Response To Fourth Generation WareFare

Building Responses to 4th Generation Warfare
Written by Farzana Shah

Friday, 16 April 2010 02:38 - Last Updated Wednesday, 21 April 2010 10:28
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Building Response to 4GW
(4th Generation warfare)
By Farzana Shah
1 / 12

“The weak and the defenseless in this world invite aggression from others. The best way we can
serve peace is by removing the temptation from the path of those who think we are weak and,
for that reason, they can bully or attack us. That temptation can only be removed if we make
ourselves so strong that nobody dare entertain any aggressive designs against us.” (Quaid e
Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, 1948)
Keeping above statement of founding father in view, Pakistan kept on building its defenses for
decades. After 1971, these preparations got a renewed momentum. New defense industry was
established to acquire self-reliance in defense but all these preparations proved inadequate in
recent war against terrorism.
The more security forces advancing into militant strongholds in FATA the more Pakistani urban
centers are becoming victims of terrorism. Recent violence in Karachi and Lahore is biggest
example. Though overall security situation is improving but there is no logical end in sight of this
complex war against terror in Pakistan.
At beginning it was believed that this is just an insurgency stemmed as a renegade against
state policy of allying with US in GWOT (Global War on Terror) but with passage of time it
became clear that it is not just armed insurgencies that are undermining Pakistan’s national
security but a direct foreign meddling is a bigger bone of contention, in almost all state affairs
ranging from media to education, economics to foreign policy.
From a larger perspective Pakistan is facing biggest challenges and threats from within from
different terrorist outfits and insurgencies for different reasons but at minute level all these
challenges are interconnected and through recent revelations during military operations in FATA
and Swat it has become evident that almost all the major security challenges the state is facing
today on various fronts are strongly bonded with each other tightly and elements involved in
every challenge can merely be traced connected with each other and this is the fundamental
feature of something known as “Fourth Generation Warfare” or 4GWs.
2 / 12

Intro to 4GWs (4th Generation warfare)
Like said above heterogeneous and distributed nature of current complex geo-strategic
security challenges Pakistan is facing are a proposition of 4th generation warfare waged by
various hostile and “allies” in pursuit of their own greater gains in the region. Before discussing
these greater gains of various regional and international players it would be prudent to inspect
what 4th generation is all about?
In simplistic terms, 4th generation warfare is a moral and physiological conflict among many
countries or communities using distributed, non-state and violent elements from within enemy
state. Creating mistrust among enemy communities and propagating uncertainty among enemy
nations are other goals of any 4th generation endeavor. By gaining higher moral ground any
state can get all the political help and sympathy in an actual conflict. 4th generation warfare is
very different from an actual armed conflict as its entirely based on asymmetrical warfare and
tactics and the major front is physiological not physical as in a real conflict. Putting in altogether
it can be said that national cohesion becomes a primary target of such warfare model.
Importance of destroying national unity and creating mistrust becomes more relevant when
enemy is an ideological state like Pakistan.
At tactical level various tactics and elements are employed to get these goals like rare area
operations means supporting armed insurgencies and terrorism on the one hand and centrifugal
forces in enemy’s political system, media and civil society on the other. The latter group of
elements highlights (Subjectively analyses) the actions of former (terrorism) in order to launch
Psychological operations against enemy nation to demoralize the enemy society. Economic
manipulation, whenever possible, can serve as an extra tool in this kind of warfare. Recently
Globalization has been used as a tool to manipulate the market accesses by more industrialized
nations that can potentially undermine economic interests of developing nations. Fragile
economic conditions in enemy state have always been proved conducive in 4th generation
warfare as it makes it much easier to manipulate allegiance of masses with national fervor.
Tracing 4GW in Pakistan Pakistan is facing covert security challenges from multiple
hostile entities these includes states, groups, powerful lobbies, media outlets etc. Traditionally
Pakistan’s overt and covert defense has remained India centric. As geographically India is
located in East of Pakistan so mainly focus also remained in Punjab and Sindh, the two
provinces bordering India. Due to this fact it proved easier for many criminal groups to stay out
of radar for a long period of time while operating in Pakistan’s Northern Province. India got
3 / 12

