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2p By the end of 2009, 33.4 million (31.4 million-35.3 million) people were estimated to be living
with HIV/AIDS worldwide.
2p An estimated 2.6 million [2.3 millionʹ2.8 million] people became newly infected with HIV in
2009, nearly 20% fewer than the 3.1 million [2.9 millionʹ3.4 million] people infected in 1999.
2p An estimated 3, 70,000 (2, 30,000-5, 10,000) children were newly infected with HIV in 2009, a
drop of around 24% from five years earlier.
2p Ñumber of annual AIDS related deaths worldwide is steadily decreasing from high of 2.1 million
(1.8-2.3 million) in 2004 to an estimated 1.8 million (1.6-2.1 million) in 2001, mainly because of
increased availability of antiretroviral therapy, as well as care and support to people living with
HIV.
2p In 2009, 1.2 million people received HIV antiretroviral therapy for the first time, an increase in
number of people receiving treatment of 30% in a single year.
2p Sub-Saharan Africa is the region most affected by HIV/AIDS, and is home to 68% of all people
living with HIV worldwide.

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 Sub-Saharan Africa 22, 400, 000
’ South and Southeast Asia 3,800,000
 South and Central America 2,000,000
 Eastern Europe and Central Asia 1,500,000
 Ñorth America 1,400,000
 East Asia 850,000
 Western and Central Europe 850,000

 Middle East and Ñorth America 310,000
 Caribbean 240,000
  Oceania 59,000

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 India 2,400,000
’ China 740,000
 South Korea 13,000
 Russia 980,000
 Brazil 730,000
 Mexico 220,000
 South Africa 5,600,000

 Egypt 11,000
 Kenya 1,500,000
  Malaysia 100,000
 Thailand 530,000
’ Philippines 8,700
 Ukraine 350,000
 Kazakhstan 13,000
 Belarus 17,000
 Uzbekistan 28,000
  Turkmenistan <500

 Azerbaijan 3,600
  Georgia 3,500
’  Armenia 1,900
’ Kyrgyzstan 9,800
’’ Tajikistan 9,100
’ Moldova 12,000
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2p Worldwide, acute diarrhea constitutes a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially
among the very young, very old, and infirm.
2p Cholera is an acute diarrheal infection caused by ingestion of food or water contaminated with
the Gram negative bacillus cholerae serogroup O1 or O139.
2p Cholera is the second leading cause of death in children of less than 5 years of age, with more
than 1.5 million children under than five continues to die each year as a result of acute diarrhea.
2p India alone contributes about 20% of the total global under-5 acute diarrheal disease.
2p There are an estimated 3ʹ5 million cholera cases and 100 000ʹ120 000 deaths due to cholera
every year around the world.
2p It is estimated that each year, U.S. adults experience 99 million episodes of acute diarrhea or
gastroenteritis, resulting in about 8 million physician visits and more than 250,000 hospital
admissions each year (1.5% of adult hospitalizations) caused by acute diarrhea or
gastroenteritis.
2p As per World Health Organization annual global figures for year 2009, there were estimated
221,226 cases and 4,946 deaths across 45 countries around the world. 98% of the cases are
observed in an African continent with South Africa and Zambia being the major susceptible
countries for infection.
2p According to Lancet, around 1.5 million of the total 9 million deaths in 2008 are caused due to
acute diarrhea disease with 49% deaths occurring in five countries mainly India, Ñigeria,
Democratic Republic of Congo, Pakistan and China.
2p Up to 80% of cases can be successfully treated with oral rehydration salts (ORS).
2p rom 2004 to 2008, cholera cases increased by 24% compared with the period from 2000 to
2004. or 2008 alone, a total of 190,130 cases were notified from 56 countries, including 5,143
deaths.

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