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The information in this document is subject to change without notice and describes only the product defined in the introduction of this documentation. This document is intended for the use of Nokia's customers only for the purposes of the agreement under which the document is submitted, and no part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or means without the prior written permission of Nokia. The document has been prepared to be used by professional and properly trained personnel, and the customer assumes full responsibility when using it. Nokia welcomes customer comments as part of the process of continuous development and improvement of the documentation. The information or statements given in this document concerning the suitability, capacity, or performance of the mentioned hardware or software products cannot be considered binding but shall be defined in the agreement made between Nokia and the customer. However, Nokia has made all reasonable efforts to ensure that the instructions contained in the document are adequate and free of material errors and omissions. Nokia will, if necessary, explain issues which may not be covered by the document. Nokia's liability for any errors in the document is limited to the documentary correction of errors. NOKIA WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE IN ANY EVENT FOR ERRORS IN THIS DOCUMENT OR FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL (INCLUDING MONETARY LOSSES), that might arise from the use of this document or the information in it. This document and the product it describes are considered protected by copyright according to the applicable laws. NOKIA logo is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation. Other product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks of their respective companies, and they are mentioned for identification purposes only. Copyright Nokia Corporation 2007. All rights reserved.
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# Nokia Corporation
Contents
Contents
Contents 3 List of tables 4 List of figures 5 Summary of changes 7 1 2 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 4 Overview of Soft Channel Capacity in BSC 9 Requirements for Soft Channel Capacity in BSC 11 Technical description of Soft Channel Capacity in BSC 13 BSC radio network configuration with Soft Channel Capacity in BSC Radio channel allocation with Soft Channel Capacity in BSC 14 Interworking 16 User interface of Soft Channel Capacity in BSC 23 13
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List of tables Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Maximum number of TCHs per BCSU 13 14
Maximum number of simultaneously active TCHs per BCSU Number of active TCHs depending on the activation type Soft Channel Capacity interworking 17 15
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List of figures
List of figures Figure 1. Figure 2. Example of active traffic channel limits per BCSU Example of cell capacity assurance algorithm 16 14
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Summary of changes
Summary of changes
Changes between document issues are cumulative. Therefore, the latest document issue contains all changes made to previous issues.
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Counters of Soft Channel Capacity measurement and Traffic measurement have been added.
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# Nokia Corporation
With Soft Channel Capacity you can fully utilise the AMR HR application software in the existing networks without deploying more BSCs. With Soft Channel Capacity it is possible to configure all radio traffic time slots to dual rate support.
Related topics in description
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Requirements for Soft Channel Capacity in BSC Technical description of Soft Channel Capacity in BSC User interface of Soft Channel Capacity in BSC
Plan
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Reference . Counters
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1 Traffic Measurement 2 Resource Availability Measurement . 109 Soft Channel Capacity Measurement Parameters . BSS Radio Network Parameter Dictionary Printouts/Error codes . General Error Messages of System
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Descriptions . Product Descriptions . Product Description of Nokia BSC2i and BSCi High Capacity Base Station Controller . Product Description of Nokia BSC3i High Capacity Base Station Controller . Functional Area Descriptions . Radio Network Performance . Radio Channel Allocation . Traffic Reason Handover in BSC . Operability . Licensing in BSC . Feature Descriptions . Radio Network Performance . GSM-WCDMA Interworking . Common BCCH Control in BSC . Enhanced Speech Codecs: AMR and EFR . Direct Access to Desired Layer/Band . Data . (E)GPRS in BSC . HSCSD and 14.4 kbit/s Data Services in BSC . Value Added Services . Wireless Priority Service in BSC
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# Nokia Corporation
Soft Channel Capacity requires BSC2i or BSC3i. In BSC2 the existing limit on number of traffic channels per BSC is not changed.
TRXSIG Capacity
The restrictions set by the TRXSIG capacity are also valid with Soft Channel Capacity. You should not create more radio channels per TRX than recommended in Nokia BSS Transmission Configuration.
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3
3.1
BSC3i 1000/2000
With these new limits it is possible to configure all radio traffic time slots to dual rate support. Increasing the limits means that more TCHs can be created in the radio network than are allowed to be activated simultaneously. This is extra TCH capacity.
Related topics
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3.2
The limits of the number of simultaneously active traffic channels (TCHs) per BCSU are shown in table Maximum number of simultaneously active TCHs per BCSU.