opportunity to put his feet in Afghanistan and launch rare area operations against Pakistan from
there. India after entering into Afghanistan started work on recruit and train ad-hoc warriors into
Pakistan to fight an Indian proxy war against Pakistani state and military.
Players
In order to trace 4GW tactics and elements in Pakistan and their foreign supporters studying
ongoing counter insurgency operations, violent non-state actors (VNSAs) involved in these
insurgencies, foreign support these elements are getting and political developments in the
country are very important.
Main actors of 4GW against Pakistan are paid insurgent groups in northwestern parts and in
Baluchistan. These paid insurgents have been joined by the local extremists and separatist
elements from these areas. Recent revelations have proved it beyond doubt that these terrorist
groups are receiving financial and tactical help from Indian consulates on Afghan soil despite
presence of US in Afghanistan to whom Pakistan is a major non NATO ally since last 9 years.
This is where US involvement in ongoing 4th generation offensive becomes disturbing and
malicious.
Till very recently it was believed that US was just turning a blind eye to Indian activities in
Afghanistan against Pakistan but now it has become clear that US covert offensive against
Pakistan is much more heinous than envisaged earlier. Elements in US military, intelligence
setup and White House has bought the idea that actual cause for Afghan resistance is Pakistan
so first it must be fixed. A whole new doctrine for Pakistan was devised under the name of
Af-Pak declaring Pakistan a battle field along with Afghanistan.
Actually this absurd theory was originally sold to US administration during Bush era by Indian
lobby in Washington. Indians also pushed the idea to know how to handle Pakistan better.
Though earlier US allowed India to play a greater role in Afghanistan. But Indians had their own
plans in Afghanistan about Pakistan. Pakistan did protest to US on allowing India a freehand but
it seems that Indian lobby in Washington was too strong to undo US reliance on India on
Af-Pak. Both India and US have their own targets in the region and both are using their tactics
accordingly on all axis. If Indian sponsored insurgents are active in FATA, US sponsored
elements are sitting right in the higher echelons of government. For US it is far easier to
maneuver Pakistan’s political landscape.
Tactics
Pakistan is confronting two pronged 4th generation attacks both from India and US. Both
countries have issues with Pakistan’s foreign policy. For India, Pakistan’s stance on Kashmir is
something needs to be changed in foreign policy. For US, Pakistan must oblige to US foreign
4 / 12

policy strategic objective where India has a greater role in the region to counterweight China.
Over lapping and commonality in foreign policy interests, with regard to Pakistan, of both
countries is unprecedented. This is major driver behind combined efforts to “fix” Pakistan. The
only difference between both countries’ approaches is tactics being employed against Pakistan.
Indian tactics revolves around declaring Pakistan as a non functional and terrorist state through
supporting TTP from Afghanistan and more recently through manipulating agriculture in
Pakistan by blocking water flows in Pakistani rivers.
Above: TTP is prime 4th generation warfare force engaging Pakistani state and military inside
Pakistani border.
Fourth generation warfare revolves around the idea of creating a complete political paralysis in
enemy state or in area of operation. Atrocities committed by the TTP in FATA and Swat are a
clear proof of this fact. First target of TTP in both areas was political figures of the area and this
awful practice created an environment of fear and hopelessness among local masses. Absence
of political leadership created an atmosphere of lawlessness and chaos giving TTP free hand to
recruit, train and arm locals against state by imposing its own ideology and political views on
people due to fear. Recent disclosure has made it clear that TTP is biggest ad-hoc warrior
group in Pakistan serving its foreign sponsors as well as carrying out its local agenda and
self-styled Islamic ideology.
5 / 12

