AFOSR

OPTOELECTRONIC INFORMATION
PROCESSING
16 March 2011

GERNOT S. POMRENKE
Program Manager
AFOSR/RSE
Air Force Office of Scientific Research
Distribution A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 88ABW-2011-0757
 2011 AFOSR SPRING REVIEW
2305DX PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW
Explore optoelectronic information processing, integrated
photonics, and associated optical device components &
fabrication for air and space platforms to transform AF
capabilities in computing, communications, storage,
sensing and surveillance … with focus on nanotechnology
approaches.

Explore chip-scale optical networks, signal processing,

nanopower and terahertz radiation components.

Explore light-matter interactions at the subwavelength- and

nano-scale between metals, semiconductors, & insulators.

Memory As on-aircraft bandwidth and EMI immunity and weight

reduction requirements continue to escalate in the new world
Sensor(s) Switching I/O of Network Centric Warfare … develop and transition novel
Processor and cost effective photonics technology to AFRL 2
 2011 AFOSR SPRING REVIEW
PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW – SUB-AREAS
Nanophotonics
(Plasmonics, Photonic Integrated
Reconfigurable Photonics and Crystals, Metamaterials) & Photonics, Optical
Electronics (DCT) Nano-Probes & Novel Components,
Sensing Optical Buffer,
Silicon Photonics

Quantum Computing w/ Optoelectronics Nanofabrication, 3-D

Optical Methods Information Assembly, Modeling &
Processing Simulation Tools

Multispectral Detector Arrays

Chip Scale Optical Networks

Terahertz Sources
& Detectors
Compact Power
for Space Nanotechnology
Initiative
3
PM: Gernot S. Pomrenke LAB TASKS THROUGHOUT
 Scientific Challenges

-Light-matter interactions at the nanoscale between metals,

semiconductors, insulators & organics
-E&M fields & strong nonlinearities
-Scaling & cost-effective & flexible, “bottom-up” or “top-down”
nanomanufacturing
-Thermal management & 3D integration
-Efficiently convert optical radiation into localized energy, and
vice versa.
-Enhancing local photophysical processes
-Precise assembly & fabrication of hierarchical 3-D photonics
-Integrating plasmonics with nanostructured semiconductor
devices (enhance radiative recombination and generation
processes)
-Growth/fab and placement of nanowires and quantum dots
-Growth of III-Vs on Silicon
-Compact, high power THz sources & Rm Temp THz detectors 4
 Transformational Opportunities

Plasmonics – detector & imaging enhancement, energy harvesting,

interconnects, polarimeters

Terahertz imaging – non-ionizing, chemicals, explosives, NDE

Flexible electronics & photonics – non-conformal surfaces, engineered

matter, beyond-lattice match/mismatch, 3D electronics

SiGeSn system – new degrees of freedom

Low driving voltage and high-speed electro-optic EO modulators:

broadband communication, rf photonic links, millimeter wave imaging,
and phased-array radars

Frequency combs – optical GPS, optical metrology, optical atomic

clock, high precision spectroscopy
5
 Transformational Opportunities

Reconfigurable chip-scale photonic – All optical switching on a chip;

Multistage tunable wavelength converters and multiplexers; All optical
push-pull converters; Optical FPGA; Compact beam steering; Very
fine pointing, tracking, and stabilization control; Ultra-lightweight
reconfigurable antennas

Microwave/Millimeter Wave photonics, which merges radio-wave and

photonics technologies: high-speed wireless communications, non-
invasive & non-ionizing
radiation sensors,
spectroscopy and more
effective in poor weather
conditions.

Integrated photonics circuits – Photonic On-Chip Network, the

promise of silicon photonics, electronics and photonics on the same
chip (driver for innovation, economy, & avionics) 6
Photonic Integrated Circuits
Enable Future System
(Transformational Opportunities)

7
 Photonics at the Chip Level
(Transformational Opportunities)
Many functions require complex circuits structures that may benefit
from chip-scale fabrication techniques
-Exploit benefits of precise material growth techniques
-Exploit benefits of “Engineered” materials / metamaterials
-Achieve maximum performance, yield, and circuit complexity
-Combine multiple
functions on single chip

-Provide a means to
exploit CMOS
-Leverage advantages of
lithographic design and
fabrication for
SCALABILTY in future
generations 8
 Outline/Agenda

• Terahertz/mmW: source, detector, wavefront

engineering
• Nanophotonics: aperiodic structures,
nanolasers, sub-wavelength microcavities,
plasmonics
• Nanomembranes & flexible electronics

