Chapter 7 Managing Data Resources 7-1

Chapter 7
Managing Data Resources

Multiple-Choice Questions
1. A characteristic or quality describing an entity is called a(n):

a. field.
b. tuple.
c. key field.
d. attribute.

2. The data hierarchy goes from bits and bytes to:

a. entities, attributes, fields, and records.

b. fields, attributes, entities, and records.
c. fields, records, files, and databases.
d. records, entities, fields, and databases.

3. Duplicate data in multiple data files is:

a. data redundancy.
b. data multiplication.
c. data independence.
d. typical of a relational model.

4. In a traditional file environment, any change in data requires:

a. a different entity description.

b. a change in all programs that access the data.
c. a different data dictionary.
d. management approval.

5. The confusion created by __________________ makes it difficult for companies to

create customer relationship management, supply chain management, or enterprise
systems that integrate data from different sources.

a. batch processing
b. data redundancy
c. data independence
d. online processing
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6. The DBMS acts as an interface between _______________ and the _______________.

a. application programs; physical data files

b. data dictionary; batch processor
c. user’s view; data manipulation language
d. data definition language; logical view

7. The logical view:

a. shows how data are organized and structured on the storage media.
b. presents an entry screen to the user.
c. allows the creation of supplementary reports.
d. presents data as they would be perceived by end users.

8. The logical description of the entire database showing all the data elements and
relationships among them best describes:

a. data dictionary.
b. conceptual schema.
c. subschema.
d. data definition language.

9. The formal language programmers use to specify the content and structure of the
database is the:

a. data dictionary language.

b. data manipulation language.
c. Structured Query Language.
d. data definition language.

10. The type of logical database model that treats data as if they were stored in two-
dimensional tables is the:

a. hierarchical DBMS.
b. hybrid DBMS.
c. relational DBMS.
d. network DBMS.

11. In a relational database, a record is called a:

a. tuple.
b. row.
c. column.
d. table.
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12. In a relational database, the three basic operations used to develop useful sets of data are:

a. select, project, and where.

b. select, join, and where.
c. select, project, and join.
d. select, from, and join.

13. The join operation:

a. combines relational tables to provide the user with more information than is
otherwise available.
b. identifies the table from which the columns will be selected.
c. creates a subset consisting of columns in a table.
d. organizes elements into segments.

14. The project operation:

a. combines relational tables to provide the user with more information than is
otherwise available.
b. creates a subset consisting of columns in a table.
c. organizes elements into segments.
d. identifies the table from which the columns will be selected.

15. DBMS for midrange computers include all of the following EXCEPT:

a. DB2.
b. Oracle.
c. Microsoft SQL Server.
d. Microsoft Access.

16. Oracle Lite is a(n):

a. DBMS for small handheld computing devices.

b. Internet DBMS.
c. mainframe relational DBMS.
d. DBMS for midrange computers.

17. Access is a:

a. DBMS for small handheld computing devices.

b. mainframe relational DBMS.
c. DBMS for midrange computers.
d. PC relational DBMS.
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18. IBM’s DB2 is a(n):

a. DBMS for small handheld computing devices.

b. Internet DBMS.
c. mainframe relational DBMS.
d. DBMS for midrange computers.

19. Banks, insurance companies, and other high-volume users continue to use reliable
hierarchical DBMS such as:

a. IBM’s IMS.
b. Microsoft Access.
c. DB2.
d. Oracle.

20. For storing data types such as complex information or recursive data, _______________
are useful.

a. relational DBMS
b. hierarchical DBMS
c. network DBMS
d. OODBMS

21. Using object-oriented extensions to existing relational DBMS is one way to create a(n):

a. system of easily accessible reports.

b. Internet warehouse.
c. data mart.
d. hybrid DBMS.

22. Database designers document their data model with a(n):

a. entity-relationship diagram.
b. object-oriented diagram.
c. applet-diagram.
d. cube-diagram.

23. In a _______________ database, parts of the database are stored and maintained
physically in one location and other parts are stored and maintained in other locations.

a. contiguous
b. fragmented
c. split
d. partitioned
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24. Activities for detecting and correcting data in a database or file that are incorrect,
incomplete, improperly formatted, or redundant are called:

a. data auditing.
b. data fragmentating.
c. data cleansing.
d. data verifying.

25. A data warehouse is composed of:

a. historical data and an information directory.

b. OLAP and external data.
c. internal and external data sources.
d. marketing and sales.

26. The main technique for multidimensional reporting is:

a. SQL.
b. multiple relationships in large quantities of data.
c. OLAP.
d. data mining.

27. A data mart usually can be constructed more rapidly and at lower cost than a data
warehouse because:

a. a data mart typically focuses on a single subject area or line of business.

b. all the information is historical.
c. a data mart is usually maintained completely at the Web site of the organization.
d. all of the information belongs to a single company.

28. The popular specification for transferring information between a Web server and a
program designed to accept and return data is:

a. CGI.
b. HTML.
c. Java.
d. SQL.
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Essay Questions
29. List at least three conditions that contribute to data redundancy and inconsistency.

30. Describe the differences between a data definition language and a data manipulation
language.