Professional Documents
Culture Documents
y Lot layouts.
y The outline of physical objects such as buildings,
walls etc.
y Symbolic information illustrating fences etc.
y Notations in text form.
y Dimensions of polygons, traverse lines, offsets to
structures etc.
Structure of Subdivision Plans
y Each parcel is a closed entity.
y Dimensions are often “as measured ” and figures may
not be mathematically exact.
y Each plan may be on a different orientation.
y “Connections” may be shown to the corners of nearby
parcels and to reference marks.
y Certain dimensions may be implied such as road and
easement widths.
y Some dimensions may be compiled from previous
plans and not derived from survey.
Day to day issues
y Methods of boundary definition have not really
changed for a hundred years.
y Currently labour intensive and requires skilled people.
y Must properly address the use of GPS as CORS
becomes stablished
y The complexities of current land ownership systems
(strata, stratum, community schemes etc.,) may need
a new approach to what is a “Land Title”.
y Many issues which can affect a title are stored in GIS
systems
Boundary Data in a GIS
Points Control
Parcel- Spatial Information
Parcel – Non Spatial Information
Connectivity between parcels
y Connectivity is by points and by line points
Point connection
Lot B
Lot A
Line point
connection
Cadastral Model
y Has plans, parcels, lines, points and control points
y A parcel has the dimensions for its surround and all
the associated connections.
y Points are initially created from parcel dimensions
y Control points are entered as “fixed” points.
y A least squares adjustment is used to update point
coordinates .
y The LSA uses control points as “fixed points” and
treats parcel dimensions as ”observations”
Geodetic Framework
Katherine
0.3
0.25
0.2
Metres
0.15 Distance
0.1
0.05
0
1 25 49 73 97 121 145 169 193 217 241 265 289
Points
Digital Cadastral Development in NT
y 1990 – Need to coordinate Pastoral Leases
y Development of SPICAD