ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR - ABUS015-3-2

SAMEER ESMAIL ADAM TP018959

786-92-110-313-59-133

INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT:
ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR /ABUS015-3-2
LECTURER: MISS ANITA
COURSE INTAKE: UCD2F1004DBT
SAMEER ESMAIL / TP018959

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ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR - ABUS015-3-2
SAMEER ESMAIL ADAM TP018959
786-92-110-313-59-133

Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.................................................................................................................................3
ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................................................4
INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................5
STELLA’S BEHAVIOR EXPLAINED WITH MARS MODEL............................................................5
TWO MOTIVATIONAL THEORIES USED BY JIM SANTANA TO MOTIVATE STELLA.....................................7
REFERENCE................................................................................................................................................10

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ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR - ABUS015-3-2
SAMEER ESMAIL ADAM TP018959
786-92-110-313-59-133

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Firstly we would like to take this opportunity to thank my lecture’s Ms. ANITA who is teaching
us this subject of ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR for being there always for us. When we are facing
some problems doing our work and only by what she have taught us I am able to finish this
assignment in the period of time given. Therefore, we will also like to take this opportunity to
thank Apiit (Asia Pacific University Collage of Technology & Innovation) for actually giving us
assignment, for me it was a very nice and challenging experience . I have not only done that but
at the same time doing lots of researches actually made us all understand how does OB works,.
However, by this i have learned a lot and it will definitely help me in the coming future. Many
thanks also to Apiit for providing us with the facilities like the labs in college

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ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR - ABUS015-3-2
SAMEER ESMAIL ADAM TP018959
786-92-110-313-59-133

ABSTRACT

This assignment is to propose a good idea so that Jim Santana acts on the situation about Stella’s
problems, her taking off day, and also not performing in work, before it gets worst because the
other department staffs are getting affected to this. Therefore, the scope here is to concentrate on
the situation of Stella and how to motivate her and the rest of the staff departments. Next the
method to use here is motivational theories in organizational behavior. Here the consequence of
the problem or issue that will be discussed is about Stella’s performance in the work place.
Lastly, the recommendation part will be to take the motivational theories to help Stella and all
the other staffs so there are all satisfied.

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ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR - ABUS015-3-2
SAMEER ESMAIL ADAM TP018959
786-92-110-313-59-133

INTRODUCTION
In this Organizational Behaviour assignment we are elaborating and assessing the individual
behavior of an problematic staff named Stella, who’s a pleasant and friendly girl who has a
degree in accounting good knowledge and experience until she started being affected with her
personal familial problem which affected her Motivation, Ability, Role Perception, Situational
Factors . Briefly Stella was not having her legs standing at work, she was not performing, and
her mind was not focusing at work. Next, this started influencing other staff. We will elaborate in
this assignment by looking at Stella’s the individual behavior and applying the components of
the MARS model strategies. Then we will elaborate two motivational theories which Jim
Santana who is her supervisor, will use to motivate Stella and to maintain her original stability.

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ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR - ABUS015-3-2
SAMEER ESMAIL ADAM TP018959
786-92-110-313-59-133

STELLA’S BEHAVIOR EXPLAINED WITH MARS MODEL

“MARS model of individual behaviour and performance is a useful model for understanding the
drivers of individual behaviour” “This model shows that motivation, ability, role perceptions
and situational factors have a combined effect on individual performance” SLIDE

MARS MODEL (INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS)

 Motivation
 Ability
 Role Perception
 Situational Factors

Role
perception
Motivatio
n
Individual
behavior and
Performance

Ability
Situational
Factors

EXTERNAL FACTORS INTERNAL FACTORS

There are many factors that come into play, but there are four important criteria as illustrated above, that
directly has an impact on an individual. We will explain these four factors; Motivation, Ability, Role
perception and Situational Conditions and using it as a tool to identify where Stella has strayed from her
path of productivity.

Motivation can be categorized based on the incentives and based on the type of reinforcement.
Motivation through Incentives- Financial :Stella’s behavior was also due to financial situation from her
External factor and that would affect her internal performance in motivation, since her husband was
having problems and she was having 3 kids…Non-Financial :Stella’s motivation was seriously going
worse, Jim needs to look into the non-financial incentives to boost up her motivation. He should try to get
involved in her problem so she could have less stress at work.

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ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR - ABUS015-3-2
SAMEER ESMAIL ADAM TP018959
786-92-110-313-59-133

Motivation through Reinforcement - Positive: Jim can use positive reinforcement techniques like
appreciation, recognition, to encourage Stella to continue in her effective performance. Empathizing with
Stella’s conditions also induces positive outcomes. Negative: Jim can remind her or advice her that if she
continues having this situation, she would have much bigger problem because the company could dismiss
her and there will be already a bigger problem on to of the one she has already.

Ability refers to an individual’s capacity to perform the various task s in a job. It is current assessment of
what one can do. An individual’s overall abilities are essentially made up of two sets of factors:
intellectual and physical abilities. Since Stella’s ability is not adequate enough to do the work given to
her. Because she does not use her intellectual ability to control herself and perform well at work. She is
not using her physical strength to come to work but she takes sick leave.

This is because she Values her family more than her work.

