Project

Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL

Client Advisory Group Made by Date Page
Location Grid line 1 rc 08-Dec-2021 101
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:19Checked Revision Job No
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC chg - R68

IDEALISED STRUCTURE and FORCE DIAGRAMS DESIGN STATUS: VALID

L in e L o a d L G K , L Q K in k N / m
WARNING : X
2

Passive pressure should S u r c h a r g e S G K , S Q K in k N / m

only be considered if it
can be guaranteed that
there will be no future TW
excavation in front of
the wall. W A TE R
B 1

L L

L S
H W

L E

L W
T b
H P

H n
B N TN
L P

B
DIMENSIONS (mm)
H= 3200 B= 2750 Tw = 250
Hw = 100 BI = 1000 Tb = 400
Hp = 200 BN = 0 TN = 0
Hn = 0
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
fcu = 35 N/mm² gm = 1.5 concrete
fy = 460 N/mm² gm = 1.05 steel
cover to tension steel = 50 mm
Max allowable design surface crack width (W) = 0.3 mm
Concrete density = 24 kN/m³
SOIL PROPERTIES Wall Geometry
Design angle of int'l friction of retained mat'l (Ø) = 30 degree
Design cohesion of retained mat'l (C ) = 0 kN/m² (Only granular backfil considered, "C" = zero)
Density of retained mat'l (q ) = 20 kN/m³
Submerged Density of retained mat'l (qs ) = 13.33 kN/m³ [default=2/3*q (only apply when13.33
Design angle of int'l friction of base mat'l (Øb) = 20 degree ASSUMPTIONS
Design cohesion of base material (Cb ) = 10 kN/m² a) Wall friction is zero
Density of base material (qb ) = 10 kN/m³ b) Minimum active earth pressure = 0.25qH
Allowable gross ground bearing pressure (GBP) = 200 kN/m² c) Granular backfill
d)Does not include check of rotational slide/slope failure
LOADINGS Surcharge load -- live (SQK) = 10 kN/m² e)Does not include effect of seepage of ground
Surcharge load -- dead (SGK) = 10 water beneath the wall.
Line load -- live (LQK) = 15 kN/m f)Does not include deflection check of wall due to
Line load -- dead (LGK) = 20 kN/m lateral earth pressures
Distance of line load from wall (X) = 1000 mm h) Design not intended for walls over 3.0 m high

LATERAL FORCES (unfactored) Ka = 0.33 [ default ka = (1-SIN Ø)/(1+SIN Ø)

0.33
Kp = 2.04 [ default kp = (1+SIN Øb)/(1-SIN2.04
Kpc = 2.86 [ default kpc = 2kp0.5 ] = 2.86
Kac = 1.15 [ 2ka0.5 ]

Force Lever arm Moment about TOE gf Fult Mult

(kN) (m) (kNm) (kN) (kNm)
PE = 34.12 LE = 1.067 36.41 1.40 47.77 50.97
PS(GK) = 10.67 LS = 1.60 17.07 1.40 14.93 23.89
PS(QK) = 10.67 LS = 1.60 17.07 1.60 17.07 27.31
PL(GK) = 6.67 LL = 2.36 15.74 1.40 9.33 22.03
PL(QK) = 5.00 LL = 2.36 11.80 1.60 8.00 18.89
PW = 0.05 LW = 0.03 0.00 1.40 0.07 0.00
Total 67.17 98.09 97.17 143.10
PP = -6.12 (LP-HN) = 0.10 -0.60 1.00 -6.12 -0.60
 Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL

Client Advisory Group Made by Date Page

Location Grid line 1 rc 08-Dec-2021 102

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BSChecked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC chg - R68

EXTERNAL STABILITY STABILITY CHECKS : OK

OVERTURNING about TOE F.O.S = 1.50

(using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor) LOADING OPTION
Overturning Lateral FORCE (kN) Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm) (select critical load combination)
Moments PE = 34.12 LE = 1.07 36.40 EARTH