9
 Phase II STTR: Novel Terahertz Sources for
Advanced Terahertz Power by InnoSys, Inc.
Higher frequency (i.e. 300+ GHz) will be the
• Goal: to develop Novel Terahertz next major step. The very small available
power of a MMIC is boosted by InnoSys
Sources for Advanced Terahertz SSVDTM power amplifier to create advanced
Power. Terahertz power.
Example:
• Demonstrated a novel terahertz > 2 mW driver power
source design consisting of an 30dB SSVD gain
innovative sheet beam vacuum and 3dB system loss
>1 W output
electronic device.
• The innovative sheet beam
device is based on quasi-optical 100 GHz sheet
power combining and offers beam TWT
advantages of easy scaling with prototype based
frequency and power and on quasi-optical
superior stability. power combining

sheet beam coupled cavity based TWT - unique method of quasi

optical power combining of vacuum electronic devices
10
Sadwick and Hwu, InnoSys, Inc. Salt Lake City, Utah
 AFOSR STTR: AF09-BT33 THz Focal Plane
Arrays (Ph 1)
THz focal plane arrays for real-time (video-rate) THz imaging

Rectifying THz Nanosensors, AEgis & Univ Buffalo, Fabrication of

Rectifying Nanosensors with Robust Electrical Nonlinearities

Photomechanical THz imaging technology, Agiltron & UMass

Lowell - Build and test uncooled, passive photomechanical THz imager
with a frequency range of 1–10 THz, and uncooled operation at rm tmp.

Metamaterials Based THz Focal Plane Arrays, DOLCE Technologies

& Boston Univ & Sandia - Metamaterial absorbers as a thin-film solution
compatible with microbolometer sensing technology

A Unique Focal Plane Array Detector for THz and mm Wave Imaging,
Intelligent Optical Systems Inc & RPI, Glow discharge detector on a
planar substrate
Surface plasmon enhanced tunneling diode detection of THz
radiation, ITN Energy Systems, Inc., & Colorado School of Mines -
Uncooled THz detectors for 1-10THz with a novel surface plasmon (SP)
resonant cavities with integrated metal-insulator-metal tunneling diodes
as detecting element. 11
 Wavefront engineering of terahertz quantum
cascade lasers using designer plasmonics

Federico Capasso, Spoof SPPs: SPPs in the mid-IR

wavelength and beyond that mimic
Harvard University,
SPPs at visible and near-infrared
Cambridge, MA wavelengths
“Metasurface” collimator for THz QCLs: Design
Design for o=100 m QCLs
(artificial coloring used to identify deep and shallow grooves) Simulated electric-field distribution (|E|)
Original laser Laser with metasurface collimator

Collimated device:
Far-field divergence angle: ~12o vertical,
~16o lateral
x6 increase in collected power
No change to threshold current and
maximum operating temperature
(Tmax=135K)

12
 Deterministic Aperiodic Structures for on-chip
nanophotonics & nanoplasmonics devices
Objectives Prof. Luca Dal Negro, Boston University
Design and engineer photonic-plasmonic aperiodic
structures for broadband enhancement of light-
matter interactions
Understand aperiodic order in nanophotonics
Demonstrate enhanced emitters, solar cells, optical
sensors and nonlinear generation elements on a
chip
Fabricate and characterize new aperiodic systems
with high degree of rotational symmetry
Key Findings
Designed and engineered broadband plasmon
Approach scattering and enhancement (plasmonic nano-
Rigorous multiple scattering calculations in clouds)
aperiodic systems (GMT and T-matrix) Demonstrated light emission enhancement in
Fourier space engineering in complex media aperiodic plasmon gratings
E-beam fabrication of active photonic-plasmonic Introduced a novel approach for optical sensing
media with varying degree of aperiodic order based on the colorimetric fingerprints of
aperiodic surfaces (spatial-spectral detection)
Experimental characterization of scattering,
emission and nonlinear properties Discovered isotropic light scattering and vortex
modes in plasmonic spirals
13
Demonstrated the first pseudo-random laser
 Light Emission Enhancement
Prof. Luca Dal Negro, Boston University

• Broadband emission enhancement

• Controllable emission rates

• Enhanced light extraction

• First demo of light emission enhancement in plasmonic quasi-periodic gratings

• X 4 enhancement with small variation in Er decay time – strongly reduced losses

