TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

ABSTRACT LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

iii vi viii ix

INTRODUCTION 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 General Objective of the project Scope of the project Block diagram of the project Methodology Literature survey

1 1 1 2 2 3 3 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 9 12

VOLTAGE SOURCE INVERTERS (VSI) 2.1 2.2 2.3 General Principle of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Basic PWM Techniques 2.3.1 Single Pulse Width Modulation 2.3.2 Multiple Pulse Width Modulation 2.3.3 Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation 2.4 Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) 2.4.1 Advantages 2.4.2 Concept of SVPWM 2.5 Implementation of SVPWM 2.5.1 Space transformation and Space Vector 2.5.2 SVPWM Algorithm

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SVPWM APPLIED TO THE INVERTERS 3.1 3.2 SVPWM applied to the 3-Leg Inverter Gating signals generation of 3-Leg Inverter 3.2.1 Determination of time durations T1, T2, T0 3.2.2 Determination of switching times of each switch

13 13 15 16 17 20 20 22 22 24

SVPWM APPLIED TO THE 2-LEG INVERTERS 4.1 4.2 SVPWM applied to the 2-leg inverters Gating signals generation for 2-leg inverters 4.2.1 Determination of time durations T1, T2, T0 4.2.2 Determination of switching times of each switch 4.3 SVPWM applied to the 2-leg inverter under dc-link voltage ripple conditions 4.3.1 Proposed SV_ PWM method

26 29 33 33 36 37 38 40 43

SIMULATION MODEL AND RESULTS 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 SVM for 3-leg inverters Gate pulse 2-leg inverters Multiple Pulse PWM for 2-leg inverters Sine PWM for 2-leg inverters Space Vector PWM for 2-leg inverters Third Harmonic Injection SVPWM for 2-leg inverters Carrier-based pwm for a four-switch three-phase Inverter under dc-link voltage ripple Conditions inverters

45 49 50

CONCLUSION REFERENCES

LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO. 1.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 TITLE Block diagram of the project Circuit Model of A Single Phase Inverter Pulse Width Modulation Output Line Voltages in Time Domain The Relationship Of abc Reference Frame and Stationary d-q Reference 2.5 Frame 9 PAGE NO. 2 5 6 9

Three-phase coordinate vectors and Space vector V (t). Vd, Vq, Vref and Angle () 10 11 13 15 16 17 18 20 22 25 26

2.6 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5

Voltage Space Vector and its components in (d, q) Circuit diagram when switches 6, 1, 2 are conducting Output voltage vector in the d-q plane Reference vector as a combination of adjacent vectors Conduction state of switches for all sectors Space Vector PWM switching patterns at each sector. Two leg inverter Space voltage vectors in a 4S3P inverter Space Vector PWM switching patterns at each sector. 4S3P inverter topology Space voltage vectors in a 4S3P inverter in two cases

(a)Balanced dc-link voltages (b)Unbalanced dc-link voltages28 4.6 Space-vector modulation and carrier-based PWM in sector1 (a) Timing of gate pulse of space vector PWM. (b) Timing of gate pulse of carrierbased PWM 4.7 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Control block diagram of proposed method. Simulation Diagram of SVM 3leg inverter Time durations T1, T2, T0 Switching Times Phase voltages 30 31 33 33 34 34

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5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 5.19 5.20 5.21 5.22 5.23 5.24 5.25 5.26 5.27 5.28 5.29 5.30 5.31 5.32

Line Voltages FFT Analysis Simulation Diagram of Gate pulse 2leg Inverter Line currents Line Voltages Speed Torque Characteristics

34 35 36 36 36 37

Simulation Diagram of Multiple pulse PWM 2 leg Inverter 37 Line voltages Simulation Diagram of Sine PWM 2 leg Inverter Line voltages Speed& Torque Characteristics FFT Analysis Simulation of Space Vector Modulation 2 leg Inverter Angle & Sector Time Durations T1,T2,T0 Switching Times Line Voltages FFT Analysis 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 41 42 42

Circuit of SVM Third Harmonic Injection in 2leg Inverter 43 Third Harmonic Injection to Switching Times Resultant Switching Times Line voltages Stator & Rotor Currents Speed & Torque Characteristics Simulation of SVM Carrier Based PWM 2 leg Inverter Time Durations Line Voltages Speed Torque Characteristics 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47

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LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO. 3.1 3.2 TITLE Vectors and Switching Combinations Magnitude and angles for corresponding Vectors of two-level inverter 3.3 3.4 3.5 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 5.1 14 PAGE NO. 13

Range of angles for different sectors of two-level inverter 15 Switching time durations of all sectors for two-level inverter17 Switching Time Table at Each Sector of two-level inverter 19 Vectors and Switching Combinations 20 Three-Phase Voltage Representation Two-phase voltage representation Magnitudes and angles for corresponding vectors Range of angles for different sectors of two-leg inverter Switching time durations of all sectors for 2-leg inverter 21 21 21 22 24

Switching Time Table at Each Sector of two-level inverter 26 Phase-to-zero and phase-to-neutral output voltages Voltage vectors in plane Sectors and selected vectors Induction motors parameters Comparison Table 27 28 29 32 48

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
Vdc f fz m w Tz V_ref Vqs, Vds DC-link voltage Fundamental frequency Switching frequency Modulation index angular frequency Sampling time Reference voltage are the three-Phase supply voltages in d-q reference frame, respectively iqs, ids are the three-Phase stator currents in d-q reference frame, respectively Vcontrol Vtri T1,T2,T3 S1, S2,S3,S4,S5,S6 FSTPI SSTPI PWM SVPWM Modulated signal voltage Carrier voltage Angle time durations Power switches Four Switch Three Phase Inverter Six Switch Three Phase Inverter Pulse Width modulation Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation

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