 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 

٢٤٨
  ‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
    

 W،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬        ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ،  
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

  ?  ?    ? ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬?

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬      
    ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
    

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬
 ، ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬
 K‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،   ‫א‬ 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

١
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   

PLCs Programmable Logic controller ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

     Programmable Controller ‫א‬    
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
  ‫א‬ SIEMENSE    PLC  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 ALLEN BRADLEY  SIMATIC ٢٠٠,SIMATIC ٣٠٠,SIMATIC ٤٠٠
‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬    MITSUBISHI
 KPLC‫א‬

 W
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١J ١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



PLCE١J ١F‫א‬


 K‫א‬،‫א‬WPLC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬WPLC‫א‬‫א‬

-١-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   

 PLC
‫א‬‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    E٢J ١F ‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Input modules ‫א‬‫א‬ J ١
CPU Unit ‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢
Output modules ‫א‬‫א‬ J ٣
 Power Supply Unit  ‫א‬J ٤
Operator module  ‫א‬J ٥
 Programming device   ‫א‬J ٦

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢J ١F‫א‬

 W‫א‬،

‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  W ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬ CPU‫א‬
‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  W ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K،CPU‫א‬
 KPLC‫א‬W‫א‬
 KPLC‫א‬W‫א‬


-٢-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   

     ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬PLC
 PLC
‫א‬   ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣J ١F‫א‬
 ‫א‬PLC

PLCE٣J ١F‫א‬

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  PLC  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    CPU‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬PLC

 Sensors   ‫א‬J ١
 PLC ‫א‬‫א‬J ٢
 Actuaors  ‫א‬J ٣

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   

Hard-Wired Control ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬     ‫א‬    PLC  ‫א‬‫א‬  
 E٤J ١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬




 ‫א‬‫א‬E٤J ١F‫א‬


   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬    
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E٥J ١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬    ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ،     ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬PLC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ ٢٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KPLC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   

 PLC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  J ١
‫א‬ J ٢
 J ٣
‫א‬ J ٤
‫א‬‫ א‬J ٥



 ‫א‬E٥J ١F‫א‬











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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   

 Number System – Decimal & Binary ‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬

  (٠{١) ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬   PLC   
‫א‬ ‫א‬     ، ‫א‬     (On,Off)  
 KE‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬F
 W‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬



Logic ٠, Logic ١ ١‫א‬٠‫א‬
 CPU‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
(٠{١)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (On,Off)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ (Off) ‫א‬    ٠ ‫א‬ On ‫א‬   ١ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٦J ١F‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦J ١F‫א‬

-٦-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   

 Sensor ‫א‬
‫א‬          PLC   ‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ PLC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٧J ١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬E٧J ١F‫א‬

 Actuator ‫א‬
  PLC  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 KE٨J ١F‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬E٨J ١F‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   

Discrete Inputs ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ W   ‫א‬  (On,Off)   ‫א‬ 
 KE٩J ١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٩J ١F‫א‬


 Analog Inputs ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
٠ → ٢٠ma , ٤ → ٢٠ma , ٠ → ١٠v
‫א‬  E١٠J ١F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬PLC‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٠J ١F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   

 Discrete Outputs ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬PLC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١١J ١F‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬E١١J ١F‫א‬

 Analog Outputs ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬، ٠ ١٠v PLC‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١٢J ١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬E١٢J ١F‫א‬

-٩-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   

 CPU ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  PLC       
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KE١٣J ١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬




 ‫א‬‫א‬E١٣J ١F‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J ١
‫א‬ J ٢
‫א‬ J ٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J ٤



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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   

 Program / Ladder Logic  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬

 PLC،‫א‬ PLC‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

 LAD (Ladder Logic) ‫א‬‫א‬J ١
 FBD (Function Block)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٢
STL (Statement List) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٣

 ‫א‬‫א‬E١J ٢F‫א‬

Hard-Wired ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 KE١J ٢F(‫א‬‫א‬F

 Reading Ladder Logic Diagram  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 (Power Conductor)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١J ٢F‫א‬

‫א‬ LAD‫א‬‫א‬، (neutral)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   

 Ladder Logic and Statement List ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬





 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢J ٢F‫א‬


   Q٠{٠ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   E٢J ٢F ‫א‬ 
 I٠{٤‫א‬ Q٠{١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،EAND‫א‬F I٠{١ I٠{٠‫א‬
 KEOR‫א‬FI٠{٥‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   

