Geometry Theorems

1-1: If two lines intersect, then they intersect in exactly one point.
1-2: Through a line and a point not in the line there is exactly one plane.
1-3: If two lines intersect, then exactly one plane contains them.

2-1: Midpoint Theorem: If M is midpoint of AB, then AM= 1/2AB

2-2: Angle Bisector Theorem: angles formed by bisector = 1/2 original
2-3: Vertical Angles are congruent
2-4: If two lines are perpendicular, then they form congruent adjacent angles
2-5: If two lines form congruent adjacent angles, they are perpendicular
2-6: If exterior sides of two adjacent acute angles are per., then angles are complementary
2-7: If two angles are supplement of congruent angles, these angles are congruent
2-8: If two angles are complement of congruent angles, these angles are congruent

3-1 If two parallel plans are cut by a third plane, the lines of intersection are parallel
3-2 Parallel lines => Alt interior angles congruency
3-3 Parallel lines => Supplementary Same-side interior angles
3-4 A line perpendicular to a line is perpendicular to every parallel line
3-5 Alt interior angles congruency => Parallel lines
3-6: Supplementary Same-side interior angles => Parallel lines
3-7: Two lines perpendicular to same line are parallel
3-10: Two lines parallel to a third are parallel
3-11: Triangle Angle Measure Sum = 180
- Each angle measure in an equiangular triangle is 60
- If two angle of a triangle are congruent to that of a second, the third angles are too
- Acute angles of right triangle are complementary
- A triangle can only have one right or obtuse angle
3-12: Measure of exterior angle equals sum of interior angle measures
3-13: Convex polygon angle measure sum = (n-2) 180
3-14: sum of exterior angle in polygon is 360

4-1: ITT: Congruent sides of a triangle imply correspondingly congruent angles

CITT: Congruent angles of a triangle imply correspondingly congruent sides
4-2: AAS: If two angles and a non-included side are congruent in two triangles- they are
- Postulates: SAS, ASA, SSS
4-4: HL Theorem: If hypotenuse and leg are congruent, then triangles are congruent
4-5: If a point lies on the perpendicular bisector, then it lies equidistant from endpoints
4-6: If a point lies equidistant from endpoints, then it lies on the perpendicular bisector
4-7: If a point lies on the bisector of an angle, then it is equidistant from sides of angle
4-8: If a point lies equidistant from sides of angle, then it is on the bisector of an angle

5-1: Opposite sides of parallelograms are congruent

5-2: Opposite sides of angles are congruent
5-3: Diagonals of parallelogram bisect each other

Ways to prove parallelogram:

- Congruent, parallel sides
- Two pairs of opposite congruent sides
- Opposite angles congruency
- Diagonals bisect each other
5-8: All perpendicular lines between to parallel lines are congruent
5-9: If three parallel lines cut form congruent segments, they do for every transversal
5-10: A line that passes through the midpoint of one side and parallel to second passes
through midpoint of third.
5-11: Segment that joins midpoints of triangle: parallel to third, half as long ad third
5-12: Diagonals of rectangle are congruent
5-13: Diagonals of rhombus are perpendicular
5-14: Each diagonal of a rhombus bisects two angles of the rhombus
5-15: Midpoint of hypotenuse of right triangle is equidistant from vertices
5-16: If a parallelogram has a right angle, then it is a rectangle
5-17: If two consecutive sides are congruent in a parallelogram, then it is a rhombus
5-18: Base angles of an isosceles trapezoid are congruent
5-19: Median of Trapezoid: Parallel to bases, average length of bases

6-1: The exterior angle theorem: the measure of an exterior angle of a triangle is greater
than the measure of either remote interior angle
6-2: If one side of a triangle of a triangle is longer than a second side, then corresponding
angles are too
6-3: If one angle of a triangle is larger than a second, then corresponding sides are
- Perpendicular segment from a point to a line is the shortest segment
6-4: The sum of the lengths of two sides of a triangle is greater than the third
6-5: SAS inequality: If two sides of two triangles are congruent the included angle isn’t,
then the corresponding side isn’t congruent
6-6: SSS inequality: If two sides of a triangle are congruent, but the third side isn’t then
corresponding angles aren’t

7-1 SAS similarity: When two angles are congruent and two pairs of corresponding sides
are proportionate, then the triangles are similar.
7-2: SSS similarity: If the sides of two triangles are in proportion, they are similar.
7-3: Triangle Proportionality: If a line parallel to one side intersects the other two, it
divides those sides proportionally.
7-4: Triangle Angle-Bisector Theorem: If a ray bisects an angle of a triangle, then it
divides the side opposite in proportion to the two adjacent sides.

8-1: If the altitude to the hypotenuse of a right triangle is drawn, two triangles are formed
proportion to the original one.
8-2: The square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the leg
8-3: Converse Pythagorean theorem
8-4: If the square of the hypotenuse is less than the squares of the other two sides, then
the triangle is acute
8-5: If the square of the hypotenuse is greater than the squares of the other two sides, then
the triangle is obtuse.
8-6: The hypotenuse of an isosceles right triangle is equal to a leg multiplied by root 2.
8-7: 30-60-90: hypotenus = 2a, short leg = a, long leg = root 3 x a

9-1: A line is tangent to a circle if and only if it is perpendicular at the point of tangency.
9-3: In the same circle or congruent circles, arcs are congruent if and only if their central
angles are.
9-4: Arcs are congruent if and only if their chords are.
9-5: A diameter perpendicular to a chord bisects the chord and arc.
9-6: Chords are congruent if and only if they are equidistant from the center,
9-7: The measure of an inscribed angle is equal to half the measure of the intercepted arc.
9-8: The measure of and angle formed by a chord and tangent is equal to half the measure
of the intercepted arc.
9-9:The measure of an arc formed by two chords that intersect inside a circle is equal to
half the sum of the measures of the intercepted arcs.
9-10: the measure of an angle formed by two secants, two tangents, or secant-tangent is
equal to half the difference of the intercepted arcs.
9-11: When two chords intersect inside a circle, the product of the segments of one chord
equals the product of the other segments.
9-12: When two secant segments are drawn to a circle from an external point, the product
of one secant and its external segment equals the product of the other secant and its
external segment.
9-13: When a secant segment and a tangent segment are drawn to a circle form an
external point, the tangent squared equals the product of the secant and its external
segment.

11-1: Area of rectangle/ Area of Parallelogram = Base x Height

11-3: Area of triangle = ½ Base x Height
11-4: Are of rhombus = ½ diagonal x diagonal
11-5: Area of Trapezoid = Base Average/Median x Height
11-6: Area of regular polygon = Apothem x ½ Perimeter
11-7: Scale factor is a:b, area a squared: b squared, perimeter is a:b

12-1: Lateral area of right prism = Permimeter x Height

12-2: Volume of right prism = Base x Height
12-3: Lateral area of regular pyramid = ½ perimeter x slant height
12-4: Volume of Pyramid = 1/3 base x height
12-5: Lateral area of a cylinder = circumfrence x height
12-6: Volume of a Cylinder = Base Area x Height
12-7: Lateral are of Cone = ½ circumfrence x slant height
12-8: Volume of a cone = 1/3 base area x height
12-9: Area of a sphere = 4 pi (radius squared)
12-10: Volume of sphere = 4/3 pi (radius cubed)