A. Gopinath et al., APL, 96, 071113 (2010) 14

 Aperiodic fingerprint biosensing
Prof. Luca Dal Negro, Boston University0.5
no silk
0.4 2nm

Normalized ACF
Fabricated bio-chip 5nm
0.3 20nm

0.2
Experimentally measured
scattering fingerprints 0.1
of Gaussian prime 0.0
nanopatterned surfaces
-0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4
Normalized x

Autocorrelation analysis of the scattered radiation from

engineered aperiodic surfaces conveys fingerprinting info on
their dielectric environments (index perturbations)
at the nanoscale
0.60
• First demonstration of biosensing via correlation 0.55
analysis of structural color changes in aperiodic

ACF Variance
0.50
nanostructured surfaces;
0.45
• Developed a novel concept in optical sensing based on 0.40
aperiodic structures: spatial-spectral detection 0.35
S. Lee, et. al. PNAS, 107, 12086 (2010) 0.30 15
0 5 10 15 20
S. Lee, et al., APL, submitted Thickness, d (nm)
 12
Isotropic multiple light scattering
Rotational symmetry in reciprocal space → isotropic multiple scattering of light

(a) Measured far-field patterns Measured dark-field scattering

(b)

(c) Experimentally measured far-field patterns • Isotropic “two-

dimensional” light scattering, polarization insensitive

Experimentally measured dark-field scattering • Planar

scattering loops and “optical turbulence” with plasmonic
vortex modes observed

J. Trevino et al, submitted (2010) Broad impact: thin-film solar cells (one high-impact paper
16
L. Dal Negro et al, in preparation finalized) Prof. Luca Dal Negro, Boston University
 Lasing in a pseudo-random medium
Prof. Luca Dal Negro, Boston University
In collaboration with Hui Cao and Douglas Stone (Yale University)

Rudin-Shapiro
• First demonstration of laser action
in deterministic aperiodic systems

Lasing modes trapped in air regions

• surface bio-sensing
• spectral fingerprinting and tagging
GaAs aperiodic nanopatterned membranes
• robust, reproducible multi- lasers

J. Yang et al, APL, accepted 2010 17

 Optical resonators – smallest

Crossing the size threshold – smaller than its own wavelength

featured as the cover of
the 2009 greeting card
of the Optical Society of
America,
as well as the cover of

18
Optics Express, 17, 23323-23331 (2009) Brown University PI: Jimmy Xu
 Plasmonic sub-wavelength microcavities
- breaking new ground

Two students – Jeff Shainline and Stuart

Elston received the Forrest Prize and
Mildred Widgoff Prize, respectively, for
their work on these resonant cavities

Metallic nanoparticles at the field maxima of a whispering-gallery mode

metallic nanoparticles embedded in high-Q microcavities can enable 19

quality factors near 1000 and contribute to subwavelength confinement. Brown Univ, PI: Jimmy Xu
 Limaçon-shaped microcavity laser
Federico Capasso, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University
Spiral shaped quantum cascade lasers have shown low threshold, single
mode behavior and reasonable output power but no directional emission.

-New deformed microcavity

resonators, which can
increase the output power
and directionality of
microcavity lasers without
degradation of the Q.

- Demonstrated Limaçon-
shaped microcavity laser
with properties such as a
strong directional emission,
relative insensitivity to
deformations and low
threshold because of the
ability to maintain a high Q-
factor Directional emission and universal far-field behavior from
20
whispering-gallery mode lasers with deformed resonators
 Surface plasmon polariton interactions for
near-field enhanced quantum detectors
PI: Dan H. Huang AFRL/RV, Walter Buchwald AFRL/RY (STAR TEAM)

Objective Technical Approach

Utilize surface-plasmon-polaritons (SPP) to Investigate SPP-induced enhancement from
transform light into enhanced near field to field concentration in grating grooves and
increase detectivity of IR-FPAs 2D array of holes in collaboration with RPI

Progress To Date
[1] J. C.-C. Chang, Z.-P. Yang, D. H. Huang, D. A.
Cardimona and S.-Y. Lin: “Strong light concentration
at the sub-wavelength scale by a metallic hole-array
structure”, Opt. Lett. 34, 106 (2009).

[2] D. H. Huang, G. Gumbs and S.-Y. Lin: “Self-

100
consistent theory for near-field distribution
a=2.480
and spectrum with quantum wires and a conductive
Normalized Transmittance(%)

a.) a=2.728

grating in terahertz regime”, J. Appl. Phys. 105,

80 a=2.976
a=3.224
a=3.472
60
a=3.720
50nm Au film
093715 (2009).
40

20 [3] L. D. Wellems, D. H. Huang, T. A. Leskova and A. A.