PS(GK) = 10.67 LS = 1.60 17.07 ✘ PS(GK)
PS(QK) = 10.67 LS = 1.60 17.07 ✘ PS(QK)
PL(GK) = 6.67 LL = 2.36 15.74 ✘ PL(GK)
PL(QK) = 5.00 LL = 2.36 11.80 ✘ PL(QK)
PW = 0.05 LW = 0.03 0.00 ✘ PW
å P= 67.17
Pp = -6.12 (LP-HN) = 0.10 -0.60 Warning:
å Mo = 97.48
Under some
conditions,surcharge &
Restoring Vertical FORCE (kN) Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm) line loads may have
Moments Wall = 16.80 1.13 18.90 stabilising effects on the
Base = 26.40 1.38 36.30 structure, and it is
recommended that
Nib = 0.00 0.00 0.00
stability checks should
Earth = 84.00 2.00 168.00 also be carried out
Water = 0.00 2.00 0.00 without these loads.
Surcharge = 30.00 2.00 60.00
Line load = 35.00 2.25 78.75
å V= 192.20 å Mr = 361.95

Factor of Safety, Mr / Mo = 3.71 > 1.50 OK

SLIDING (using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor) F.O.S = 1.50

Sum of LATERAL FORCES, P = 67.17 kN

PASSIVE FORCE, Pp x Reduction factor (1) = -6.12 kN ed'n factor for passive force = 1.00
BASE FRICTION ( å V TANØb + B Cb ) = -97.46 kN
Sum of FORCES RESISTING SLIDING, Pr = -103.58 kN

Factor of Safety, Pr / P = 1.54 > 1.50 OK

GROUND BEARING Taking moments about centre of base (anticlockwise "+") :

Vertical FORCES (kN)Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm) BEARING PRESSURE (KN/m²)
Wall = 16.80 0.25 4.20
75
31
87
43
99
55
11
2.
2.
1.
1.
0.
0.
0.

26.40 0.00 0.00 50

Base =
Nib = 0.00 1.38 0.00
Earth = 84.00 -0.63 -52.50
Water = 0.00 -0.63 0.00
Surcharge= 30.00 -0.63 -18.75
Line load = 35.00 -0.88 -30.63
å V= 192.20 å Mv = -97.68

Moment due to LATERAL FORCES, Mo = 97.48 kNm

100

Resultant Moment, M = Mv + Mo = -0.20 kNm

Eccentricity from base centre, M / V = 0.00 m

Therefore, MAXIMUM Gross Bearing Pressure (GRP) = 70 kN/m² < 200 OK
 REINFORCED CONCRETE
Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc COUNCIL
Client Advisory Group Made by Date Page

Location Grid line 1 rc 08-Dec-2021 104

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BSChecked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC chg - R68

OUTER BASE ( per metre length ) BS8110

gf= 1.46 (default = ult mt / non-factored 1.46 reference
V ult = 86.79 kN
M ult = 53.64 kNm (TENSION - BOTTOM FACE)

BOTTOM REINFORCEMENT : Min. As = 520 mm2 Table 3.25

f= 12 mm
centres = 200 mm < 762 OK 3.12.11.2.7(b)
Asprov = 565 mm2 > 520 OK

MOMENT of RESISTANCE : d= 344 mm

z = 326.80 mm 3.4.4.4
As' = 0 mm2
Mres = 80.96 kNm > 53.64 OK

SHEAR RESISTANCE: 100 As/bd = 0.16%

vc = 0.40 N/mm2 Table 3.8
Vres = 138.35 kN > 86.79 OK 3.5.5.2

CHECK CRACK WIDTH IN ACCORDANCE WITH BS8007 :

X = 68.49 mm e m = -0.00076 BS8007
Acr = 108.61 mm W= -0.18 mm < 0.30 OK App. B.2

INNER BASE ( per metre length )

V ult = 81.20 kN
M ult = 89.46 kNm (TENSION - TOP FACE)

TOP REINFORCEMENT : Min. As = 520 mm2 Table 3.25

f= 16 mm
centres = 150 mm < 766 OK 3.12.11.2.7(b)
Asprov = 1340 mm2 > 520 OK

MOMENT RESISTANCE : d= 342 mm

z = 323.22 mm 3.4.4.4
As' = 0 mm2
Mres = 189.80 kNm > 89.46 OK

SHEAR RESISTANCE: 100 As/bd = 0.39%

vc = 0.54 N/mm2 Table 3.8
Vres = 184.02 kN > 81.20 OK 3.5.5.2

CHECK CRACK WIDTH wrt BS8007 :(Temperature and shrinkage effects not included)
X= 99.03 mm em = 0.000222 BS8007
Acr = 86.81 mm W= 0.05 mm < 0.30 OK App. B.2