US covert activities in Pakistan have surfaced in media recently clearly indicating that Pakistan
and US are bound together through compulsion of circumstances. In reality certain US citizens
don’t even bother to follow regulations implemented under Pakistani laws. Not only this, same
US nationals have threaten Pakistani citizen more than once. Though very disturbing for
Pakistani masses but these events look smaller if one looks at what powerful lobbies in US
administration are trying to do in Pakistan on other axis of this war.
AXIS OF WAR
Pakistan is facing attacks of 4th generation warfare ad-hoc warriors supported directly by Indian
RAW and indirectly by US/NATO forces in Afghanistan and local Pakistani elements. These
ad-hoc warriors are just one dimension of this complex armed duel between state and these
non-state actors. Other dimensions include propaganda waged against Pakistan and its nuclear
program in particular, economic manipulation by US in war on terror to pressurize Pakistan and
by India through its water policy in Kashmir.
Geostrategic / Military Axis

Establishing strategic hegemony in South Asia is primeval Indian dream. Pakistan is not only a
major military rival of India but is major obstacle in fulfilling this dream. To remove this obstacle
Indian establishment is working since independence. India got major break through in her policy
in 1971 with secession of East Pakistan. India played primary role in this secession. Further
dismemberment of remaining Pakistan into smaller states on ethnic lines is something India is
trying to do since decades.
After 9/11 in form of USA, India found a natural ally in pursuing this sinister agenda against
Pakistan. With US complicity India launched high intensity proxy war against Pakistani state in
northwestern areas and FATA from Afghanistan. Indian consulates in all major towns along
Pakistani border in Afghanistan are funding and supporting this insurgency since 2005. India
wants to accomplish multiple strategic goals through this insurgency;
1. To bring Pakistan to its knees by declaring Pakistan as a failed state.
2. Building a case against Pakistan being a failed state with nuclear arms which can fell into
“wrong” hands.
3. Once declared a failed state Pakistan will be denuclearized by international community
under various global agreements.
6 / 12

To get Pakistan denuclearized is first step of bigger strategic Indian plan. Next Phase is to
invade Pakistan physically which is not possible under a nuclear hangover right now.
Denuclearization of Pakistan is a common agenda between American and Indian foreign polices
for Pakistan. This is the reason why strong lobbies in US state and defense departments bought
Indian plan on Pakistan to denuclearize Pakistan after declaring it failed state unable to protect
its nuclear arsenal.
Above: Large cache of Indian ammunition has been recovered during Pakistan military
operations in FATA and Swat further proving Indian 4GW.
Recent military operations by Pakistan army in FATA and Swat have thwarted first phase of this
Indian game plan for now. But Due to lack of governance and administrative measures in
insurgency hit areas the threat of resurrection of this insurgency is far from over.
7 / 12

After sensing losing massive investment on its 4GW warriors in Pakistan India launched
massive diplomatic offensive to declare Pakistan army and intelligence agencies as terrorist
organizations in UNO after 26/11 incident. Interestingly legal proceedings and investigations of
this incident is still continues but Indian government was very eager to get ISI involved into this
act.
Under the pretext of 26/11, Indian top military brass has made its intentions clear about peace
and security in the region. Indian officials time and again said India is ready to launch a full
scale intense but small war on Pakistan another Mumbai style attack happened. This stance by
Indian leadership is itself a threatening development for regional peace. Indian announcements
of execution of Cold Start strategy are a grave concern for Pakistan’s security.
Giving statements like these is one aspect of Indian strategy while on the other hand Indians
are smartly playing as messenger of peace in the world while putting blame on Pakistan for
every terrorist activity in India. Pakistan army has recovered Indian weapons and ammunition
but Islamabad failed to build a case against its arch rival for supporting insurgencies and
terrorism in Pakistan.
Geopolitical Axis
Indian foreign policy and diplomacy is another indicator that India is now aggressively working
on isolating Pakistan in international community on the pretext of being unable to apprehend the
terrorists involved in Mumbai terrorists attacks. So far Indian efforts have been pretty successful
thanks to defensive and apologetic Pakistani stance right from the beginning.
First the Indians brought the matter to UN without completing investigations and its own legal
proceedings about Mumbai attacks now in the second phase Indian foreign office is
approaching capitals in the region where Pakistani lobby has been considered stronger
traditionally. Recent visit of Indian premier to Saudi Arabia is one such example where matter of
terrorism from Pakistani soil was also taken up by India. The reaction of concerned departments
of Saudi Arabia must be a quick reminder to Pakistani foreign office that Indian efforts are very
advance to isolate Pakistan internationally.
Pakistani stance in UN on the Indian dossier was very fragile and caused great deal of
embarrassment to the nation and helped the Indian cause to portray Pakistan as hub of
terrorists. Even the retired military officials were nominated in the resolution to be declared as
terrorists.
8 / 12

