EME 1026 Fluid Mechanics (2011/2012 Tri 1)

Tutorial _ CH 1_Problems Fluid Mass and Weight 1. A tank contains 500 kg of a liquid whose specific gravity is 2. Determine the volume of the liquid in the tank. 2. The density of certain type of jet fuel is 775 kg/m3. Determine its specific gravity and specific weight.

Viscosity 3. Two layers of fluid are dragged along by the motion of an upper plate as shown in the figure below. The bottom plate is stationary. The top plate puts a shear stress on upper plate, and the lower fluid puts a shear stress on the bottom plate. Determine the ratio of these two stresses. (1)

4. A Newtonian fluid having a specific gravity of 0.92 and a kinematic viscosity of 4 x 10 -4 m2/s flows past a fixed surface. Due to the no-slip condition, the velocity at the fixed surface is zero, and the velocity profile near the surface is shown in the figure below. Determine the magnitude and direction of the shearing stress developed on the plate. Express your answer in terms of U and , with U and expressed in units of meters per second and meters respectively. ( 0.552 U/ N/m2)

EME 1026 Fluid Mechanics (2011/2012 Tri 1)

Surface Tension 5. A 12 mm diameter jet of water discharges vertically into the atmosphere. Due to surface tension the pressure inside the jet will be slightly higher than the surrounding atmospheric pressure. Determine the difference in pressure. ( 12.2 Pa) 6. An open, clean glass tube, having a diameter of 3 mm, is inserted vertically into a dish of mercury at 20C. How far will the column of mercury in the tube be depressed? (3 mm)

Manometry and Hydrostatic Force 7. Develop an expression for the pressure variation in a liquid in which the specific weight increases with depth, h as = Kh + o where K is a constant and o is the specific weight at the free surface. 8. A closed cylindrical tank filled with water has a hemispherical dome and is connected to an inverted piping system as shown in the figure. The liquid in the top part of the piping system has a specific gravity of 0.8, and the remaining parts of the system are filled with water. If the pressure gage reading at A is 60 kPa, determine: (a) the pressure in pipe B, and (b) the pressure head, in mm mercury at the top of the dome (point C). (103 kPa, 230 mm)

9. For the inclined-tube manometer of the figure shown, the pressure in pipe A is 0.6 psi. The fluid in both pipes A and B is water and the gage fluid in the manometer has a specific gravity of 2.6. What is the pressure in pipe B corresponding to the differential reading shown? ( 0.224 psi)

EME 1026 Fluid Mechanics (2011/2012 Tri 1)

10. A homogeneous 4-ft wide, 8-ft long rectangular gate weighing 800 lb is held in place by a horizontal flexible cable as shown in the figure below. Water acts at the gate which is hinged at point A. Friction in the hinge is negligible. Determine the tension in the cable. (1350 lb)

11. A rectangular gate having a width of 5 ft is located in the sloping side of a tank as shown in Figure P2.49. The gate is hinged along its top edge and is held in position by the force P. Friction at the hinge and the weight of the gate can be neglected. Determine the required value of P. (11, 400 lb)

12. An area in the form of an isosceles triangle with a base width of 6 ft and an altitude of 8 ft lies in the plane forming one wall of a tank which contains a liquid having a specific weight of 79.8 lb/ft3. The side slopes upward making an angle of 60 with the horizontal. The base of the triangle is horizontal and the vertex is above the base. Determine the resultant force the fluid exerts on the area when the fluid depth is 20 ft above the base of the triangular area. Show, with the aid of sketch, where the center of pressure is located. (33, 900 lb, 2.49 ft above the base of triangle)

EME 1026 Fluid Mechanics (2011/2012 Tri 1)

13. A 4-m long curved gate is located in the side of a reservoir containing water as shown in the figure below. Determine the magnitude of the horizontal and vertical components of the force of the water on the gate. Will this force pass through point A? Explain. (882, 983 kN, yes)

Buoyancy and Flotation 14. The homogeneous wooden block A of Figure P2.83 is 0.7 m by 0.7 m by 1.3 m and weighs 2.4 kN. The concrete block B (specific weight = 23.6 kN/m3) is suspended from A by means of the slender cable causing A to float in the position indicated. Determine the volume of B. (0.0522 m3)

EME 1026 Fluid Mechanics (2011/2012 Tri 1)

15. As shown in Figure P2.87, an irregularly shaped object weighs 100 lb in air and 64 lb when fully submerged in water. Determine the volume and specific weight of the object. (0.577 ft3, 173 lb/ft3)

Pressure variation with rigid body motion 16. The open U-tube of the figure below is partially filled with a liquid. When the device is accelerated with a horizontal acceleration a, a differential reading h develops between the manometer legs which are spaced at a distance l apart. Determine the relationship between a, l and h. (h= al /g)

17. An open 1-m diameter tank contains water at a depth of 0.7 m when at rest. As the tank is rotated about its vertical axis the center of the fluid surface is depressed. At what angular velocity will the bottom of the tank first be exposed? No water is spilled from the tank. (10.5 rad/s)