REINFORCEMENT SUMMARY for BASE

Type f Centers As Min. As

mm mm mm2 mm2
TOP (DESIGN) T 16 150 1340 520 OK
BOTTOM (DESIGN) T 12 200 565 520 OK
TRANSVERSE T 12 200 565 520 OK
 REINFORCED CONCRETE
Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc COUNCIL
Client Advisory Group Made by Date Page

Location Grid line 1 rc 08-Dec-2021 105

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BSChecked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC chg - R68

APPROXIMATE WEIGHT OF REINFORCEMENT

No. Type Dia Length Unit Wt Weight

WALL VERTICAL - External face 6 T 10 2880 0.617 10.65

VERTICAL - Internal face 9 T 16 2928 1.578 41.59
TRANSVERSE (Ext.& Int.) 30 T 10 1000 0.617 18.50

BASE TOP (MAIN) 7 T 16 2878 1.578 31.80

BOTTOM (MAIN) 6 T 12 2846 0.888 15.16
TRANSVERSE ( T & B ) 28 T 12 1000 0.888 24.86
WALL STARTERS (Ext.) 6 T 10 1125 0.617 4.16
WALL STARTERS (Int.) 9 T 16 1365 1.578 19.39

NIB (assume same reinforcement as wall)

INTERNAL FACE (MAIN) 6 T 10 80 0.617 0.30
EXTERNAL FACE (MAIN 9 T 16 128 1.578 1.82
TRANSVERSE (EXT.+ INT 2 T 10 1000 0.617 1.23

SUMMARY Approx total reinforcement per metre length of wall (kg) 169.5
 Diagrams

Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc

Location Grid line 1 DATA FOR DIAGRAMS I
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 sheet
etc 1 of 2 Made by rc Job No R68
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC Date 8-Dec-21

DESIGN STATUS: VALID

IF(ABS(ECCY)>B/1000/2,"BEARING FAIL",IF(ABS(ECCY)>(B/1000)/6,(2*VL)/(3*((B/1000)/2-ABS(ECCY))),(VL/(B/1000)*(1+(6*ABS(ECCY))/(B/1000)))))

IF(ECCY>(B/1000)/6,IF(XX>(B/1000/2-ECCY)*3,0,(((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3-XX)/((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3))*BP),((VL/(B/1000)*(1-(6*ECCY)/(B/1000))))+(B/1000-XX)/(B/1000)*(BP-
(VL/(B/1000)*(1-(6*ECCY)/(B/1000)))))
2.75

1 70.05
0 70.05 3
BEARING PRESSURE DIAGRAM
0.275 70.05 3
0.55 70.05 3
0.825 70.05 3 0 1 2 3
1.1 70.05 3 0.00

1.375 70.05 3
1.65 70.05 3
KN/M^2

50.00
1.925 70.05 3
2.2 70.05 3
2.475 70.05 3 100.00
M
2.75 70.05 3
2.75 0.00 0
IF(ECCY<0,B/1000-B/1000/50*B24,B/1000/50*B24)
69.93
0 2.75 69.734 0 69.734 0.055 3.835 4.209 0.055 3.835 0.055 3.835
1 2.70 69.740 BEARING PRESSURE DIAGRAM 1 69.740 0.055 3.836 3.999 0.055 3.836 0.055 3.836
2 2.64 69.746 2 69.746 0.055 3.836 3.788 0.055 3.836 0.055 3.836
3 2.59 69.753 3 69.753 0.055 3.836 3.577 0.055 3.836 0.055 3.836
4 2.53 69.759 7 5 37 98 60 21 83 4 4 06
2. 2. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0.
4 69.759 0.055 3.837 3.367 0.055 3.837 0.055 3.837
5 2.48 69.765 50 5 69.765 0.055 3.837 3.156 0.055 3.837 0.055 3.837
6 2.42 69.772 6 69.772 0.055 3.837 2.945 0.055 3.837 0.055 3.837
7 2.37 69.778 7 69.778 0.055 3.838 2.734 0.055 3.838 0.055 3.838
KN/M^2

