ARTHRPOPODS AS ECTOPARASITES

ARTHROPODS VECTORS TRANSMISSION CLINICAL DX n TX DISEASE

@ MODE OF INFC IMPORTANT
LICE: P. humanus P.h. Capitis- head to ~ Symptomless Head: Vagabond’s
(infestation) corporis: head ~ Itching, restlessness - shampoo ( c: disease- severe
- Vector + ectoparasite (all M/F/nymphs can P.h. corporis- body ~ ↑↑↑infection-entire malathion, dermatitis
transmit) contact, clothes scalp-plica polonica pyrethrin,
1. Pediculus humanus - orientia prowarzeki Phthirus pubis ~ byk kt : soldiers n carbaryl)
capitis (head) - barrelia recurrentis - pubic hair, eye-lashes mentally retarded
2. pediculus humanus - Orientia quintana - intimate phy contact
corporis (body) - ↓itching ~ social stigma
3. phthirus pubis (crab - ↑↑↑ ‘ taches bleues’
louse)
MITE: - human to human ~ Itchy lesions Dx : Hyperkeratotic-
contact ~ erythematous Mite in burrow crusted or
1. Sarcoptes scabiei - sharing beds, clothes eruptions Norwegian
(scabies m.) - sexual actvity ~↓immunity (IgE)- Rx: scabies (ADS)
(extoparasite) crusted or Norwegian Benzene
-prefered site= skin scabies (ADS) hexachloride
(lindane
ointment) 10%
solution

Control: cleansing
garments

2. Demodex -hair follicles -acne, blackhead Rx: Keratitis

follicularum ( follice m.) - sebaceous gland - rarely needed
- ectoparasite - nose, cheek, eye-lids - ↓ make-up
-feed on subcutaneous - wash well w
tissue medicated soap

3. Leptotrombidium sp Larva trasmit: - infest soft parts of body Rx: Scrub thypus
(scrub thypus m.) Orientia (ear, grain) 10% sulphur (eschar)
-vector n ectoparasite tsutsugamushi - histolytic enzyme→lyse solution + phenol
tissue→eschar →ulcer
Soldiers, workers
Adults: 8 legs
Larva : 6 legs →chigger
4. Dermatophagoides -feed on dead organic Rx: Asthma
pteronyssinus ( dust m.) matter in dust -regular
-ectoparasite - proteins of dead mites vacuuming
- D. farinae in dust→ allergic rxn -↓ carpet
→asthma - allergen test

FLEAS: 1. Xenopsylla M/F bite cause ‘line of Rx: Tunga penetrans-

- Vector n ectoparasite cheopsis flea bite’ Tunga penetrans- tungiasis
↓ surgical removal
1. Xenopsylla cheopsis V of: Irritation
2. Ctenocephalides felis - yersinia pestis ↓
( cat flea) - orientia typhi Redness
3. Tunga penetrans (mooseri) ↓
- ectoparasite * flea borne typus Vesicle
 Chigger flea * transovarial
 Ectoparasite
 Absent in asia 2. Ctenocephalides
 M/F on pig n man felis
 M/F blood feeders
 F burrow (feet ↑) V of:
epidermis - hymerolepsis
- diphylidium
caninum
ARTHRPOPODS AS ECTOPARASITES

BED-BUGS

SPECIES CHARACTERISTICS CLINICAL RX DISEASE

PICTURES
Cimex - poverty  multiple Not needed -
lectularius - wingless bite unless ↑ antibiotic
- piercing mouth interrupted cream
 stink gland parts  10-20 min
 nocturnal - dorso-ventral flat to fill
feeder - crevices of  ↓ pain
 nymphs (5 furniture, matress,  Erythema +
stages) + clothes itch
adult need
food

TICKS

TICKS ARGASID IXODID

soft hard
Shield No scutum Has scutum
Mouth part Cannot see capitulum Can see capitulum
Life cycle E-N-A E-N-A
Virus Arbovirus
Diseases - Relapsing fever - Ricketsiae
(borrelia duttoni) - tularemia
- Q fever
Species Ornithodorus sp Dermacentor sp.
(transovarial infection)