 Function Block Diagram ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ FBD
STL  LAD    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬E٣J ٢F‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣J ٢F‫א‬














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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   

 PLC Scan  ‫א‬‫א‬

E٤J ٢F‫א‬،‫א‬ PLC‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 Read Inputs  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ١
 Execute Program   ‫א‬J ٢
Diagnostics/Communications ‫א‬‫א‬J ٣
 Update Outputs ‫א‬J ٤




 PLCE٤J ٢F‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ J ١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢
K‫א‬‫א‬ J ٣


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   

 Sofware ‫א‬
‫א‬ PLC‫א‬‫א‬
J ٢F‫א‬، PLC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، User‫א‬
 K‫א‬E٥




 ‫א‬E٥J ٢F‫א‬

 Hardware ‫א‬
E٦J ٢F‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،PLCW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K



 ‫א‬E٦J ٢F‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   

 Memory Size ‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ١٠٢٤ Unit  ١K  PLC   

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، (210 = 1024)  PLC‫א‬

 KE٧J ٢F١٠٢٤ Word١٠٢٤ Byte١٠٢٤ Bit





 ‫א‬‫א‬E٧J ٢F‫א‬
















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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   

 RAM/ROM/EPROM/Firmware  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬RAM‫א‬
 PLC    ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬ROM‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
     EPROM ‫א‬   K PLC  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Firmware‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  PLC‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬     
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٨J ٢F‫א‬




 ROMRAM‫א‬E٨J ٢F‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   

 Putting it Together  ‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬PLC‫א‬

 K‫א‬ J ١
K‫א‬ J ٢
K‫א‬‫א‬ J ٣

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬   K ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
PLC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬PG LAD,FBD,STL
 K‫א‬‫א‬E٩J ٢F‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KConstants‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬   K  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KPLC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



 PLC‫א‬‫א‬E٩J ٢F‫א‬

- ١٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   

PLC‫א‬‫א‬

 PLC J ١
PG J ٢
Software١ ‫א‬ J ٣
  J ٤


PLCPG‫א‬E١٠J ٢F‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬  PG ‫א‬  
 KE١١J ٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬PC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٠J ٢F



PLCPCE١١J ٢F‫א‬

- ٢٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   

 Cables ‫א‬
PG     PC  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  
    (Point to Point Interface)  PC/PPI  ‫א‬ ‫א‬

DIP‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬PLC
 KE١٢J ٢F‫א‬(Baud rate)‫א‬





 ‫א‬E١٢J ٢F‫א‬

- ٢١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬   

 Contact Symbol ‫א‬

   ‫א‬‫א‬   PLC  ‫א‬ LAD ‫א‬‫א‬   
LAD‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٣J ٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
    (Normally open) ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ NO ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 

 K‫א‬١‫א‬Bit
 (Normally close)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ NC

 K‫א‬٠‫א‬Bit




  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٣J ٢F‫א‬


 Coils and Boxes ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ١  ‫א‬ Bit      PLC  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١٤J ٢F‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬E١٤J ٢F‫א‬

- ٢٢ -
   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٣
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Basic Functions ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ PLC‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬،PLC

 Absolute Addressing  ‫א‬‫א‬J 
 W

 Address Identifier ‫א‬‫א‬J ١
 Memory Location ‫א‬‫א‬J ٢



 E١J ٣F‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١J ٣F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬WI
 ‫א‬WQ
 ‫א‬‫א‬WM
 ‫א‬WT
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WC

- ٢٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٤‫א‬٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Immediate addressing ‫א‬‫א‬J ١

 EH٢٧‫א‬FEL H٢٧V)‫א‬

 Direct Addressing ‫א‬‫א‬J ٢

 EI٠{٠‫א‬AND‫א‬FEA I٠{٠F‫א‬

Memory Indirect Addressing ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٣


 EMD٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬AND‫א‬FEA I[MD٣]F‫א‬

 Symbolic Addressing  ‫א‬‫א‬J 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

