AUTHORITARIAN NURSING THEORY

In Partial Fulfillment of the Course Requirement in Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Lyceum-St. Cabrini-College of Nursing

Prepared for: Ms. Syrilla Joan P. Domingo-Valdez Lecturer

Prepared by: Darwin Jay P. Tenorio, Margarette B. Teves Cindylyn B. Sta. Romana, Arvie G. Surio Alyssa Glenna L. Yap S.Y. 2009-2010

TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. Title Page..i II. Table of Contents..ii III. Theorist Background Cindylyn B. Sta. Romana.1 Arvie G. Surio.2 Darwin Jay P. Tenorio..3 Margarette B. Teves.4 Alyssa Glenna L. Yap...5 IV. Metaparadigm...6 V. Concept Authoritarian Nursing Theory...7 Conceptual Framework8 VI. Analysis..9 VII. Application of Authoritarian Nursing Theory...10

CINDYLYN B. STA. ROMANA

You can if you think you canNothing is impossible.

GETTING TO KNOW THE THEORIST

Cindylyn B. Sta. Romana was the youngest daughter of Mr. Joseph and Mrs. Juliet Sta. Romana. She was born on June 03, 1993 in Tanauan City, Batangas. Her mother died when she was in 5th grade so her grandmother and relatives took care of her. She has one brother,Jherome Sta. Romana, presently studying at Lyceum-St. Cabrini. She finish her grade school at Tanauan North Central School, while her high school in Tanauan Institute. As a freshman student, shes one of the achievers of the class and got an award as first place in a swimming event Freshmen level Backstroke. She and her cousins join at Dance Contest at their barangay. And she claimed to herself that dancing makes her happy. At junior year, she trained to be a CAT Officer and got the position Staff 3. At senior year, she also got an award as Squirette of the Year in graduation day. Shes just a simple ordinary girl but has a big dream.

ARVIE G. SURIO
Intelligence is not measured through the things that you achieved, but is measured on how you can prove others youre deserving.

GETTING TO KNOW THE THEORIST

Arvie G. Surio was born the 9th day of June, year 1992 in a room at 147-A St. Christopher 1 Subd., Paciano Rizal, Calamba Laguna. He was the 3rd child of the family and was considered as bunsong lalaki. His parents, Mr. Alexis O. Surio and Mrs. Imelda G. Surio, guide him until he reach the age that he can be mentally independent but physically, not. His siblings, the older ones, taught him everything he needs to know as he entered the school life. He was sent to a Daycare Center in Brgy. Paciano Rizal. His mom focused on teaching him each subject and reviews him as much as possible to pass the first stage of his school. He graduated there with the highest award. He continues his studies at Calamba Adventist Elementary School. He stays there until he finished his elementary course. He received awards not only academically but also in leading students. He entered Rizal College of Laguna to take his secondary course. He discovered so many hidden talents he has inside that he really dont know. He has been the Artist of the Year for 3 years because he really loves art and he gave so much effort for his passion. He was fund of making very unique projects by using recycled or even indigenous materials. He loves debates especially fighting for the rights and the sides of the students. Because of this, he was convinced to run to be the president of the council. Thank goodness, he won. Though he doesnt wish to win, he needs to accept it because his subordinates gave their trust to him. This causes so much stress to him. He handled so many projects. Some needs so much attention and some causes brain damages. Thats why he decided not to accept the offers of his classmates to be the president of the class. Presently, he was taking up Bachelor of Science in Nursing at LyceumSt. Cabrini College of Allied Medicine Incorporated. Its not his passion to take care of sick people, but he knows time will come that hell get used to it. But now, he needs to prioritize his fear of blood. eeeeeeeeeehhh---

MARGARETTE B. TEVES
We think in generalities, but we live in details.

GETTING TO KNOW THE THEORIST

Margarette B. Teves was born the 9th day of January, year 1992 in Cabugao, Bato, Catanduanes. She was the 2nd child and the only girl of the family. Her parents are Mr. Dante Teves and Mrs. Menchie Teves. Her mother is an employee at the Doctor Fackei Hospital in Saudi Arabia. Her father passed away when she was 5 years of age. She was raised by her aunt and started her first study year in School of Praise at the same place. After her fruitful years in that school, she entered Cabugao Integrated School where she spend her 1st year in elementary. But for some reasons, she and her brother transferred in St. Francis of Assisi College in Bagumbayan Taguig, Metro Manila where she continued her studies from Grade 2 until she graduated and received several awards. She studied high school in Catanduanes Colleges. And now studying at Lyceum-St. Cabrini College of Allied Medicine, Inc. She choose nursing because she really loves to treat ill person especially her mother, in return for her sacrifices and love to her daughter.

DARWIN JAY P. TENORIO

Everyday is a gift- thats why its called the present.

