boundary 126.            The principle of additivity is _ _ _ _ b.    Control Histories & Initial conditions c.     
condition x(0) = 0 & x(π/2) =1 __
c.     Initial Conditions
a.     x*(t) = cos (t) a.     f(α q) = α f(q)
d.     Functionals d.     
b.     x (t) = tan (t)
*
131.            In variational problem, x(tf) free, 135.            What is Euler Lagrange equation in
c.     x*(t) = sin (t) b.     f(q + q  )≠ f(q tf specified what is the boundary fixed end points problem?
conditions?
d.     x*(t) = cot (t)
 + f(q a.     X*(to) =Xo
a.     
 d.     Energy 143.            In minimum principle, U is
unbounded, the control equation is _ _ _
b.      139.            In constrained minimization, a set c.     
______
of necessary conditions for an
(n+p)X1 Vector function Z* to be an
c.      extremal for a functional of the form _ _ d.     
_______ a.     
148.            The minimum principle has been
applied to problems in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
d.     
b.     
136.            The total increment in 'J' due to a.     J(z)=  a.     Control Systems
b.     Optimal Control Systems
c.     
b.     J(y)=  c.     Continuous time system
variation ' ' in 'x' is given by
d.    Discrete time system
d.     
c.     J(z)=  149.            Minimum prinicple is not
a.     J(x)= J(x+ ) 144.            In pontryagin's original work is universally valid for the case of _ _ _ _ _
b.     Δ J(x, δx) = Jx referred to as the maximum principle ____
d.     J(x)=  because of the sign difference in the
c.     Δ J (x, δx)= J(x+δx) - J(x) definition of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a.     Discrete time system
140.            What is the assumption for obtain
d.     Δ J (x, δx)= J(x+δx) the solution of optimal control b.     Optimal control system
a.     Hamiltonain
137.            Find the Euler Lagrange equation porblems? c.     SISO
b.     Euler
for extremal of the functional
a.     U was unbounded d.     Continuous time systems
c.     Cribson
b.     U was bounded 150.            What is linear continuous time
d.     Kravoskii
J(x)=  state equations?
c.     λ was unbounded
145.            Who was modified Minimum
d.     λ was bounded prinicple? a.     X=A(t)X(t)

a.      141.            What is optimal control law in a.     Jordan

continuous time linear regulators? b.     (t)= A(t)X(t)+B(t)U(t)
b.    Jordan and polak
a.     U (t)=K(t)Y(t)
*
c.     Euler
b.     U*(t)=X(t) c.      (f)= B(t)U(t)
d.     Gibson
b.      d.     X(t)=AX+BO
c.     U (t)=K(t)X(t)
*
146.            Who is the most significant
d.     U(t)=K(t)X(t) contribution to optimal control theory? 151.            _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is used to
c.      finding of trajectories that maximize
142.            What is optimal performance index a.     Kravosiki (or) minimize a given functional
in continuous time linear Regulator?
b.     Cribson
a.     Euler principle
c.     Euler
b.     Chemistry
a.     
d.      d.    Pontryagins
c.     Calculus of variations
138.            In constrained minimization, the 147.            In control and state variable
d.     Physics
Euler-Lagrange equation must be b.      inequality constraints, the state
satisfied by external regardless of the _ constraints are of the form 152.            To improve the transient behaviour
________ by using _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
c.     
a.     Optimal control a.     Feed back design
a.     
b.    Boundary condition b.     Feed forward
d.    
c.     Augmented functional c.     Controller
b.    
 d.     Change inputs d.    Minimum time problem c.     Minimize (or) maximize 167.            The perfromance measure to be
minimized is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
153.            In minimum control problem, what 158.            Jordan and Polak was modified _ _ d.     Minimize and maximize
is the performance measure? _________ a.     J = tf - to
163.            To transfer a system from an
a.     Energy problem b.     J = t2 - t1
a.      b.     Control problem c.     J = t2
arbitrary initial state  to a
c.     Minimum principle specified target set S is d.     J = to - tf
b.     d.     Maximum principle a.     Medium time 168.            Which of the followifng is the
example of minimum time problem?
159.            What is the special case of b.     Maximum time
Tracking problem? a.     Electric heater
c.      c.     Undetermined
a.     Fuel problem b.     Heat Exchanger
d.    Minimum time
d.      b.     Energy problem c.     Missiles
164.            The positive and negative
c.     Time problem deviations are equally undesirable, the d.     Dash pot
error is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
d.    Regulator problem 169.            A possible performance measure
154.             is performance measure a.     2 times
160.            In Rocket engine, Rate of fuel
given by _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
consumption is proportional to the _ _ _ b.    Squared
________ is  represents _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
a.     Tracking problem
c.     3 times _ problem
b.     Energy problem a.     Rate of thrust
d.     4 times a.     Minimum time
c.     Fuel problem b.    Magnitude of thrust
165.            An admissible trajectory X* is b.    Minimum control
d.     Minimm time problem c.     Square thrust called an _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
c.     Minimum control
155.            Functions is a class of the _ _ _ _ _ d.     Square of fuel consumption a.     Optimal control
______ d.     Tracking
b.    Optimal trajectory
170.            An admissible control u* is called
a.     Real number
c.     Minimum control an _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
161.             is called the norm of the _
b.     Scolars
__________ d.     Maxmum control a.     Optimal control
c.     Vectors
166.            The optimal control problem is to b.     Optimal trajectory
d.    Domain functional
a.     Vector  c.     Minimum control
156.            The equilibrium state is said to be
uniformly state the `δ' does not find a control  which causes the d.     Maximum control
depends on _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ system _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
b.     Scalar  171.            What is first order, continuous time
system state equation?
a.     to
b.     t1 c.      a.     

c.     (t1 - to ) a.     

d.     t2 d.     Vector  b.     