An isolated and morally weak Pakistan will be much easier to attack or fight in an actual conflict.
Recent Shift in Indian military doctrine is a clear indicator of that as well.
To defame Pakistan, Indians have internationalized Mumbai attack but never accepted
Pakistani assistance in investigations. The case of Samjotha Express has been buried under
the dust of time as it implicated Indian religious fundamentalists in terror but Mumbai remained
open just to defame Pakistan.
US covert operations against Iran from Afghanistan also played main role in destabilizing
Pak-Iran relations. CIA formed Jundullah to launch low scale insurgency in Iranian Baluchistan
(Sistan- Baluchistan). This insurgent group with help and on directions from CIA carried out
multiple suicide attacks in Iranian Eastern province bordering Pakistan. As a result not only
relationship between two brotherly countries turned sour but sectarian violence also erupted in
Pakistan.
Geo-economic Axis
India is trying to manipulate Pakistan’s economy through its water aggression against Pakistan.
Natural landscape and geography of subcontinent has provided India with an opportunity to
India to openly work for blocking Pakistan’s water from Indus Basin Rivers (Chenab, Jehlum
and Indus) which were allocated to Pakistan in IWT 1960. Pakistani concerned authorities
already have assessed that by 2014 India can stop water to Pakistani fertile land for a
considerably long period of time to prevent sowing crops in time.
The so-called peace initiatives between the two countries till this date have failed to address
Pakistanis on this sensitive but important issue while India kept on building dams in Kashmir on
Pakistani rivers to bring Pakistan on its knees by destroying its agriculture.
9 / 12

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10 / 12

Propaganda
and Above
The
Malegaon
serving
Kashmir
over
has
Along
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individuals
convict
used
particularly
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forums
against
Recently,
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terror.
defame
despite
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All
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goals
terrorists
politicians
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Pakistan
In
Indian
a
14.
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unleash
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is
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portray
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part
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itPakistan
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of
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end
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by
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to
Into
ItThe
into
for
is
11 / 12

Conclusion
As
one
US
theAbove:
under
failed
well
at
encouraging
government
measures
For
foreign
policy
who
overhaul
relationships
very
Afghan
an
Afghanistan.
dynamics
Indian
Desperate
Internal
regard.
in
are
challenges
improvement.
socio-economic
insurgencies
manipulate
Pakistan
The
breeds
right
against
corruption
harshest
the
a-aggressive
4GW
ally
map
bad
some
the
national
critical
depending
system
exploited
visible
choice