GETTING TO KNOW THE THEORIST

Darwin Jay P. Tenorio was born on the 24th day of April 1993 in a room at JP Rizal Hospital in Calamba city, Laguna. He live in Calamba City and he was the oldest among the three siblings. He was sent to a Daycare Center in Crossing Calamba City to study there in the first time. When he goes to elementary, he studied in Jose Rizal Memorial School in Rizal St. Calamba City and continues his high school years in Saint John Colleges at Chipeco Ave. Calamba City and graduated there.

Presently, he was studying Bachelor of Science in Nursing at LyceumSt. Cabrini College of Allied Medicine, Inc. in Sto. Tomas, Batangas.

ALYSSA GLENNA L. YAP

Fall

up seven times and get up eight times

GETTING TO KNOW THE THEORIST

Alyssa Glenna L. Yap was born on the 11th day of May, year 1993. She is the first child of her parents Glen Yap and Ma. Teresa Laurel. She is also the first grandchild and niece of the Laurel and Yap family. She started studying at age 3 because she insisted. Through the support of her family she was able to study even at a young age. It became hard for her parents to find a school that accepts children that are too young to study. But still they did their best and found a school. She finished her first two years in Marybelle Montessori School. There she is consistently on top and was very active in academic and co-curricular activities. She finished her preparatory course in University of Perpetual Help SystemDALTA. She received a number of awards and at the same time was the valedictorian of the class. She also finished her elementary and secondary courses in that university. She is a consistent honor student. She always participates very well in every activity that she may join. She never let opportunities come her way without grabbing it. She is also fond of helping the needy. She loves sharing what she has to others. She often joins in different community outreach programs. Because of this she had received different awards like leadership awards, performing arts awards, community service awards and academic awards. Now she is presently taking Bachelor of Science in Nursing at Lyceum St. Cabrini College of Allied Medicine. Until now she is still doing her best to reach for her dreams. She is a very optimistic person. For her, obstacles are really significant and she sees them as her mentors for her to be a better person. She is never contented, she always dreams to be better. Satisfaction for her is so hard to achieve. That keeps her pushing to reach her goals in life. She never forget to give extra effort even in little things that she need to accomplish. She is a person that always gives her 110% in everything that she does.

METAPARADIGM

As a whole, our metaparadigm shows the true and observable relationship of the four major concepts that we define. In our theory, we state that the environment is one of the major causes of the change on how a nurse treats her patient. Because of this, she couldnt attain her goal as the health provider, her health is also affected because of too much stress and this makes up the whole personality of a person. It is manifested on how nurses assist her patient.

PERSON Refers to all human beings who can be affected by an authoritarian behavior and acts as the protagonist of his life. ENVIRONMENT Includes all factors that affect individuals internally and externally. One of the major factors is the authoritarian behavior of the people around the patient. The nurse with a high level of authority is making the patient feel worse physically and emotionally. HEALTH Health generally addresses the persons state of wellness, which is not constant as it can be affected by authoritarian characteristics of other individuals (nurse). It may be better or worse depending on the level of authoritarian (strictness) a nurse has. NURSING Nursing is any means of assisting individuals to alleviate his/her state of wellness by being at the right level of strictness to implement such rules or give such directions.

ANALYSIS

Simplicity The theory is straightforward and it is practical to use among patients. It must be adequately comprehensive at a level of abstraction to offer direction. The theory is simple, just like other theories should be. Generality The definitions provided by the theorists are broad in scope. They work in such a way that they cover all areas of nursing. It is applicable not only in nursing but also in some other settings. Clarity It is clearly understood and implied. It doesnt contain terms that are not understandable. Every individual can easily understand it. Empirical Precision The concepts are very exact with those empirical references. The theory is based on research and other theories of other theorists that are also proven. Derivable Consequences This theory really has a significant contribution to nursing knowledge. Through the use of this the nurses will now know how a patient should be treated.

