Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Module coordinator:
Dr. Gabriel-Miro Muntean
Room: S326, Phone 700-7648
email: munteang@eeng.dcu.ie
1. Introduction to Networking
What is a network? Layered Network Architecture, Network
Standards, Basic Concepts
2. Network Basics
types of services, service implementation, performance
3. Physical Aspects of Communications
Fundamental limits, digital signals, transmission media
4. Data Link Layer Protocols
Error Detection and Correction, ARQ, HDLC, error control, efficiency
5. Local Area Networks
Topology, MAC, Ethernet CSMA/CD, Token Ring, LLC, LAN
interconnection, Routing, Bridges, FDDI, DQDB
6. Network & Transport Layers
WANs, Internetworks, IP, Gateways, TCP/IP
EE210 Data Communications and Computer Networks
2
Strongly Recommended Textbooks
Fred Halsall, “Data Communications, Computer Networks
and Open Systems” 4th Edition, Addison-Wesley, 1995
Andrew Tanenbaum, “Computer Networks”, 4th Edition,
Prentice Hall, 2003
digital transmission
components of a network
network hardware
network software
network standards
• private individuals:
• access to remote & diverse information sources
• communicating with other people
• entertainment
• education, healthcare, access to government...
• transmission technology
• broadcast networks: single communication channel shared
by all network nodes
• can send to: one node, all nodes, (maybe) group of nodes
• address field in message specifies receiver(s)
bus ring
EE210 Data Communications and Computer Networks
12
Other possible LAN topologies:
star
mesh
tree
mesh intersecting
EE210 Data Communications rings
and Computer Networks irregular
16
Wireless and Mobile Networks
ad hoc
OR network
(no central
control)
• Bluetooth emerging standard – connect electronic devices
over short distances without needing line-of-sight connections
• 2.45 GHz band, 10-100 metre range, 721 kbps + three 64
kbps voiceEE210
channels
Data Communications and Computer Networks
18
Wireless and Mobile Networks (cont.)
• mobile telephony uses cellular technology
• coverage area divided into smaller regions called cells
• simultaneous transmissions from neighbouring cells (ideally)
don’t interfere with each other
• important issue: handoff at cell boundaries
• originally: analogue system; now: digital (e.g. GSM)
smaller cells in
frequency re-use
overloaded areas
EE210 Data Communications and Computer Networks
19
Internetwork
• collection of connected networks
router / gateway / protocol convertor
PDU = Protocol
Data Unit
TCP UDP
IP
Flow of Information
SOURCE DESTINATION
Application Application
socket API NETWORK socket API
TCP/UDP ELEMENT TCP/UDP
API = IP IP IP
Application
Programming H-to-N H-to-N H-to-N
Interface
27
The TCP/IP Reference Model (cont.)
• based on the client-server model of communications
• server = a process which provides a service when requested
• client = a process which requests a service
• in general, a client program is run only when it is needed, and is finite
(started by the user/application, terminates when service received)
• a server program should run all the time, and is infinite (when started,
it runs infinitely, waiting for incoming requests and responding to them)
higher-layer higher-layer
application application
SAP = Service
Flow of information
Access Point
SAP SAP
AAL = ATM network
Adaptation Layer AAL element AAL
Legal Standards
z ITU, International Telecommunications Union formerly the
(CCITT)
z ISO, International Standards Organisation
z IEC, International Electrotechnical Commission
z FCC, Federal Communications Commission
z Loads more as well. ETSI, CEPT, CCIR ...
Informal Standards
z IEEE, LAN's WAN's
z ATM Forum, X Consortium
z Xerox, IBM, Dec, Eircomm, BT, AT& T