Role perception refers to the set of behavior patterns which an individual occupying a certain position in
the society is expected to display. The perception involves understanding how one is supposed to behave
in a particular role by observing the behavior of another individual in the same role. The role is both
perceived and interpreted through external learning before being enacted.
In the case of perspective Stella’s priority is her Family, and Jim’s perspective is her performance at
work.

Situational Factors will include all the internal organizational environment and external factors
Stella’s did not have any problem with the internal workplace because she never complain about anything
such as salary , security in workplace, environment facilities, geographical distance etc rather her main
problem was much in the External factor.

After analyzing the above factors we can notice that there are also some major factors which are affecting
Stella’s behavior at work. Noticing that she didn’t attend work because of her health and later admitting
that she was not sick but she did not have the emotional strength to attend the workplace. Then telling her
supervisor that she was having marriage problem because of her alcoholic husband who had lost his third
job on that week, since she was directly concern she started worrying about her kids and the family’s
financial situation.

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ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR - ABUS015-3-2
SAMEER ESMAIL ADAM TP018959
786-92-110-313-59-133

The fact that she was having external problem was even because she was crying on her desk. Since her
situation is continually deteriorating due to her external factors she couldn’t finish her monthly
accounting book closing, and taking more sick days…

Thus, we have looked into various aspect of Stella’s behaviour using the MARS model technique and
identified many problems we can confirm that since Stella is very sentimental and she is a person who
value and care more about her family that shows that she has other priorities than her work.

TWO MOTIVATIONAL THEORIES USED BY JIM SANTANA TO MOTIVATE STELLA

Jim would use first Vroom’s expectancy theory which says that individuals have different sets of
goals and can be motivated if they believe that: There is a positive correlation between efforts
and performance. So that Stella puts more effort and performance which will help her external
factors in safety by making an effort, because if the familial situation is unstable she should be
strong for her family and not to let herself down because the outcome will keep deteriorating and
her favorable performance will result in a desirable reward for the company and her family. The
reward will satisfy an important need which is about to control the situation rather than making it
worse by making the effort worthwhile. Jim will try to motivate Stella to stay and perform at her
job or else he will also have to find another person to replace her and even to train, and he
believe that if he has to do that he won’t do it timely , and will have to pay for extra money
training . Therefore he decide to use even Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Valence which is the main belief in expectancy theory, that will help Jim Santana to motivate
Stella by discovering her emotional orientation that she value then deal with it. Since Jim Found
that she values Family, and her want for intrinsic reward such as satisfaction. If she place some
importance she will have an outcome which is better than if she keeps in the way she is.
Expectancy in the case of Stella is fine at work, Jim found that his expectations and levels of
confidence towards Stella is that she is capable of doing-well. Therefore he belief that she need
some support to handle her situation. Jim needs to make her belief that she should make an effort
before everything goes completely out of her control.
Instrumentality is the perception of Stella whether she will actually get what she value even if it
has been promised by Jim. Jim must ensure that her problems are getting better and that Stella
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ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR - ABUS015-3-2
SAMEER ESMAIL ADAM TP018959
786-92-110-313-59-133

sees that Jim is also there to support.

(Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychology, proposed by Abraham Maslow in his

1943 paper A Theory of Human Motivation. Maslow's hierarchy of needs is often portrayed in
the shape of a pyramid, with the largest and lowest levels of needs at the bottom, and the need
for self-actualization at the top, also the needs for people.)

The second theory that Jim will use is the Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs to shape Stella’s
behavior and that will focus on a major point in Maslow’s hierarchy of need which is the Self-
actualization, Stella need to have Self-actualization for the need of fulfilling oneself for the
growth of her work and support of her family. Jim decide to convince her to stay and perform
well at her job for both sake (family and the work or else she can imagine what might happen if
her way behavior manner information reach the top level managers of the company. Stella will
need to remain strong to achieve what she wanted, get her dignity and recognition , become the
pleasant and friendly girl she used to be and be better even. Working with her co-workers, going
out for launch which will even help her having less stress. She need to have faith, Love,
Affection and believe that the Sustainer is the Supreme God and not to worry. She must be
Social with her colleagues at work , and have the sense of belonging. Psychologically she have to
be very strong go for launch. Stella’s need a safety and a security need which include Personal
Security, Financial security which is why Jim insisted on her self to work and perform well for
her own benefit and the safety of the family since she is the only one her children’s might rely
on. Therefore again he insist that her safety need’s must take priority and dominate he
Problematic behavior

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ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR - ABUS015-3-2
SAMEER ESMAIL ADAM TP018959
786-92-110-313-59-133

REFERENCE
Reading material: (web) http://www.sooperarticles.com/business-articles/organizational-
behavior-articles[date 11th april 2011] (web)

Reading material: (web)http://www.managerwise.com/extarticles.phtml?cat=Organizational

%20Behavior[date 10th april 2011]

Reading material:
(web)http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/622929/description#descri
ption[date 10th april 2011]

Reading material: (web) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_studies[date 9th april 2011]

Reading material:
(web)http://www.ilr.cornell.edu/library/research/subjectguides/organizationalbehavior.html[date
9th april 2011]

Website accessed : http://www.columbiagazetteer.org/public [date 9th april 2011]

Website accessed : http://studenten.samenvattingen.com/documenten/show/0481340/ [date 9th
april 2011]

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