Introduction to EMC

Standards
Les McCormack
York EMC Services Ltd
University of York, UK
 Summary
!Why are standards important?
!What are the different types of standard?
!How are standards structured?
!How do I identify the appropriate standard?
!What are transition periods?
 Introduction
! Standards
− Important documents
− Used to demonstrate conformity
− Different types & different uses
− Some may contain test methods
− Most will contain test limits or test levels
 Types of standard
!Basic standards
!Product specific (family) standards
!Generic standards
Structure of new standards
!Simple documents
!Contain no test methods
!Reference basic standards EN50082-1:1997
ESD Radiated
EN61000-4-2 EN61000-4-3
ENV50204
EFT/B Surge
EN61000-4-4 EN61000-4-5

Conducted RF Pwr freq mag field

EN61000-4-6 EN61000-4-8

PQF
EN61000-4-11
 Basic standards
! Reference documents
− Referenced by generic and product standards
! Provide basic test methods
! Emissions
− EN55022
− EN55011
− EN55014
− EN61000-3-2
− EN61000-3-3
 Basic standards
! Immunity
− EN61000-4-2 (ESD)
− EN61000-4-3 (Radiated immunity)
− EN61000-4-4 (EFT/B)
− EN61000-4-5 (Surge)
− EN61000-4-6 (Conducted RF)
− EN61000-4-8 (Power frequency magnetic)
− EN61000-4-11 (Voltage dips and interruptions)
 Product standards
! Written for specific products or product families
! Take precedence over other standards
! Emissions
− EN55011 (Industrial, scientific and medical)
− EN55013 (Broadcast receivers)
− EN55014-1 (Household appliances)
− EN55015 (Lighting equipment)
− EN50199 (Welding equipment)
 Product standards
! Immunity
− EN55014-2 (Household appliances)
− EN55020 (Broadcast receivers)
− EN55024 (Information technology equipment)
− EN61547 (Lighting equipment)
! Both
− EN61326-1 (Measurement, control and lab use)
− EN50130-4 (Alarms)
 Generic standards
! Cover an environment
− Residential, commercial & light industrial
− Industrial
! Used where no harmonised product standard
! Emissions
− EN50081-1 (RCLI) renumbered to EN61000-6-3
− EN50081-2 (I) renumbered to EN61000-6-4
! Immunity
− EN50082-1 (RCLI) renumbered to EN61000-6-1
− EN50082-2 (I) renumbered to EN61000-6-2
 Changes
!Generic standards renumbering
Current No New No Title Changes DOW
?
EN50081-1:1992 EN61000-6-3:2001 Emissions / No 1/4/2004
RCLI
EN50081-2:1993 EN61000-6-4:2001 Emissions / I No 1/4/2004

EN50082-1:1997 EN61000-6-1:2001 Immunity / No 1/4/2004

RCLI
EN50082-2:1995 EN61000-6-2:1999 Immunity / I Yes 1/4/2002
EN50082-2:1995 V EN61000-6-2:1999

!Definitions of apparatus ports

• Process, measurement & control ports
are redefined as signal ports
• Earth port is redefined as a functional
earth port
!DOW 01/04/2002
 EN50082-2:1995 V EN61000-6-
2:1999
Test Standard Summary of changes

ESD EN61000-4-2 None

Radiated EN61000-4-3 None

EFT/B EN61000-4-4 All signal port test levels ±1kV

Functional earth port

Surge EN61000-4-5 New test. Applicable to ac power, dc power &

signal ports
For signal lines:
!±1kV line – earth only
!Applicable only to cables >30m
!Where the EUT will not function because of the
surge generator CDN, the test is not required.
 EN50082-2:1995 V EN61000-6-
2:1999
Test Standard Summary of changes
Conducted EN61000-4-6 None
RF
Magnetic EN61000-4-8 New test
!50Hz 30A/m. Only applicable to apparatus
containing devices susceptible to magnetic
fields
Voltage dips EN61000-4- New test. Applicable to ac input power ports
& 11 only
interruptions !30% reduction for 0.5 period
!60% reduction for 5 periods
!>95% reduction for 250 periods
 Applicable standards
! Is there a relevant product standard?
− Refer to Official Journal (OJ)
! If not, use generics
− Consider the environment
• Residential, commercial and light industrial
• Industrial
• Or both
! Is there more than one version of the standard?
 The Problem with Dates!
!CISPR 22:1993 is the same as
− EN55022:1994 is the same as
− BSEN55022:1995
!CISPR 14:1993 is the same as
− EN55014:1993 is the same as
− BSEN55014-1:1997
 Transition periods
!Apply to all new and amended standards
!Period when the new standard can be used
!Normally 2 or 3 years in duration
!New standard must be applied after transition
period
!Transition periods are published in the OJ
 Listing in the OJ
!Standard may be used to demonstrate
conformity via the self certification route
!Not all harmonised European standards
(ENs) are published in OJ
− EN50155 (railway apparatus)
− EN50121-x series (railway environment)
− Need a TCF to justify their use
 The Consequence of Change
! Standards are
! dynamic
! amended
! re-issued
! superseded
! It is important to identify
! The available versions available for test
! Associated transition dates
! Is there more than one applicable standard?
 Relevant information
!Official Journal (OJEC) contains
!List of all harmonised standards under the
EMC Directive
!List of amendments to those standards
!Transition dates
!http://www.yorkemc.co.uk