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Shedding light
on LEDs
TESTING LED-BASED LUMINAIRES: HOW CAN
MANUFACTURERS GET TO GRIPS WITH LEDS
VARIABLE COLOUR TEMPERATURES PAGE 12
Enecsys
www.enecsys.com
Oled100.eu
www.oled100.eu
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DC-DC converter
becomes charger *&'+*
is that it must span the input voltage named VC or ITH, whose voltage
and battery voltage, and have a pin level varies in a positive monotonic
for external compensation. Dubbed way with its output. The output vari-
LTC4000, the chip will handle input able can be either output voltage or
and output voltages from 3-60V and output current,” said Linear. """
back-up mediation between the input Because it is connected to the con-
supply, battery and load. verter’s compensation pin, the chip
“It is capable of driving typical includes an amplifier that can com-
DC-DC converter topologies, includ- pensate the combined circuit using a
ing buck, boost, buck-boost, sepic discrete resistor and capacitor.
and flyback,” said Linear. “It prefer- Full parameters and equations are
entially provides power to the system provided for those who wish to cal-
load when input power is limited, culate the RC values.
and controls external pFETs to pro- And for those who don’t, there is a
vide reverse current protection.” rather neat practical method for itera-
A feature that allows the load to be tively deriving the correct values –
fed the moment external power is ap- first published by the firm in app
plied, even with a flat or dead battery note AN19 in 1986(Figure 32) –
connected, is built in. The power involving an oscilloscope, a signal
range is “from mW to kW”. generator, and a 50Ω resistor.
Other features include: +/– 0.2% Operational temperature range is
programmable float voltage; selecta- –40 to 125°C, and the chip comes in a
ble timer or C/X current termination; 0.75mm high 28-pin 4x5mm QFN
temperature-qualified charging using package or a 28-lead SSOP. O
a thermistor; automatic re-charge;
C/10 trickle charge for deeply dis-
charged cells; and bad battery Web link description
detection. www.linear.com/product/LTC4000
niversity of Manchester
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test & measurement
Photometric testing aids luminaire
designers as LEDs replace light bulbs
Robert Yeo of Pro-Lite walks Steve Bush through the basics of testing LED-based luminaires.
or the growing array of ratio of the unknown signal to the repeatable than those made using the are made synchronously with the
ower meters will return a Assume a production engineer “MEAS?” command should be used ASCII format will need 17 bytes,
Figure 2: To complete 1,000 measurements, it takes 45s using Figure 3: To complete 1,000 buffered mode measurements, it takes
non-buffered mode and 10s using buffered mode 10s in ASCII format and 2.5s using REAL format
regardless of the model used. Should To solve this problem, we can set tomer power measurement require- to enable asynchronous operation so
the particular model only need 15s, the interface to time out in 60s and ments. To achieve the fastest speed that other tasks may be performed
25s will be wasted. Another way is use the following SCPI commands: possible, the user has to understand while waiting for power meters to
that if the power meter and sensor CAL:ALL their test requirement and how to complete pending operations. O
require 15s, a 16s wait time can be *OPC? configure the meters and sensors to
set. This may seem like a good solu- This will limit wait time to 60s. If adapt to different test methods. The authors are Goh Ching Chuan, design
tion, but there is no guarantee that zero and calibration time takes only From experiments of buffered mode and development engineer, and Karen Chew,
the zero and calibration procedure 15s, “*OPC?”, an operation complete to acquire 1,000 measurements above, application engineer, at Agilent Technologies
time will not increase or decrease as query command, will return “1” im- we see that test time is cut from 10s to
the power meter and power sensor mediately after zero and calibration 2.5s and then to 0.9s by just changing
design evolves. Besides, waiting 16s is completed. Power meters and sen- the format and unit. Besides buffered Agilent Technologies
still means 1s is wasted. sors are designed to meet many cus- mode, power meters support features www.agilent.com
!$'&+
put voltages for each LED string,” reduced using a standard AC mains
said the supplier. TRIAC dimmer down to 1% (3mA)
"T6,EJTUSJCVUPSTGPS"NFUFL1SPHSBNNBCMF
1PXFSXFPGGFS%$QPXFSTVQQMJFTBOE"$ From a 48V input, the LT3597 can without instability or flickering of the
QPXFSTPVSDFTUPCFZPOELJMMPXBUUT drive up to three strings of LEDs, LED array.
