PHARMACOLOGY

Semester 7 – 082
Multiple Choice Questions (Answer sheet)

1. Carbidopa is a

A. Catechol-O-methyltransfearse (COMT) inhibitor

B. Selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase B inhibitor
C. Irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor
D. Dopamine ß-hydroxylase inhibitor
E. L-DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor

2. The pharmacological mechanism of the antiparkinsonism drug, entacapone is by

inhibition of which enzyme?

A. Monoamine oxidase
B. Catechol-O-methyltransferase
C. Dopamine ß-hydroxylase
D. Acetylcholinesterase
E. Dopa decarboxylase

3. Identify the pharmacological effect that most closely describes the action of
donepezil

A. Selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitor leading to increased availability of

acetylcholine
B. Aromatase inhibitor leading to increased availability of acetylcholine
C.Dopa decarboxylase inhibitor leading to increased availability of noradrenaline
D. Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor leading to increased availability of
dopamine
E. Monoamine oxidase inhibitor leading to increased availability of serotonin

4. An example of a class IV anti-arrhythmic drug is:

A. Lignocaine
B. Flecainide
C. Verapamil
D. Metoprolol
E. Quinidine

5. An example of an angiotensin II receptor antagonist is:

A. Enalapril
B. Irbesarten
C. Spironalactone
D. Eplerenone
E. Hydrochlorothiazide
6. Identify the opioid receptor most closely associated with the analgesic action of
morphine.

A. Mu
B. Delta
C. Alpha
D. Gamma
E. Kappa

7. The ability of aspirin to reduce platelet aggregation is dependent on its ability to

A. Bind irreversibly to cyclo-oxygenase to stimulate thromboxane A2 production

B. Bind irreversibly to cyclo-oxygenase to inhibit thromboxane A2 production
C. Bind irreversibly to thromboxane A2
D. Bind reversibly to cyclo-oxygenase to inhibit thromboxane A2 production
E. Bind irreversibly to cyclo-oxygenase to stimulate thromboxane A2 production

8. Identify the set of pharmacological characteristics that most accurately describe

zanamivir, a drug used to treat influenza.

Only effective if
Derivative of Only active against Neuraminidase
A. taken within 48
salicylic acid influenza A inhibitor
hours
Only effective if
Neuraminidase Active against Derivative of
B. taken within 72
inhibitor influenza A and B sialic acid
hours
Only effective if Reverse Only active
Derivative of
C. taken within 48 transcriptase against
sialic acid
hours inhibitor influenza A
Reverse Only effective if
Active against Derivative of
D. transcriptase taken within 72
influenza A and B salicylic acid
inhibitor hours
Only effective if
Neuraminidase Derivative of Active against
E. taken within 48
Inhibitor sialic acid influenza A and B
hours
 Short Answer Questions (Answer sheet)

1. Dandrolopril has just been submitted for approval to the Australian Therapeutic
Goods Administration by the pharmaceutical company, Pharmsforu.

(i)What would be the most likely pharmacological class? (1 mark)

(ii)Identify its likely therapeutic target(s) (1 mark)

(iii)Describe how its pharmacological action can be exploited therapeutically

(4 marks)

(i)Angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor (in full, to distinguish angiotensinogen,

angiotensin I and II)

(ii)Hypertension and heart failure

(iii)Angiotensin II vasoconstriction properties reduced leading to vasodilation (and decreased

cardiac afterload), reduced aldosterone release leads to increased sodium and water
excretion reducing plasma volume and venous return (decreased cardiac preload)

2. Describe the pharmacological mechanism of action of the cephalosporin class of

antibiotics. Identify the spectrum of antibacterial activity for each generation of
cephalosporin and give an example of a drug within each generation.
(6 marks)

- Bactericidal, inhibit cell-wall synthesis

- 1st = cephalothin, cephalexin, cephazolin – primarily against gram +ve strep and
staph including penicillinase producing staph. Also E. Coli and Klebsiella but little
other gram –ves.
- 2nd = cefoxitin, cefotetan – primarily anaerobic activity in particular bacteroides.
- 3rd = ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefepime – cover majority of gram-ve, in particular
gram –ve rods. (Cefepime/Ceftazidime against P. aeruginosa).