Concept 1: Vedic Mathematics

Use the formula ALL FROM 9 AND THE LAST FROM 10 to perform instant
subtractions.
• For example 1000 - 357 = 643
We simply take each figure in 357 from 9 and the last figure from 10.

So the answer is 1000 - 357 = 643

And thats all there is to it!
This always works for subtractions from numbers consisting of a 1 followed by noughts:
100; 1000; 10,000 etc.
• Similarly 10,000 - 1049 = 8951

• For 1000 - 83, in which we have more zeros than figures in the numbers being
subtracted, we simply suppose 83 is 083.

Concept 2: Vedic Mathematics

Using VERTICALLY AND CROSSWISE you do not need to the multiplication tables
beyond 5 X 5.
• Suppose you need 8 x 7
8 is 2 below 10 and 7 is 3 below 10.
Think of it like this:

The answer is 56.

The diagram below shows how you get it.

You subtract crosswise 8-3 or 7 - 2 to get 5,

the first figure of the answer.
And you multiply vertically: 2 x 3 to get 6,
the last figure of the answer.
That's all you do:
See how far the numbers are below 10, subtract one
number's deficiency from the other number, and
multiply the deficiencies together.
• 7 x 6 = 42

Here there is a carry: the 1 in the 12 goes over to make 3 into 4.

Concept 3: Vedic Mathematics

Method for multiplying numbers where the first figures are the same and the last figures
add up to 10.

• 32 x 38 = 1216
Both numbers here start with 3 and the last figures (2 and 8) add up to 10.
So we just multiply 3 by 4 (the next number up) to get 12 for the first part of the answer.

And we multiply the last figures: 2 x 8 = 16 to

get the last part of the answer.

• And 81 x 89 = 7209
We put 09 since we need two figures as in all the other examples.

Concept 4: Vedic Mathematics

Multiplying a number by 11.

To multiply any 2-figure number by 11 we just put
the total of the two figures between the 2 figures.

• 27 x 11 = 297
Notice that the outer figures in 297 are the 27
being multiplied.
And the middle figure is just 2 and 7 added up.
• So 72 x 11 = 792

Similarly

• 234 x 11 = 2574
We put the 2 and the 4 at the ends.
We add the first pair 2 + 3 = 5.
and we add the last pair: 3 + 4 = 7.

CONVERSION OF VULGAR FRACTIONS INTO DECIMAL ONES

NOTE: THIS METHOD IS USED WHEN THE LAST DIGIT OF THE

DENOMINATOR IS 9

SUTRA: Ekadhikena Purvena

ONE-PHRASE EXPLANATION:" By One More than the Previous One"

Pre-requisite knowledge

Here, let us define an entity called as 'Ekadhika Purva'. Lets call it EP.
EP is derived from the above phrase " By One More than the Previous One"

Eg) Any number, say, 29

Last Digit:9
Previous Digit:2
One More than the Previous Digit:2+1=3
So, EP=3,

Application
NOTE: EP is applied to the Denominator here.
NOTE: Unlike, the conventional processes of division and multiplication, vedic maths
gives one-line answers. Let us stop being mechanical machines and give ourselves some
respect by using our mental faculties.

Method 1 : Division
Here, we write the one-line answer from the left to the right.

a) For 2 digit Denominators

Eg)1/29

Step 1
Divide the 1st digit of the dividend(i.e. the Numerator) by EP. Get the Quotient and
Remainder.
Here,
Dividend=Numerator=1
1st digit of Dividend=1
EP=2+1=3 (as explained above, EP is used for Denominators in this method)
So, 1st digit of Dividend divided by EP :1/3 : gives
Quotient,Q1=0
Remainder,R1=1
Take your time, check it out! Relax!

Step 2
1 is smaller than 29.
So the answer will be logically less than 1.
i.e. the answer will be of the form 0.xyz...
Now,
Write the Quotient,Q1 obtained after the decimal point. i.e. 0.0

Step 3
Now, read [R1:Q1] as one number. i.e. 10 (ten)
Let this be the new dividend.
Divide this new dividend by EP again to get New_Quotient(Q2) and
New_Remainder(R2)
i.e. 10/EP = 10/3 which gives Q2=3 and R2=1

Step 4
Now,
Write Q2 after Q1 in the answer. i.e. 0.03
Like before read [R2:Q2] as one number. i.e. 13 (thirteen)

Step 5
Divide this new dividend, 13 by EP again to get a new Quotient, Q3 and a new
Remainder, R3.
i.e. 10/EP = 13/3 gives Q3=4 and R3=1

Continue the same process till the number of decimal places you want!

Answer = 0.0344827586206..

General tip
Remember the following by heart :

1. Tables up to 25
2. Squares up to 30
3. Cubes up to 15
4. Square roots up to 10
5. Cube roots up to 5
6. Reciprocal percentage equivalents up to 30