each with up to ten 100mA LEDs The supply is designed to be
in series, delivering efficiencies compatible with both low-cost,
above 90%. leading-edge dimmers and more
Each channel can be independent- sophisticated trailing-edge dimmers.
ly dimmed with True Color PWM™ It operates over the universal AC
dimming, offering dimming ratios as input range (85Vac-265Vac, 47Hz-
Mosfet drivers offer peak high as 10,000:1. Operating frequen- 63Hz) and can withstand an input
output currents of 2A and 3A cy is programmable between 200kHz range of 0Vac-300Vac, improving
Microchip has expanded its fam- and 1MHz. field reliability and lifetime during
ily of mosfet drivers with the The LT3597 is available in a line sags and swells.
MCP14E6/7/8 and MCP14E9/10/11 5x8mm QFN package. Power factor is specified greater
low-side drivers. www.linear.com/product/LT3597 than 0.9 and input current total
The drivers offer peak output cur- harmonic distortion (THD) is less
rents of 2A and 3A respectively. They 5W offline LED driver features than 10% at 115Vac and less than
have an operating voltage range of flicker-free TRIAC dimming 15% at 230Vac.
4.5V-18V and features enable input Power Integrations is offering a The board fits inside a pear-
pins to provide a shutdown capabili- reference design for a 5W offline shaped A19 LED replacement lamp
ty for conserving power. LED driver that includes flicker-free with an E26/27 base. RDK-251 con-
They are offered in eight-pin SOIC TRIAC dimming and single-stage tains full power supply specifica-
and eight-pin 6x5mm DFN packages. power factor correction (PFC). Based tions, schematic, bill of materials,
The MCP14E6/7/8 dual devices on the firm’s LNK457DG LED driver, transformer documentation, printed
are rated for a peak output current of the reference design provides a single circuitboard layout, and perform-
2A, while the dual MCP14E9/10/11 LED driver for handhelds boasts constant-current output of 350mA at ance data.
drivers are rated for a peak output fault protection and diagnostics a nominal LED string voltage of 15V. www.powerint.com/rdk
current of 3A. ON Semiconductor has introduced a The output current can be
www.microchip.com single-channel LED driver tuned for
low-power applications such as port-
High-efficiency switched mode able handheld medical equipment.
controller for high-power LEDs The CAT3661, which uses a
International Rectifier has the patented architecture and integrates
IRS2548D switched mode power fault protection and fault diagnostics,
supply control IC which is designed is able to drive a single LED backlight
for use in high-power LED lighting, with a current of up to 5mA. Soft-
including LED street lighting, sta- start current limiting and short-
dium lighting and theatrical lighting. circuit protection make the device
The device combines power factor ideal for use in equipment powered
correction (PFC) and a half-bridge by coin cell batteries.
driver. It offers greater than 88% effi- Typical applications include low-
ciency for a 40V/1.3A HBLED load. power backlighting for LCDs and
The intention is to offer a higher ef- backlighting for a wide range of port-
ficiency compared with alternative able handheld devices, including
flyback converter designs at power medical equipment.
levels above 60W. Packaged in a 16-lead TQFN pack-
The IC achieves PWM dimming age measuring 3x3x0.8mm, the chip’s
down to less than 2% light output quad-mode charge pump supports a
and offers protection features that in- range of input voltages from 2V-5.5V
clude programmable PFC and half- and helps achieve peak efficiency
bridge over-current protection, latch levels of up to 92%.
immunity and ESD protection. A typical quiescent current of
The IRS2548D also includes varia- just 150μA across all operating
ble frequency oscillator, fixed inter- modes at full load and a zero current
nal 1.6us deadtime, internal boot-
strap mosfet, internal 15.6V zener
shutdown help reduce power
consumption.
Constant current 16-channel LED
clamp diode on Vcc, and micropow-
er start-up (250μA).
www.onsemi.com drivers offer 25MHz data transfer
www.irf.com DC-DC converter delivers three-
channel constant current for LEDs
Linear Technology has introduced a
60V, 1MHz, step-down DC/DC con-
verter designed to operate as a three-
channel, constant current LED driver.
Each channel of the LT3597
contains a constant current sink LED
driver with a dedicated adaptive-
output buck converter.