AUTHORITARIAN NURSING THEORY

The environment has the biggest role in the attitude of the health provider for it has factors that brings out the authority of the nurse. This being authoritarian is one of the major causes why the nurse couldnt met her goal. Authoritarian Theory is formulated to show that the attitude and the environment really affect the process of treating a patient. This may result in such a way that the other may benefit and the other may not, one might be affected by the mal-practice of the other. But somehow, this theory has advantage because this theory also include the way the nurse should protect the rights of his clients even he didnt mean it. It can be applied not only in nurse-patient relationship but also in all aspects where the strictness of an individual can affect the other which causes the inability to meet the goal of maintaining or improving a persons state of wellness. Authoritarian Authoritarian is the characteristic of a nurse that is being strict and demanding obedience. In this type of nursing, the nurse is using her authority to implement rules and demand obedience from her patient. They are also showing confidence in or expectation of being obeyed. Level of Strictness Level -1 In this level the nurse is actually not caring for the patient. She is really not authoritative. If the patient doesnt want to take her medications, she will just follow. She is not confident of her authority. It is also the reason why her patient is not capable of feeling better. Level 1 In this level the nurse is quite strict, but still sometimes she is not. Here she also established a friendly relationship with her patient thats why she is concerned to her patients health. But because of the closeness they have, sometimes the patient is somewhat fascinating her so she cant take medications. Level 2 In this level the nurse is strict. She is also a good friend to the patient, but in times of taking medications she is a professional. She cares for her patient a lot thats why she wants her to feel better. Here the patient really has a big chance to be well. Level 3 In this level the nurse is too strict which causes her patient to be annoyed at her. The nurse here also doesnt care for the patient. She just wants her task to be done thats why she is very strict to her patients. Here the patient will no longer follow what the nurse says because she is so irritated already with that very strict nurse.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

The farther the nurse from the patient, the less chances of the patients recovery. The nearer the nurse to the patient, the higher chances of the patients recovery. The patients response is not too long which means the level of authority of the nurse affects on how the patient respond on the way the nurse assist him. This also shows that in level 2, the chance of the patient to be well is higher among the other. *Clockwise mode.

APPLICATION OF AUTHORITARIAN NURSING THEORY

SITUATION 1- Level 1 Diane is an 8-year-old sick girl admitted in a hospital in Manila. She was brought to the hospital because of some signs of dengue fever. Nurse Toffer was the one in-charge to look after her and observe Dianes health. Since Diane has dengue like symptoms, he always visits her and tries to convince Diane to drink her medications to get well easily. Sadly, she always refuses and cries before him. Because of this, Nurse Toffer will just play with her instead of motivating Diane to drink her medications. He is afraid because Diane might tell bad things to her parents about him which may cause in losing his job. And he never realizes that this could worsen the situation of his patient. Observably, the Dianes state is not changing after few days of being admitted in the hospital. Her parents were now concerned and panicking because of her health. They were all surprised when they found out that Diane doesnt drink her medications since the day she was admitted. The doctors decided to change the nurse-in-charge to her after knowing what happened.

SITUATION 2- Level 1 Mrs. Gonzales is a 70 year-old brain cancer patient. She has been in the hospital for 3months. There she met nurse Rowena, she is a very responsible nurse for she always complete her tasks well and finish them on time. Nurse Rowena is taking care of Mrs. Gonzales for 2 months. Since she is just a fresh graduate, at first she doesnt know how to handle that case. She became very close with the patient. She really cares much about this patient. Even though many knew that she is a great nurse, in terms of Mrs. Gonzales she is not. She easily fascinates her when she tells stories. Mrs. Gonzales wants to stop the medications done to her because she knows that whatever they do she will still die because of her sickness. She had in mind that making her well is non-sense its just a waste of time, money and effort. In this situation nurse Rowena is a nurse that has level 1 strictness. It is because even though she is strict she is still fascinated by her patient.

APPLICATION OF AUTHORITARIAN NURSING THEORY

SITUATION 3- Level 2 Nurse Jane really takes care to her patient Jon. She never forgets the exact time for Jon to take medications and check-ups. She always consults the food list given by Jons doctor to make sure that his foods were nutritious and applicable to his situation. Jon was a 7-year-old boy who needs special treatment. He was suffering from Urinary Tract Infection and was scheduled for an operation to remove his right kidney. Jon knew everything about his condition and what will happen the next day, he asked Nurse Jane to be his operating room nurse so he will not be afraid, she agreed and promise that she will never fail Jon. On the operating room, while the surgeons were preparing for the operation, Nurse Jane observed that the doctors were not so careful in doing some things that their gloves and gowns were exposed to some parts of their bodies that were not sanitize. She asked them to change their gowns and gloves and redo the proper hand washing to protect Jon even he is unconscious.

SITUATION 4- Level 3 Andrea was a new mom of a boy named Andr. She delivered him through a normal operation. She has her nurse, Althea, to assist her in all her needs. Some of the hospital nurse and administrators tell Andrea that Althea has a very bad attitude and convince her to request for Nurse Antonia because shes the best nurse on that hospital. One day, Andrea asked Nurse Althea to change the diaper of Andr. Only because Althea is having her breakfast, she refuses and continues eating. Instead of assisting Andr after eating, she goes out and has her things fix. When she comes back, she scolds Andrea because she doesnt even try to change the diaper of baby Andr. She changes it in an obnoxious manner and tells Andrea to feed her baby after few minutes. Andrea doesnt follow her command not only because Althea dont prepare the feeding bottle for her baby but also because shes very annoyed to her attitude.