8 2.31 69.784 8 69.784 0.055 3.838 2.524 0.055 3.838 0.055 3.838
9 2.26 69.790 9 69.790 0.055 3.838 2.313 0.055 3.838 0.055 3.838
10 2.20 69.797 10 69.797 0.055 3.839 2.102 0.055 3.839 0.055 3.839
11 2.15 69.803 11 69.803 0.055 3.839 1.891 0.055 3.839 0.055 3.839
12 2.09 69.809 100 12 69.809 0.055 3.840 1.680 0.055 3.840 0.055 3.840
M
13 2.04 69.816 13 69.816 0.055 3.840 1.469 0.055 3.840 0.055 3.840
14 1.98 69.822 14 69.822 0.055 3.840 1.258 0.055 3.840 0.055 3.840
15 1.93 69.828 15 69.828 0.055 3.841 1.047 0.055 3.841 0.055 3.841
16 1.87 69.834 70.05 16 69.834 0.055 3.841 0.835 0.055 3.841 0.055 3.841
17 1.82 69.841 BP 0 70.048 17 69.841 0.055 3.841 0.624 0.055 3.841 0.055 3.841
18 1.76 69.847 BPE 1 70.048 18 69.847 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.055 3.842
19 1.71 69.853 BPI 1.25 70.048 19 69.853 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.055 3.842
20 1.65 69.860 BPZ 2.75 70.048 20 69.860 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.055 3.842
21 1.60 69.866 21 69.866 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.055 3.843
22 1.54 69.872 22 69.872 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
23 1.49 69.878 23 69.878 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
24 1.43 69.885 24 69.885 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
25 1.38 69.891 25 69.891 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
26 1.32 69.897 26 69.897 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
27 1.27 69.903 27 69.903 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
28 1.21 69.910 28 69.910 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
29 1.16 69.916 29 69.916 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
30 1.10 69.922 30 69.922 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
31 1.05 69.929 31 69.929 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
32 0.99 69.935 32 69.935 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
33 0.94 69.941 33 69.941 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
34 0.88 69.947 34 69.947 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
35 0.83 69.954 35 69.954 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
36 0.77 69.960 36 69.960 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
37 0.72 69.966 37 69.966 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
38 0.66 69.973 38 69.973 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
39 0.61 69.979 39 69.979 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
40 0.55 69.985 40 69.985 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
41 0.50 69.991 41 69.991 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
42 0.44 69.998 42 69.998 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
43 0.39 70.004 43 70.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
44 0.33 70.010 44 70.010 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
45 0.28 70.017 45 70.017 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
46 0.22 70.023 46 70.023 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
47 0.17 70.029 47 70.029 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
48 0.11 70.035 48 70.035 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
49 0.06 70.042 49 70.042 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
50 0.00 70.048 50 70.048 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000
69.089 43.517 69.089 84.458

Page 5
 Diagrams

Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc

Location Grid line 1 DATA FOR DIAGRAMS II
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 sheet
etc 1 of 2 Made by rc Job No R68
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC Date 8-Dec-21

YY= 2.8 MTE= 24.39

MTLG= 13.07
MTLQ= 9.80
MTSG= 13.067
MTSQ= 13.07
MTW= 0.00

UTM= 107.34
107.34
0 0.00 0 0.00
1 0.06 0.023 0.06 MOMENT DIAGRAM
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
2 0.11 0.092 0.11 0.00
3 0.17 0.207 0.17 0.11

4 0.22 0.368 0.22 0.22

0.34
5 0.28 0.5749 0.28
0.45
6 0.34 0.8279 0.34
0.56
7 0.39 1.1269 0.39 0.67
8 0.45 1.4718 0.45 0.78
9 0.50 1.8628 0.50 0.90

10 0.56 2.2997 0.56 1.01

1.12
11 0.62 2.7827 0.62
WALL (M)

