Lecture 6

Part 1
The incisal and middle 1/3s and the distal height of contour is in the
middle of the crown .
1. The mesial cusp ridge here is high and adjacent with cusp tip .
2. The distal cusp ridge is lower than the mesial cusp ridge ; always
remember ,similarly to the maxillary canine ,the mesial cusp ridge
is shorter than the distal cusp ridge; this feature is important in
telling the surfaces of the tooth ,when you draw any canine from
the labial aspect ,when you see a cusp sloping ridge shorter than
the other ,then the short sloping ridge is the mesial part and the
longer one is the distal part . This is simply how we can tell the
side of the tooth, which is similar to
the approach that we follow is
maxillary canine.
3. The incisal outline is 1/4 to 1/5 IC
height, the part present in the cusp
tip is around 1/4 -1/5 the crown
height .
4. The mesial outline is straight while
distal is convex ,both converge
slightly toward the cervix.(as we go
down in the root the tooth should be
converged ,it's not straight )

So incisors and canines are wider incisally than cervically . So the two
,distal and mesial, outlines they converge cervically . The mesial height
of contour is just below MI angle ; the Distal height of contour is
between incisal & middle thirds. Mesial height of contour is lower than
the distal height of contour, generally it’s between the incisal third and
middle third of this tooth.

5. This tooth also is similar to incisor and maxillary canine, it's

formed by the fusion of 3 separate lobes.
 the middle lobe represents the tip of the cusp and
 mesial lobe
 and distal lobe
 6. Root is conical and it's blunted ;Mesial inclination from cervix to
apex ,as we go from cervix to apex we find some mesial inclination
; the crown appears tilted distally in relation to the root long axis
;if you draw a line throught the root is looks a bit inclinated, not
straight .

This tooth, mandibular canine ,has the longest crown of

all teeth; it measures around 11mm from the top of the
root to the cervical line..Maxillary canine is also long but
.still shorter than mandibular
The cusp tip is less pointed than maxillary canine.

 From the lingual aspect :

1) The tooth has two marginal ridges ,mesial and distal ,and has two
fosse,mesiolingual and distolingual ;this means that we have a
ridge that separated the two fosse ,this ridge is the LINGUAL
RIDGE.
2) These two fosse are shallower than the maxillary
fosse which are deeper. This is something general,
if you remember we said that fosse in maxillary
teeth are deeper than fosse in mandibular teeth,
even in incisors the lingual fossa is deeper in
maxillary incisor than mandibular ones.
3) Pits or grooves are rare .
4) Root narrower lingually than labially ,from the
lingual side we can see the sides of the tooth,
because the root is slightly narrower lingually from labial ,it
means a cross section of the root will not be
symmetrical ,the labial part will be thicker than the
lingual in this cross section.
5) Distinct longitudinal depressions on the root,
clearly evident in the picture. These extend down
to reach the cervical line or the proximal surfaces.
Sometimes we might have a CENTRAL CANAL in the root,
and probability of having a central canal in the root is also
30% similar to the probability of find it in a maxillary
canine. That's why any dentist working on a root canal treatment, he
/she has to remember that there is a possibility in 30% of the population
to have a two canals.
 From the mesial aspect :
1. Cusp tip with long axis of the tooth, if we draw a line dissecting
the root in the middle this line passes through the tip of the cusp.

Remember this feature is not the same in maxillary canine ,if you
remember we said : the maxillary canine if we draw a line dissecting the
root ,this line will be lingual to the tip of the cusp (or the tip of the cusp
will be labially to that line );but in mandibular canine this line pass in the
tip of the cusp and some text books say that this line pass lingual to the
cusp(completely opposite) ,but in most of cases the tip of the cusp is
exactly in line with the labiolingual dissecting line.
2. The height of contours labially and lingually are almost at same
level located ,near the cervix.
3. The root is very broad labiolingually, wider than mesiodistally;
that's why if we make a cross section through the root it will not
be circular, it will be prolonged, it has the labiolingual diameter
longer than the mesiodistal diameter.

 From the distal side: is similar to mesial .

 From the incisal side :

1. The mesial and distal halves are more nearly symmetrical ,this
means that the distal and mesial parts are almost equal ;
This is not similar to maxillary canine,you remember we said that the
mesial portion is thicker labiolingually than distal ,and the mesial
portion is shorter mesiodistally than the distal portion ;in other words
tooth halves are not identical ,they are more identical in mandibular
canine.
2. Less bulky appearance of the incisal edge ,
This means the incisal part of the tooth is almost thin, but in maxillary
canine the incisal part is thick.
3. Vertical lobe grooves are less marked
If you remember we said that we have labial grooves on maxillary
canines formed by the fusion of two lobes ,so that's why we have on the
maxillary canine LABIAL GROOVE and at the side of this labial groove
we have two depressions ,these depressions are shallower in
mandibular canine,more evident.
 Pulp is similar to maxillary canine.:
 Double convex lens shape
 Very narrow MD
 But wide labiolingually

This is a cross section of root canal .it is elongated and in case of having
two canals you will see two separates canals.

From slide 10-13 show the arch traits of canines... This is a summary of
what we've talked about … it's very important, read it and know it.

Canine relationship:

In the last lecture we talked about the incisal relationship ,we said we
have Class I , class II and class III. And we discussed what we mean by
overjet and overbite.

We'll talk about the three classes of

canine relationship: class I ,class II
and class III .
** Remember something: the
maxillary incisors are wider than
mandibular, for this reason you
should imagine than mandibular teeth
all come under maxillary ,
Look at the picture : we have maxillary incisor, wide ; and the
mandibular incisor, more narrower ,you can notice there's a space
between the two teeth while occluding .Because of that in any
apposition of any teeth ,the mandibular will be more mesial than the
same tooth in the maxilla ,thus forming a space; for example if you take
the mandibular first premolar ,this should be more mesial than maxillary
first premolar ,why?because we have difference in the incisals ,because
the incisal in the upper jaw are wider than in the lower jaw ,so all the
posterior teeth will be nearer to the middline than maxilla.
Maxillary canine
Because of this we have class I ,class II
and class III .
1) in class I relationship :
notice that the mandibular canine is
located between the maxillary canine and
lateral incisor ;
in other words : the set of the maxillary
canine is located between the mandibular
canine and the mandibular first premolar .
Mandibular Canine

2) now ,if the tip on

mandibular canine is
located more anterior to
this position ,it's class II .
3) If it's located more
posterior to this
position ,it's class III .

See here ,for example, the tip of the

maxillary canine should be exactly
between the mandibular canine and
first premolar ,but because it's located
more anterior to the original
position ,we call it CLASS II.
If it was located more posterior ,like in
the third picture, you can see the tip
of the canine is located posterior ,so
it's CLASS III.
So simply ,we actually can give the canine relationship based on the
location of the canine tip in relation to the mandibular teeth.

Done by : Sara Ibdiwi