to
past
of
Taliban
interests
policy
terrorism,
in
It
last
policy
the
conflicts
governance,
counter
above,
Pakistan
comprises
in
todays
means.
is
massive
the
in
are
and
One
times
throughout
Corruption
crossroads
is
foreign
local
4thGW
red
Judicial
a
5would
and
that
institute.
results
It
between
will
that
proven
years
region.
adopted
need
Unless
imperative
control.
internal
and
terrorism
islines
of
upon
and
one
challenges
face
the
propaganda
always
masses
country.
to
keep
calls
If
absolutely
violence
all
has
many
be
challenges
pro-active
policy
itcan
convert
to
of
Pakistani
collapse
so
assets
government
can
which
the
takes
hopelessness,
fact
multiple
two
the
to
As
for
be
multiple
Pakistan
Unfortunately,
only
conflicts
the
prevailing
by
in
far
be
info
change
have
are
related
see
4GW
for
fighting
in
desperate
overhauled.
government
is
Indians
that
most
Musharraf
country,
and
in
assured.
that
served
Pakistani
in
these
in
areas
more
critical
met
their
graphics
to
Swat
areas
warfare
policy
nation
factors,
Afghanistan
some
unchecked
backward
the
axis
social
is
critical
of
much
put
and
social
and
as
with
have
evolving
4GW
have
than
own
military
Pakistan
hit
country
and
the
ever
that
fear
like
and
poor
maker
Aroot
measures.
comity
state
and
regime
replace
state
by
due
anarchy.
zero
to
by
created
both
From
takes
cancers
political,
interests.
interests
failed
necessary
and
FATA
exploited
terrorists.
Chitral,
Pakistan
of
asymmetrical
increasing
clean
insurgency
parts
Western
causes
state
socio-economics
gains
to
foreign
failures
is
phenomenon
God
to
tolerance,
and
conventional
in
at
economical
of
being
and
absence
some
facing
to
the
end
Afghanistan.
but
international
nations.
to
of
the
both
If
which
judicial
nation
address
into
Shangla,
into
ofas
pursued
alarm
the
system
controls
funding
Although
itthe
to
media.
and
mess,
a
foreign
concrete
poverty,
must
right
the
well
have
and
permanent
passive
bring
country,
present
environment
are
even
military
of
warfare
will
social
It
and
world
indicators
hearts
these
aand
so
now.
counter-
as
is
before
be
then
Kohistan
feeding
suffered
of
by
the
never
powers
clear
an
always
The
high
level
ifmilitary
economic
its
well
ethnic
steps
understood
some
player,
current
that
Pakistan
system
disintegration.
about
end
axis
the
internal
Most
let
solution
two
so
ofcrisis
peace
media
time
aas
to
cross
itterrorists.
means
threat
its
insurgency
the
to
complete
are
or
of
long
in
religious
due
made
issues.
and
intolerance,
defame
be.
operations
non-conventional.
worrying
TTP
Pakistan
ongoing
solution
government.
order
4GW
hostile
cannot
for
in
4th
system
as
not
is
while
some
policy
to
must
enough.
D.I
Pakistan
of
Pakistan
by
not
taking
adopting
well
itGW
weak
showing
resurrection
The
against
to
easier
Khan
Pakistan.
the
schools
and
Lack
nations
fighting
an
deliver,
be
desperate
aspect
can
Pakistani
overcome
master
operations.
as
now
is
against
have
corruption
civilian
corruption
over
and
exception
out
required
It’s
total
security
never
enters
not
of
for
to
This
desperate
needs
Pakistan.
any
of
time
fragile
(Madrasas)
justice
shown
like
draw
of
terrorism
perhaps
Pakistan.
slave
enemies
come
A
victory
the
Pakistan
box
all
foreign
media
of
remained
major
India
from
to
where
to
similar
State.
these
some
feeds
in
etc.
as
nail
very
from
be
this
and
the
as
to
Inis
12 / 12

Response To Fourth Generation WareFare

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Response To Fourth Generation WareFare

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Building Responses to 4th Generation Warfare

Written by Farzana Shah

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Artical Material: For public distribution or circulation.

Building Response to 4GW

(4th Generation warfare)

Written by Farzana Shah

Written by Farzana Shah

Intro to 4GWs (4th Generation warfare)

Written by Farzana Shah

Written by Farzana Shah

Written by Farzana Shah

Geostrategic / Military Axis

Written by Farzana Shah

Written by Farzana Shah

Written by Farzana Shah

Written by Farzana Shah

Written by Farzana Shah

Written by Farzana Shah

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