0
Maradudin: “Optical spectrum and field distribution at
4 8 12 16 20
double-groove metallic surface gratings”, J. Appl.
Phys. 106, 053705 (2009).
Motivation
•Part of the SSA Grand Challenge [4] C.-C. Chang, Y. D. Sharma, Y.-S. Kim, S. Krishna, D.
H. Huang and S.-Y. Lin: “Surface plasmon enhanced
•Weak-signal detection infrared photo-detector based on InGaAs quantum 21
•Concentrated-field enhancement by 10-100X dots”, Submitted to Nature Photonics.
 Caltech Plasmonic MURI 04 Team
New Achievements from Fall 2007- 2010
Lead PI: Prof Harry Atwater, CalTech
• Nanoscale Plasmon Laser
• Omnidirectional Visible Frequency Negative Index
Materials
• Actively Tunable Infrared Metamaterials
• Axial Heterostructure Plasmonic Antennas
• Optomechanical Plasmonic Devices
• Plasmon Laser Designs
• Wavefront Engineering
• Mid-IR Hyperspectral Surface Plasmon Detectors
• High-Q surface plasmon whispering-gallery microcavity
• Negative Index Chiral Metamaterials
• Optical Negative Refraction in Bulk Metamaterials
• Low loss semiconductor plasmonic waveguides
• Plasmon-Induced Transparency in Metamaterials
• Plasmonic Alloys: Ag-Al, Ag-Au, Ag-Cu
• Design “Toolbox” for Long-Range SPP waveguides 22
 CMOS Foundry-made plasmonic
waveguide modulator (plasMOStor)
 Designed in collaboration with CEA-LETI, France Harry A. Atwater (haa@caltech.edu)
 Fabricated on LETI CMOS line with 200 mm wafers
 SOI-integrated waveguide modulator:
 Fabricated by wafer bonding
 Plasmonic mode perturbed by accumulated
carriers in MOS structure
Section b-b’ Section c-c’
 First wafers just completed & testing underway
 devices exhibit plasMOStor action in 1.2-1.6
m wavelength range

MOS Gate
contact
0.5µm MOS back
contact (Cu)

Si waveguide

MOS Gate
MOS back contact (Cu)
contact
CEA-LETI 150nm
CEA-LETI 23
 Analytical modeling of plasmon-
enhanced luminescence
Quantum efficiency

Solid: coupling to 80 modes

Dashed: coupling to dipole Ag
0.2
mode only
emitter
Diameter = 60 nm
0.1 Diameter = 140 nm • Quantum efficiency in
Diameter = 10 nm absence of sphere = 1%
• Emission wavelength =
0.0 dipole resonance wavelength
0 10 20 30 40 50
Distance to sphere surface (nm) • Calc. method: exact
electrodynamical theory
Intermediate size is best for quantum based on Green’s function
efficiency
improvement (enhancement from 1% to 11%)
Quenching at short distances is described by coupling to
dark higher-order plasmon modes (nonlocal effects not essential)
24
H. Mertens, A. Polman, J. Appl. Phys. 75, 105, 044302 (2009)
 FY08 MURI - Crystalline Semiconductor
Nanomembranes: dimensions and features

Lead PI: Prof Max Lagally, Univ Wisconsin

Key Features: 5-500 nm thick,
currently >1cm2 lateral dimension; single
crystal, defect free, flexible, and ultra-
compliant; transferable, bondable, and
stackable; can be strain engineered

• Publications: >35 (19 collaborative)

• Additional in preparation: 15
• Conference proceedings: 15
• Invited talks: 55
• Patent applications and disclosures: 3
• Companies started: 2
• PhDs graduated: 6
• Total students and postdocs: 22
• Of these on fellowship: 5
• Awards and recognition: 12
25
Productivity (2 years)
 Hemispherical Electronic Eyeball
Camera

Double Gauss focusing lens CCD detector

Photodetector array on hemisphere E-Eye Camera Image

1 cm 0 -5 -5
5
10 0
12 5
1 mm

5 mm
axis scale in mm
H.C. Ko et al, Nature 454, 748 (2008) (cover article)
26
Curvilinear Silicon Nanomembrane Electronics
 Recent Transitions

Solid immersion imaging (NAIL microscopy) developed as part of the FY03 MURI
F49620-03-1-0379, “New Instrumentation For Nanoscale Subsurface Spectroscopy And
Imaging” - awarded two new, large IARPA grants for development of industry leading
tools in Circuit Analysis Technologies (CAT)– PIs Novotny, Bennet, Unlu.