1.23
12 0.67 3.3116 0.67
1.34
13 0.73 3.8865 0.73 1.46
14 0.78 4.5075 0.78 1.57
15 0.84 5.1899 0.84 1.68

16 0.90 6.8735 0.90 1.79

1.90
17 0.95 8.6031 0.95
2.02
18 1.01 10.379 1.01 2.13
19 1.06 12.2 1.06 2.24
20 1.12 14.068 1.12 2.35

21 1.18 15.981 1.18 2.46

2.58
22 1.23 17.941 1.23
2.69
23 1.29 19.946 1.29 ULT. MT (KNM)
2.80
24 1.34 21.998 1.34
25 1.40 24.096 1.40
26 1.46 26.239 1.46
27 1.51 28.471 1.51
28 1.57 30.924 1.57
29 1.62 33.454 1.62
30 1.68 36.063 1.68
31 1.74 38.753 1.74
32 1.79 41.525 1.79
33 1.85 44.38 1.85
34 1.90 47.321 1.90
35 1.96 50.349 1.96
36 2.02 53.466 2.02
37 2.07 56.673 2.07
38 2.13 59.973 2.13
39 2.18 63.365 2.18
40 2.24 66.854 2.24
41 2.30 70.439 2.30
42 2.35 74.122 2.35
43 2.41 77.906 2.41
44 2.46 81.792 2.46
45 2.52 85.781 2.52
46 2.58 89.875 2.58
47 2.63 94.076 2.63
48 2.69 98.386 2.69
49 2.74 102.81 2.74
50 2.80 107.34 2.80

0 0
0 400 WALL GEOMETRY

1000 400 4000

1000 3200 3500
1250 3200
3000
1250 400
2750 400 2500
WALL (mm)

2750 0 2000
0 0 1500
0 0
1000
0 0
0 0 500

0 0 0
0

1000

2000

3000

4000

BASE ( mm) Page 6

 500 Diagrams

1000

2000

3000

4000
3200 2750 BASE ( mm)

Page 7
 Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc
Location Grid line 1 CRACK WIDTH CALCULATIONS
Made
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc. by rc Job No R68
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC Date 8-Dec-21

WALL
MR= 15.06 MIN SPACING= 220 ASreq = 1444 fs = 275.31 sprov%= 0.8378
As/bd= 0.008 MSBB= 762 ASBBre 0.01 fs = 0.0054 sprov%= 0.1644
X= 75.21 MSBT= 766 ASBTre 631.76 fs = 144.54 sprov%= 0.3919
Ic= 472134280
STS= 0.0014
ST1= 0.0020
ST2= 0.0004066
Acr= 77.265761
W= 0.29
e m= 0.0016

MR= 15.06 MR= 15.06

AsBB/bd= 0.0016 AsBB/bd= 0.0039
X= 68.49 X= 99.03
Ic= 753352434 Ic= 1.515E+09
STS= 0.0008 STS= 0.0007
ST1= 0.0010 ST1= 0.0009
ST2= 0.0017635 ST2= 0.0006953
Acr= 108.61239 Acr= 86.810337
W= -0.18 W= 0.05
em= -0.0008 em= 0.0002

Page 8
 Notes

Disclaimer
All advice or information from the British Cement Association and/or Reinforced Concrete Council is intended for those
who will evaluate the significance and limitations of its contents and take responsibility for its use and application. No
liability (including that for negligence) for any loss resulting from such advice or information is accepted by the BCA, R
or their subcontractors, suppliers or advisors. Users should note that all BCA software and publications are subject to
revision from time to time and should therefore ensure that they are in possession of the latest version.

This spreadsheet should be used in compliance with the accompanying publication 'Spreadsheets for concrete design to
8110 and EC2' available from British Cement Association, Telford Avenue, Crowthorne, Berkshire RG45 6YS.

Status of spreadsheet
Public release version.

Revision history RCC62 Retaining Wall.xls

Date Version Action Size (kB)

First public release.
06-Aug-99 RCC62 v1.0 398
Includes b version comments

Page 9
 Notes

Council is intended for those

its use and application. No
on is accepted by the BCA, RCC
publications are subject to
st version.

heets for concrete design to BS

erkshire RG45 6YS.

Page 10