Nuclear Power

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Content
The discovery of nuclear reactions need not bring about
the destruction of mankind any more than the discovery of matches

What is Nuclear Power?

History

The Reactor

Nuclear Stations

Benefits & Disadvantage

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What is nuclear power?
„ Nuclear power is any nuclear
technology designed to extract usable
energy from atomic nuclei via
controlled nuclear
„ The process of generation nuclear power starts with the
mining and processing of uranium and other radioactive
elements. These elements are used to feed the reactor
of a nuclear power plant, generating a reaction known
as fission which creates intense heat, turning water in
the plant into steam. The steam powers steam turbines,
which generate electricity and feed the electricity into
the electrical grid.

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Fossil fuels

Uranium Plutonium
235 239

Basic
fossil
fuels

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Uranium

Name, symbol, number Uranium, U, 92

Element category actinide

Phase solid

Density 19.1 g / cm 3

Melting point 1132,3 oC

Boiling point 4131 oC

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Plutonium

Name, symbol, number Plutonium, Pu, 94

Element category actinide

Phase solid

Density 19.816 g / cm 3

Melting point 639,4 oC

Boiling point 3228 oC

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History
Origins

Nuclear fission was first experimentally achieved by Enrico Fermi

in 1934 when his team bombarded uranium with neutrons.

Early years
On June 27, 1954, the USSR's Obninsk Nuclear Power Plant
became the world's first nuclear power plant to generate
electricity for a power grid.

Developement
Installed nuclear capacity initially rose relatively quickly, rising
from less than 1 gigawatt (GW) in 1960 to 100 GW in the late
1970s, and 300 GW in the late 1980s.

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Nuclear power capacity
Capacity in GW

Year 1980
130

Year 1990 310

Years 2000
350
Year 2010
380

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Number of power reactors
2005

1995
420

1980 410 1. Pressurized Water Reactor - 265

US, France, Japan, Russia, China

1960
250 2. Boiling Water Reactor - 94
Us, Japan, Sweden

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Power reactors

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Pressurized Water Reactor

PWRs keep water under

pressure so that it
heats, but does not boil.
Water from the reactor
and the water in the
steam generator that is
turned into steam never
mix. In this way, most of
the radioactivity stays in
the reactor area.

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Pressurized Water Reactor

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Boiling Water Reactor

BWRs actually boil the

water. In both types,
water is converted to
steam, and then
recycled back into water
by a part called the
condenser, to be used
again in the heat
process..

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Boiling Water Reactor

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Nuclear Power Stations
There are 17 Nuclear Power Stations in Germany
Companys: E-On , RWE, EnBW

in MW
1475 1480
A. Isar 2 1986 - 2021

840
B. Brokdorf 1988 - 2020
806

C. Neckarwestheim 1976 - 2010

D. Brunsbüttel 1977 - 2011

A B C D

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Nuclear Stations Worldwide

Op.104 Op. 59 Op. 55

off 29 off 11 off 3

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The reactor

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The turbine

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Benefits & Disadvantage

• Greenhouse Emissions • Radiation

1. • don’t release CO2 1. • human health
• Price • Reactor accidents
2. • cheap to produce 2.
• prices are stable
• Uranium is plentiful • Radioactive waste
3. • U-235 3. • isolation
• U-238
• Nuclear energy is safe
4. • 1 or 2 death per year
• Efficacy 99%
5. • alternative 10-20%
• The future
6. • new technology, safer and cheaper

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