AFRL/RY Direct hire of Univ Arizona graduate and Univ of Wisconsin SMART
Fellowship student, both from AFOSR/RSE sponsored research programs.

Additional Funding through NSA to grant FA9550-08-1-0101 with YIP Prof. Hochberg
at the Univ of Washington to explore "Low-Voltage Electrooptic Modulators for Cryogenic
Applications“.
Additional Funding by WPAFB AFRL/RX to FY04 Plasmonics MURI program
with Prof. Harry Atwater focused on Plasmonics for Tunable Infrared
Metamaterials and Mission Power Generation.
Research from fast-light single investigator program with Prof Selim Sharihar
at Northwestern Univ to SBIR program at Eglin AFB (Don Snyder, AFRL/RW) -
title “A FAST-LIGHT ENHANCED ACCELEROMETER”
Traycer Diagnostic Inc, AFOSR Phase 2 STTR terahertz detector 27
program – wins $3M state of Ohio funds + $1M AFRL
 Recent Transitions (cont)
STTRs - Major Part of Portfolio
Fabrication, Integration, Plasmonics, Terahertz
AF08-BT08 Silicon-Based Nanomembrane Components Phase 1 & 2
AF08-BT18 Ultradense Plasmonic Integrated Devices and Circuits Phase 1
AF08-BT26 Frequency Agile Terahertz Detectors Phase 1 & 2
AF08-BT28 Reconfigurable Materials for Photonics Phase 1 & 2
AF08-BT30 Instrumentation for Nanoscale Spectroscopy Phase 1 & 2

AF09-BT25 Ultrafast Hybrid Active Materials & Devices for Compact RF Photonics Phase
1&2
AF09-BT33 Terahertz Focal Plane Arrays Phase 1 & 2
AF09-BT35 Nanotechnology and Molecular Interconnects Phase 1 & 2
AF09-BT39 Plasmonics for Energy Generation Phase 1 & 2

AF10-BT14 Nanomembrane Photonic, Electronic Components P1

AF10-BT34 Silicon Photonic System Integration P1
AF10-BT39 Compact Low Cost High Resolution Spectrometer P1
OSD10 T005 - Roll to Roll Nanoimprint P1
OSD10 T006 - Nano-patterning tools for photonics P1 28
 Recent Transitions (cont)
Silicon Nanomembrane-Based on 3-D Photonic Crystals
For Optical True Time Delay Lines having Integratability
with Printable FETs and Antenna Elements
Harish Subbaraman (Principal Investigator)
Omega Optics Inc., Austin, TX teamed with
University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
Ex: Fully Printed 1x4
Technology novelty and Uniqueness:
Integration of Optical and Electronic
Phased Array Antenna
components on a single flexible substrate. System on flexible
Slow-light PCW provides a very large substrate
time delay within a very short length of the
waveguide.
 ~1ns within 4cm of PCW
Flexible circuits provide unique device
advantages:
 High resistance to impact
 Conformal circuitry
 Low weight
 Low cost fabrication process
29
 Other Organizations That Fund
Related Work
Terahertz Sources & Detectors - limited funding from JIEDDO, DHS, DTRA, NSF; AFOSR
(2305DX) individual investigator & signif STTR efforts (compact sources & detectors, optical
approaches) [AGED meetings, professional mtg support & attendance]

Quantum Computing w/ Optical Methods – funding by NSA, NSF, DOE (NNSA, OS),
NIST, IARPA, ARO, ONR, DARPA; AFOSR(2305DX) efforts focused on optical/photonic
approaches to QC [regular meetings of the NSTC Subpanel on QIS, OSTP lead]

Reconfigurable Photonics and Electronics (DCT) – limited, dispersed funding; AFOSR

most significant and focused program - Investigating promising novel electronic
materials & nano-structures having potential for real-time, dynamically-large electrical &
optical & magnetic property tuning [annual meetings, AFRL/RV & RY major role]

Nanophotonics (Plasmonics, Photonic Crystals, Metamaterials), Nano-Probes & Novel

Sensing – funding by NSF, DARPA, & limited by ARO (DARPA Agent). AFOSR had first
national level program focused on nano-photonics, have been leading in funding chip
scale plasmonics, photonic crystals, nano-antennas, nano-emitters & modulators.
[Agency Reviews, NNI – ex. Aug 2010 wkshp]