MOTOR_ON‫א‬Q٤{٠‫א‬

Symbole Editor‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬




- ٢٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 AND Gate EF‫א‬‫א‬

WI٠{١‫א‬I٠{٠‫א‬Q٠{٠‫א‬
FBD

LAD

STL

 OR Gate EF‫א‬‫א‬
WI٠{١‫א‬I٠{٠‫א‬Q٠{٠‫א‬
FBD

LAD

STL

- ٢٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 NOT Gate ‫א‬‫א‬

 WI٠{٠‫א‬Q٠{٠‫א‬


FBD

LAD

STL

 NAND Gate ‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬

 WI٠{١I٠{٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Q٠{٠‫א‬

FBD

LAD

STL

- ٢٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 NOR Gate ‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬

 WI٠{١I٠{٠‫א‬‫א‬Q٠{٠‫א‬

FBD

LAD

STL






Numriacl Systems ‫א‬‫א‬
PLC  ‫א‬ ‫א‬       ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    
 W،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 BIT , BOOL ‫א‬


 ١٠


 BYTE  ‫א‬



 K‫א‬،E٢J ٣F



 ‫א‬E٢J ٣F‫א‬











- ٢٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 WORD ‫א‬


 K٢‫א‬،E٣J ٣F١٦



 ‫א‬E٣J ٣F‫א‬

 DOUBLE WORD ‫א‬‫א‬



 K٤‫א‬،E٤J ٣F٣٢


 ‫א‬‫א‬E٤J ٣F‫א‬
- ٢٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 INTEGER NUMBER ‫א‬‫א‬





 E٥J ٣FH٣٢٧٦٧‫א‬ ٣٢٧٦٨‫א‬‫א‬،١٦


 ‫א‬‫א‬E٥J ٣F‫א‬


 W١٥Sign Bit‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬٠
 ‫א‬‫א‬١





 DOUBLE INTEGER NUMBER ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٣٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   



 





 H٢١٤٧٤٨٣٦٤٧‫א‬ ٢١٤٧٤٨٣٦٤٨‫א‬‫א‬، ٣٢

 E٦J ٣F



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦J ٣F‫א‬

 W٣١Sign Bit‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٠
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١


- ٣١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 REAL NUMBER ‫א‬‫א‬





E٧J ٣F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ٣٢
‫א‬ H١{١٧٥٤٩٥E ٣٨  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ١{١٧٥٤٩٥E ٣٨ ‫א‬ ٣{٤٠٢٨٢٣EH٣٨  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 W‫א‬H٣{٤٠٢٨٢٣EH٣٨

 1. f ∗ 2 e −127
 W
 ‫א‬١،‫א‬٠Ws
 ‫א‬‫א‬Wf
 ‫א‬We




 ‫א‬‫א‬E٧J ٣F‫א‬

- ٣٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٤
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Advanced Functions ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


Timers
‫א‬
‫א‬ PLC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E١J ٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١J ٤F‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ PLC‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ، CPU ‫א‬ ‫א‬    
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Time Value ‫א‬
‫א‬E٢J ٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١١‫א‬٠‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬



- ٣٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

Time Base ‫א‬

‫א‬E٢J ٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٢{١٣‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬




 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬


 W
 ddd،‫א‬cc،bb، a

‫א‬    ، ٢H_٤٦M_٣٠S  ٩٩٩٠ Sec W      
 



 E٢J ٤F‫א‬






- ٣٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Pulse Timer  ‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬


 W



٢Sec‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬‫א‬ ٠‫א‬ IO.O‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ١‫א‬ I٠{٠‫א‬، ١‫א‬ I٠{٠
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬١‫א‬‫א‬٠‫א‬I٠{١٠‫א‬
E٣J ٤F‫א‬‫א‬١‫א‬Q٤{٠



 ‫א‬E٣J ٤F‫א‬

- ٣٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

Extended Pulse Timer  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬



W


٢Sec‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬‫א‬ ٠‫א‬ IO.O‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
I٠{٠‫א‬، ٠‫א‬‫א‬١‫א‬ I٠{٠‫א‬
K‫א‬ I٠{١،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬‫א‬ ٠‫א‬
 E٤J ٤F‫א‬‫א‬١‫א‬Q٤{٠‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬E٤J ٤F‫א‬

- ٣٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

On-Delay Timer  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬


 W



٢Sec‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬‫א‬ ٠‫א‬ IO.O‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 I٠{٠ ١‫א‬ Q٤{٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٠‫א‬‫א‬١‫א‬I٠{٠‫א‬، ١‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬٠I٠{١‫א‬K٠‫א‬Q٤{٠‫א‬
 E٥J ٤F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬E٥J ٤F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Retentive On-Delay Timer ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬


 W


٢Sec‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬‫א‬ ٠‫א‬ IO.O‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ١‫א‬ ٠ I٠{١ I٠{٠‫א‬، ٠‫א‬ ١ I٠{٠‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬ Q٤{٠‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E٦J ٤F‫א‬‫א‬،٠‫א‬I٠{١




 ‫א‬E٦J ٤F‫א‬
- ٣٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Off-Delay Timer  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬


 W




٢Sec‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٠‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬ IO.O‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
،‫א‬ ١‫א‬ I٠{٠ ١‫א‬ Q٤{٠‫א‬
 E٧J ٤F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١‫א‬٠I٠{١‫א‬


 ‫א‬E٧J ٤F‫א‬

- ٣٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Counters ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  PLC  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬PLC‫ א‬J ١
KPLC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢

  ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
 E٨J ٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٨J ٤F‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 W
 ‫א‬Wno
 ‫א‬‫א‬WCU
 ‫א‬‫א‬WCD
 ‫א‬‫א‬WS
C#Value٩٩٩‫א‬٠‫א‬WPV
 ‫א‬‫א‬WR
 ‫א‬‫א‬WCV
 BCD‫א‬‫א‬WCV_BCD
 ‫א‬‫א‬WQ


- ٤٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Up/Down Counter ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬




 W




٠ I٠{٠، ٥٥‫א‬ C١٠‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬ ٠ I٠{٢
،٩٩٩‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١‫א‬
٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬٠I٠{١
 Q٤{٠ K ٠ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ١‫א‬ ٠ I٠{٣  ‫א‬ ،
 K٠‫א‬‫א‬١‫א‬




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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Up Counter ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬




 W




٠I٠{٠،٩٠١‫א‬C١٠‫א‬‫א‬١‫א‬٠I٠{٢
‫א‬ ٩٩٩‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬
١‫א‬Q٤{٠K٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬٠I٠{٣
 K٠‫א‬‫א‬





- ٤٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Down Counter  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬




 W




٠I٠{٠،٩٠١‫א‬C١٠‫א‬‫א‬١‫א‬٠I٠{٢
‫א‬، ٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬
١‫א‬Q٤{٠K٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬٠I٠{٣
 K٠‫א‬‫א‬






- ٤٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

Flip-Flop ‫א‬

WRS‫א‬SR‫א‬‫א‬
 reset‫א‬Q‫א‬١‫א‬RS‫א‬SR‫א‬ J ١
 Set‫א‬Q‫א‬١‫א‬RS‫א‬RS‫א‬ J ٢

 SR‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬




 W




‫א‬ Q٤{٠‫א‬M٠{٠‫א‬‫א‬ ٠‫א‬I٠{١١‫א‬I٠{٠‫א‬
‫א‬ M٠{٠‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬ I٠{١ ٠‫א‬ I٠{٠‫א‬، ١‫א‬ Set
 ٠‫א‬ I٠{١ I٠{٠، ٠‫א‬ Reset‫א‬ Q٤{٠
 KQ٤{٠‫א‬M٠{٠‫א‬‫א‬



- ٤٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 RS‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬




 W




‫א‬Q٤{٠‫א‬M٠{٠‫א‬‫א‬ ٠‫א‬I٠{١١‫א‬I٠{٠‫א‬
‫א‬M٠{٠‫א‬‫א‬١‫א‬I٠{١٠‫א‬I٠{٠‫א‬،٠‫א‬Reset
 ٠ ‫א‬  I٠{١  I٠{٠     ، ١ ‫א‬  Set ‫א‬   Q٤{٠
 KQ٤{٠‫א‬M٠{٠‫א‬‫א‬




- ٤٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Shift Functions  ‫א‬‫א‬

PLC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬ J ١
‫א‬ J ٢
‫א‬ J ٣


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬






 W
 ‫א‬WEN
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WIN
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WN
 ‫א‬‫א‬WOUT
 ‫א‬WENO





- ٤٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Shift Left Word ‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬




 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬



، OUT‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ N،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ IN
 KENO‫א‬‫א‬،٠‫א‬‫א‬

 W





- ٤٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 MW٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ١‫א‬ ٠ I٠{٠‫א‬‫א‬

