• Introduction

• Feature Coding

• Field Operation Coding

• Extended Operation Coding

• When we go in the field we are looking to
capture information quickly and
accurately .
• This captured data is then visualised in
another medium.
• How do we do this?
– Capture
– Process
– Present
• Surveying … capture “points” by various
means:
– Total Station
– GNSS
– Manual.

• Which ever method, we aim to generate not

only “points” but also more complex
objects.
• We use Field Coding during capture to
control the automatic creation of these
objects.
• Manual reduction
– Historically done this way.

• Computer reduction
– Survey Engineering Software Systems
• From simple Calculators
• To PC computer applications.

• LISCAD reduction uses the Field

Coding to auto generate all the objects.
• Paper Plans
– Historical and still required today.

• Digital Data
– ASCII
– DXF
– LandXML…..
• The final product can be ready
immediately after reduction.
• The objective is to define the object in the
field as quickly and as accurately as
possible.
• By assigning a “Code” we can completely
define the Point, Line or Polygon Objects.
• Surveying Instruments have powerful data
collection applications for fast collection and
coding.
• The Feature Codes
and their attributes
are defined in a Code
Table.
• The Feature Codes
and their attributes
are user definable.

• The Feature Code

Structure is also
user definable.
• The flexibility available in defining the feature
code structure, as well as look up tables and
code tables, ensures that virtually any field
coding system used can be successfully
interpreted by the System.
• Operation Codes are used by the System
to automatically carry out certain
functions in the reduction process.
• Saving time in the Field by reducing the
required observations
• Saving time in the Office by automatically
creating desired objects and complex
geometric structures.
• Supported Systems
– Leica/Wild
– Trimble/Geodimeter
– Topcon
– Sokkia
– Nikon
– TDS
– Carlson SurvCE
– Plus more….
 Field Measurements
• Measured Offsets
• Move a Point along a Line
• Create a circle with a
radius point
• Line types & Building
Wings
1 : Straight Line String
2 : Curved Line String
3 : Circle by Radial and Centre Pnt
4 : Circle by Diameter Points
5 : Circle by 3 Circumference Pnts
6 : Arc by 3 Circumference Points
7 : Arc Between Tangent Lines
8 : Building Wings
 Extended String & Point Functions
• OP CODE 10 - Repeat Point

• OP CODE 11 - Close Current String

• OP CODE 13 - Join existing points

• OP CODE 14 – Description

• OP CODE 15 - New Point Identifier

• OP CODE 16 - Point on Line

• OP CODE 17 – Rectangle

• OP CODE 19 - Remove R.L. from last point

• OP CODE -19 - Remove elevation from the current point and all points following
 Dimension Codes
• OP CODE 30 - Symbol Edges

• OP CODE 31 - Symbol Center line

• OP CODE 32 - Symbol with a Defined Direction

• OP CODE -32 - Isolated Symbol with defined direction (after observation)

• OP CODE 33 - Symbol Between Two Points

• OP CODE 34 - Create Symbol with defined direction (after observation)

• OP CODE -34 - Create Isolated Symbol with defined direction (after observation)

• OP CODE 35 - Create Symbol from 2 edge points and an offset point (after first
observation)

• OP CODE 36 - Create a fully defined Symbol at one measured point with the
direction defined from a second measured point
 Field Template operations

• OP CODE 40 to 48 - Field Templates

• OP CODE 49- Field Templates, End a

Field Template Definition

• OP CODE 50 to 59 - Predefined Codes

String extension operations
• OP CODE 60 - Add last observed point to end of string

• OP CODE -60 - Add last observed point to start of string

• OP CODE 61 - Add any previously observed point to end of string

• OP CODE 65 - Create a line from existing points.

• OP CODE 66 - Extend a line with existing points.

• OP CODE 69 - User Notice - Add a user defined warning to the

reduction error report.
Control Line/Building operations
• OP CODE 70 - Define control line or end control line operation

• OP CODE 71 - Point by station and offset

• OP CODE 72 - Points by building (orthogonal) measurements

• OP CODE 73 - Orthogonal Line String

• OP CODE 74 - Point by Intersecting Distances

• OP CODE 75 - Create a secant offset point.

Parallel and Secant Operations
• OP CODE 80 - Parallel line by measured points

• OP CODE 81 - Section Number Definition

• OP CODE 82 - Section Offset and Height difference

• OP CODE 83 - Parallel line(s) by predefined section

• OP CODE 84 - Start or End Secant functions

• OP CODE 85 - Secant Distance, Change in Elevation, Secant Width

• OP CODE 86 - Secant Width

• OP CODE 87 - Parallel Line with Offset and Height difference

Functions allowing users to hardwire
specific Operation Codes to specific
Point Codes.
– Eliminates both keystrokes and time in the
field.
– Automates multiple object creation in the
office.
• Example 1:
– Hardwire an Operation Code 14 (Description)
to an Object Code “TREE”.
– Every time a “TREE” is coded in the field,
Operation Code 14 would be run, allowing
additional information to be recorded
• Species
• Height
• Condition
• Etc.
• Example 2:
– Object Code is “CAR”, and by hardwiring
Operation Code 35 (Create a symbol from
2 edge points and an offset point.)
• For more information on these
features:
– Go to LISCAD’s Web Site www.liscad.com
– Call us on 1300 650 332
– See me at the trade stand

• Thank you for your time.

• Any Questions?