Integrated Photonics, Optical Components, Optical Buffer, Silicon Photonics –

significant funding by DARPA, NSF. AFOSR has lead in silicon photonics, VCSELs, Q-
Dot emitters, slow-light, waveguides, optical phased-arrays, developing III-V
compound semiconductors. [Agency Reviews, NNI] 30
 AFRL Lab Tasks
RY, RV, RI, RX LRIRs - Major Part of Portfolio

Robert Bedford, AFRL/RYD, Opto-Electronics for RF and EO: RF-Photonic

Links; VECSELs; compact single mode source for UAV LADAR.

Ken Vaccaro, AFRL/RYH, Optical Components Research: Single Photon

Detectors for NIR and MWIR - Long-range imaging laser radar, free space
optical links, and quantum cryptography.

Richard Soref & Walter Buchwald, AFRL/RYH, Nanostructured & Photonic-

Crystal Materials & Devices: microphotonic, nanophotonic and photonic-
crystal semiconductor materials & device designs for sensors.

Jed Khoury, AFRL/RYH, THz Source Development / Optical Signal Processing:

THz source development; Photorefractives (PR); Image Restoration.

Rob Nelson AFRL/RX (LRIR w/C. Lee); Composite Silicon-Organic Structures

for Chip Scale Optical Networks: organic materials with silicon based
nanophotonic active & passive elements.
31
 AFRL Lab Tasks cont.
Vladimir Vasilyev AFRL/RYHA, Physically Reconfigurable Sensors: dynamic
material formed from an ensemble of coordinated of sub-cubic millimeter
robots (matter that can dynamically change its properties).

David Cardimona AFRL/RV; Weak-Signal Detection for Space Situational

Awareness & Space Surveillance Using Quantum Dots in Photonic Crystal
Cavities: EIT & PC for weak signal detection.

Joe Osman, AFRL/RITC, Electro-optical and optical components for

processor to processor interconnects.

James Lyke, AFRL/VSSE, Cellularity Motifs for Reconfigurable Systems:

reconfigurable discovery challenge thrust (DCT).

Dan H. Huang & Walter R. Buchwald AFRL/RV/RY, Surface Plasmon Polariton

(SPP) Interactions for Near-Field Enhanced Quantum Detectors and Tunable
THz Detection: utilize SPP to transform light into enhanced near field to
increase detectivity of IR-FPAs.
32
 Interactions - Program Trends

AFOSR PMs AFRL – RY, RI, RX, RV, RW, 475th

RSE: Reinhardt, Hottle, Weinstock,
Curcic, Nachman, Schlossberg
RSL: Bonneau, DeLong
RSA: C. Lee, L. Lee, Berman
RSPE: Lawal, Wu, Rifkin, E. Lee
AFRL – HPC Resources
EOARD – Gavrielides
AOARD – Erstfeld, Jessen, Seo,
Goretta
SOARD - Fillerup

- Quantum Computing w/ Optical Methods QIS)

http://depts.washington.edu/uwopsis/
- Optical Memory/Storage & Image Processing
- Terahertz Sources & Detectors Establish a shared,
rapid, stable shuttle
- Nanophotonics
process for building
---- Plasmonics & Nonlinear Nanophotonics high-complexity
---- Chip-scale, computation silicon electronic-
photonic systems on
- Nano-Probes chip, in a DOD-
-Integrated Photonics, Silicon Photonics, Trusted fabrication
environment,
Reconfigurable Photonics (oxides) following the MOSIS
- Nanofabrication (MURI & OSD STTR) model 33
 Conclusion:
People Highlights - Awards

Joint STAR TEAM Award – RY/RV – 2010 Sackler

Buchwald/Huang - Quantum Prize in
Detectors &Tunable THZ Detection Physics:Stefan
Meier & Mark
Brongersma

Harold Brown Basic Research

Award - Candace Lynch;
presentation by SECAF Michael
Donley (Schlossberg/Pomrenke)
Julius Springer Prize for
Applied Physics 2010,
AF Modeling & Simulation Federico Capasso
Award, RYD Team: Kovanis,
Grupen, Usechak, Bedford, & MacArthur
Capt Terry: modeling complex Fellowship
behavior of novel recipient: John
semiconductor lasers Rogers & Michal
(Nachman / Pomrenke) Lipson
34
gernot.pomrenke@afosr.af.mil