“This design offers maximum effi-
ciency for applications such as RGB
displays, which require different out-
www.tektron
nix.com
Regulated bus converter delivers south pole operated) and dual output
up to 210W output power device the AH1891 provides the de-
Murata Power Solutions has a regu- sign flexibility to suit a variety of low
lated bus converter that delivers up power circuit architectures,” said the
to 210W output power, with a Vin company.
range of 36-75V. When a magnetic flux density is
At 225kHz fixed-frequency opera- detected and exceeds the IC’s operat-
tion, efficiency is specified at 92.5% ing point, output 1 is pulled low
at full load, with Vout regulation while output 2 is inverted high, ena-
(±1.5%) in a quarter brick open frame bling different logic systems to be ac-
package. commodated.
The fully isolated (2250Vdc) RBC- With operating and release points
12/17-D48 is able to accept a range optimized and stable over the tem-
36Vdc to 75Vdc (48V nominal) input. perature range -40ºC to 85ºC, the
This is then converted to a AH1891 is immune to the possibility
12Vdc/17A output. of early or late switching effects.
each. A limited number of IP Suites consumption of only 7μA. troller and controlCARD module.
licenses are available for a promo-
tional first year subscription of only
Provided in an 0.8mm x 0.8mm
CSP package, the IC is some 13 times
Software support includes a graph-
ical user interface, full development
$99 each. smaller than common 3-leaded source code, Code Composer Studio
The Versa package includes the TSOT packaged alternatives and is (CCStudio) integrated development
LatticeECP3 Versa Evaluation Board, significantly smaller than other DFN environment (IDE) and a three-phase
seven demonstration systems, 16 free and SOT553 packaged parts. BLDC motor.
reference designs and an evaluation “Being an omnipolar (north and www.ti.com/motorcontrol-pr
gadget master
MOST POPULAR Welcome to the monthly page featuring the ElectronicsWeekly.com Gadget Master blog,
This month’s most read posts sponsored by Digi-Key. As well covering the most popular posts and highlighting current
competitions, we look at some classic Gadget Master posts from the past.
1 Gadget of the Week –
Acer Aspire Z5761
touchscreen PC
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3 Homemade brushless
motor reed switch motor
Take a look at this
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one, recommends
our Technology COMPETITION
Editor. It’s a motor
with a small alarm > Win a Samsung Blu-Ray player
contact (reed switch). “The switch Time is running out to win a Samsung BD-C5500 Blu-Ray Player WiFi Ready, courtesy of
triggers a transistor which in turn Digi-Key, which sponsors the Gadget Master blog. Features of the Samsung BD-C5500
fires the coil. The switch is sensing include full 1080P high-definition video, Dolby True HD and DTS HD Master Audio, internet
the position of the drum and the four content on your TV such as the BBC iPlayer, support for wireless connectivity, and BD live
magnets. The motor runs on 6 Volts.” (Profile 2.0) and Bonusview. It would set you back £57 on Amazon (RRP £84.99).
As always, we’ll keep the format familiar and straightforward: correctly answer one question for a chance of winning the
a happy one,
but many CLASSIC PROJECTS
off-the-shelf
surveillance > GM Classic: Do you want to build your own laser harp?
cameras are Stephen Hobley has invented one and has shared his workings online. It certainly looks impressive. Hobley says the harp is
too expensive driven by an Arduino (Boarduino variation) and connected to the impOSCar VSTi software synthesiser, with a TAOS sensor
or simply array sitting on the floor in its own stand. The array above the harp is just made up of front surface mirrors for “added p’zazz”.
impractical for home use. That’s why The harp does respond to hand distance from the sensor, but that can sometimes go awry, he writes, so he switched it off
designer Alberto Ricci Bitti created for the demo version. Hobley says the Arduino board supported all the key elements required for the harp: SPI interface, to
an automated and inexpensive connect to a DAC chip; timer interrupts, to control the signal pattern we must output; hardware interrupt pins, to react to
surveillance camera that uses a flash signals coming back in from a sensor; serial output, to transmit the MIDI messages to the synthesiser; easy to program
card as recording media. using the WIRING/C++ language; good community support; and inexpensive! You can read the datasheet and see example
code, but watch the video first! Please note he does charge $19 to download the full Laser Harp plans and schematics.
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