MW٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ MW٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬Q٤{٠‫א‬
 Shift Left Double Word ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬




 W




MDO‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ١‫א‬ ٠ I٠{٠‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   MW٤ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬Q٤{٠‫א‬KMD١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٤٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Shift Right Word ‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬




 W




 MW٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ١‫א‬ ٠ I٠{٠‫א‬‫א‬
MW٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ MW٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬Q٤{٠‫א‬










- ٤٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Shift Right Double Word  ‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬




 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬



OUT‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ N،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ IN
 KENO‫א‬‫א‬،٠‫א‬‫א‬

 W





- ٥٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

MDO‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ١‫א‬ ٠ I٠{٠‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   MW٤ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
K‫א‬Q٤{٠‫א‬KMD١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Shift Right Integer  ‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬



OUT‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬N،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬IN
 KENO‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬١٠‫א‬‫א‬

 W




- ٥١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 MW٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ١‫א‬ ٠ I٠{٠‫א‬‫א‬

MW٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ MW٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬Q٤{٠‫א‬

 Shift Right Double Integer  ‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬




 W




MDO‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ١‫א‬ ٠ I٠{٠‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   MW٤ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬Q٤{٠‫א‬KMD١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬







- ٥٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Compare Instructions  ‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬PLC
 W‫א‬‫א‬PLC‫א‬‫א‬





 Compare Integer  

 W‫א‬‫א‬




 W


 W١‫א‬Q٤{٠‫א‬
 MW٢MW٠ J
١‫א‬I٠{٠ J

- ٥٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Compare Double Integer 


 W‫א‬‫א‬




 W




 W١‫א‬Q٤{٠‫א‬
 MD٤MD٠ J
١‫א‬I٠{٠ J











- ٥٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

  Compare Real  


 W‫א‬‫א‬




 W




 W١‫א‬Q٤{٠‫א‬
 MD٤MD٠ J
١‫א‬I٠{٠ J











- ٥٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Jump Instructions ‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Unconditional Jump ‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬




 W




   ، CAS١ ‫א‬    ‫א‬   JMP  ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٥٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Conditional Jump  ‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬




 W


‫א‬‫א‬ CAS١‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ١‫א‬ I٠{٠

 K١‫א‬I٠{٣ResetQ٤{٠،‫א‬‫א‬

- ٥٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Jump-If-Not ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬




 W


‫א‬‫א‬ CAS١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٠‫א‬ I٠{٠

 K١‫א‬I٠{٣ResetQ٤{٠،‫א‬‫א‬



- ٥٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   

 Jump Label ‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬



 W


‫א‬‫א‬ CAS١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬ I٠{٠

 ١ ‫א‬  I٠{٣     Reset     Q٤{٠   ، ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

- ٥٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 

٥
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
     

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 




W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬I٠{٠
 ‫א‬Q٤{٠









- ٦٠ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
     

‫א‬

FBD / LAD STL

- ٦١ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
     

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 




 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬







- ٦٢ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
     

‫א‬

FBD / LAD STL


- ٦٣ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
     

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F




 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬







- ٦٤ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
     

‫א‬

FBD / LAD STL


- ٦٥ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
     

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 




 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬(Q٠{٠)PUMB١‫א‬I٠{٠‫א‬ J ١
K‫א‬(Q٠{١)PUMB٢‫א‬ J ٢
K٦٠(Q٠{٢)‫א‬ J ٣
‫א‬(Q٠{٤)PUMB٣‫א‬(Q٠{٣)‫א‬ J ٤
 ‫א‬I٠{١‫ א‬J ٥






- ٦٦ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
     

‫א‬

FBD / LAD STL


- ٦٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
     

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬




 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  ،  ٥٠  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬








- ٦٨ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
     

‫א‬

FBD / LAD STL

- ٦٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

٦
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 Testing Program  ‫א‬


 ‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    PLC  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 KE١J ٦F‫א‬‫א‬




 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١J ٦F‫א‬










- ٧٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 Testing Program  ‫א‬


 ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، Debugger‫א‬‫א‬
، CPU‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
    ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KE٢J ٦F‫א‬،‫א‬




DebuggerE٢J ٦F‫א‬

- ٧١ -
  ‫א‬  ٢٤٨  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 K…………………………………………………………………………

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٢KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٣KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣٣KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦٠KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٧٠KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

GOTEVOT appreciates the financial support provided by BAE SYSTEMS