157.            Missiles is the example of _ _ _ _ _ 162.            An optimal control is defined as b.    

______ one that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the c.     
performance measure
a.     Tracking problem c.     
a.     Minimizes
b.     Control problem d.     
b.     Maximizes
c.     Energy problem d.     
172.            What is first order, discrete time a.     Unique 182.            The performance index to
system state equation?
b.     Non unique c.     
c.     Unique & Non unique be  comes under _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
a.      d.     Unique or Non unique __ d.     
177.            A regulator problem is the special a.     Tracking problem 187.            The set of admissible state
b.      case of a trajectories X is admissible if _ _ _ _ _ _
b.     Minimum fuel problem
____
a.     Minimum time problem c.     Minimum time problem
c.      b.     Minimum control problem d.    Minimum energy problem
a.     
c.     Tracking problem 183.            Physical limitations of system
d.      d.     Minimum energy problem components constraints on state
variable and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are b.    
173.            The design of an optimal controller 178.            The Magnitude of thrust of the frequently necessary
is based on the following factors rocket engine is proportional to the _ _
relating to the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _________ a.     System components
c.     
a.     Plant & nature of connection a.     Fuel consumption b.     State variable

b.     Plant b.    Rate of fuel consumption c.     Constraints

c.     Nature of connection
d.     Optimal control
174.            A regulator problem, the desired
state values are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
c.     Inversily fuel consumption
d.     Square of fuel consumpton
179.            Optimal control theory is the set of
___________
d.     
d.    Control variable
188.            In minimum time problem the
184.            A control which satisfies the performance index to be minimized is _
control constraints during the entire _________
control interval (t0, t1) of interest will be
called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a.     J = t0-t1

a.     r(t) = 0 a.     State vector b.    J = t1-t0

a.     Admissible trajectory
b.     Scalar values b.     Control law
b.      c.     State equations c.     
c.     Admissible control
c.     r(t) = 0 for all t d.     State variables d.     Optimal control
180.            Optimal control theory is the set of d.     
185.            In Minimum Time Problem, the
state equations which describes the objective is to transfer a system from 189.            What is example of minimum time
d.    r(t) = 0 for all 
behaviour of the initial state X0 to the specified target problem?
175.            In tracking problem a performance sets in the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
measure _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a.     Dynamics of plant a.     Train
b.     Dynamics of controller a.     Minimum time
b.     Bus
c.     Dynamics of whole system b.     Maximum time
a.      c.     Aircraft
d.     Statics of plant c.     Zero time
d.     Car
181.            A state trajectory which satisfies d.     Infinite time
b.      190.            The performance index to
the state variable constraints during the 186.            The U(t) is admissible if _ _ _ _ _ _
entire time interval [t0, t1] will be called ____
__________
c.      be  , comes under _ _ _ _ _ _ _
a.     Optimal control ___
a.     
d.      b.     Admissible control a.     Tracking problem

176.            An optimal control exists it may be c.     Control law b.     Minimum fuel problem
b.     
___________ d.    Admissible trajectory c.     Minimum time problem
 d.     Minimum energy problem 195.            Which of the following with a a.     Tracking problem
minimum expenditure of energy?
191.            What is the examples of minimum b.     Energy problem
time problem? a.     Minimm time problem c.     State Regulator Problem
a.     Car b.     Tracking problem d.     Fuel problem
b.    Missiles c.     Fuel problem
c.     Bus d.    Minimum energy problem
d.     Train 196.            Number of problems u2(t) is
measure of instantaneous rate of
192.            Thrust - to - consumption ratio, the
expenditure of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
criterion will take the form _ _ _ _ _ _ _
___ a.     Power
b.    Energy
a.      c.     Workdone
d.     Tracking problem
b.      197.            Which of the following problem is
in connection with the analysis of rocket
propelled space craft?
c.     
a.     Minimum Time Problem
b.     Tracking problem
d.     
c.     Minimum fuel problem
193.            In order to minimize fuel
consumption of a jet engine the d.     Minimum Energy problem
performance index is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 198.            The rate of fuel consumption of a
jet engine is proportional to the _ _ _ _
______
a.     
a.     Energy
b.     Mass
b.     
c.     Fuel
d.    Thrust developed
c.     
199.            The performance index to

d.     
be  comes under _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
194.            Relative to the desired state X1,
__

a.     Mini time problem

quantity  can be viewed is the _ b.    Minimum fuel problem
_________
c.     Minimum energy problem
a.     Instantaneous error
d.     Tracking problem
b.     Integral square error
200.            Which of the following with the
c.     Instantaneous system error minimum integral square error?
d.     Square error