Maximum number of simultaneously active TCHs per BCSU Number of simultaneously active TCHs in the BCSU
512 880 1600
BSC3i 1000/2000
The number of active traffic channels per BCSU is maintained in the BSC. The Radio Resource Management part of the BSC controls the usage of traffic channels. If the number of active traffic channels in the BCSU reaches the limit value, it is not possible to activate a new traffic channel in the TRXs controlled by that BCSU until an active traffic channel has been released. Below is an example of active traffic channel limits per BCSU.
BSC2i BCSU 1 BCSU 1: 600 TCHs created 512 TCHs active BCSU 2: 500 TCHs created 500 TCHs active BCSU 3: 600 TCHs created 450 TCHs active
BCSU 2
BCSU 3
Figure 1.
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In the example above it is not possible to allocate a traffic channel in TRX 1 or in TRX 2. In BCSU 1 the maximum number of traffic channels is already activated. In BCSU 2 all the traffic channels are already activated. It is possible to allocate a traffic channel only in TRX 3. If TRX 3 happens to be in use already, it is not possible to allocate a traffic channel in the cell even if there were free channels in TRX 1. The principles of calculating the number of active traffic channels are described in table Number of active TCHs depending on the activation type.
Number of active TCHs depending on the activation type Number of active TCHs
1 1 2 3 4 1 1 1
Cell capacity assurance algorithm ensures that a sufficient number of traffic channels can be activated in each cell of the network at any time even if there is extra TCH capacity created in the radio network. This algorithm assures that the minimum number of the calls that can be set up in each cell of the network at any time is equal to the number of the created TCH TSLs in the cells, that is, the cell capacity assurance level is 100%. Below is an example of the cell capacity assurance algorithm.
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BSC2i BTS 1: assured capacity 6 TCHs 2 active TCHs BTS 1 TRX 1 BCSU 1 BTS 3 TRX 3 BTS 3: assured capacity 6 TCHs 2 active TCHs
BTS 2 TRX 2
BCSU 2
BCSU 1: 600 TCHs created 500 TCHs active BCSU 2: 500 TCHs created 490 TCHs active
Figure 2.
The assured TCH capacity of BTS 1, 2, and 3 together is 18 traffic channels. Only 6 traffic channels are currently active in those BTSs. The maximum number of simultaneously active traffic channels in BCSU 1 is 512. Five hundred (500) of them are already active. Thus it is not possible to activate a traffic channel in TRX 4 of BTS 4. The free resources of BCSU 1 must be saved for BTS 1, 2, and 3 to assure sufficient number of calls in each of the BTSs. In BTS 4 it is possible to allocate a traffic channel only in TRX 5 at the moment.
Related topics
3.3
Interworking
The extra TCH capacity created in the radio network has effects on various operating and application software in the BSC. The effects are described below.
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(E)GPRS margins
The (E)GPRS territory upgrade and downgrade decisions are based on the number of idle time slots in the BTS. If there is extra TCH capacity created in the BTS, the downgrade margin does not work optimally. The (E)GPRS territory downgrade caused by the increasing CS traffic is not started as early as in the situation without extra TCH capacity. The effects can be reduced by setting the BSC parameters free TSL for CS upgrade (CSU) and free TSL for CS downgrade (CSD) to maximum values. For more information, see (E)GPRS in BSC.
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The BSC checks the cell resource usage of the target cells based on the BSC parameters: WPS priority capacity (WPIC) and WPS preference capacity (WPEC). If there is extra TCH capacity created in the cell, it is possible that a Directed Retry handover for a queued WPS user is started to a cell which actually is congested and the WPS call setup is interrupted. This situation can be avoided by reducing the values of the WPIC and WPEC parameters. The values of these parameters should be reduced in relation to the amount of extra TCH capacity in the network. If the number of TCHs has been doubled in the network, the values of the parameters should be halved. For more information, see Wireless Priority Service in BSC and BSC radio network object parameters inBSS Radio Network Parameter Dictionary.
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The BSC reports the number of idle traffic channels in the cells to the MSC. If there is extra TCH capacity created in the cell, it is not necessarily possible to allocate all the reported idle channels of a cell simultaneously. As a consequence the MSC may start handovers from one congested cell to another. For more information, see Traffic Reason Handover in BSC.
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The load distribution between different BTSs in a segment is controlled with the BTS parameter: BTS load in SEG (LSEG). For each call the BSC checks the resource usage of each BTS of the target segment based on the LSEG parameter . The BSC then decides to which BTS the call is directed. The aim is to keep the load of each BTS within the limit that the LSEG parameter defines. If there is extra TCH capacity created in the segment, the calls are not directed, for example, to a non-BCCH layer of the segment as early as without extra TCH capacity. The effects can be minimised by adjusting the value of the LSEG parameter. The value of the LSEG parameter should be reduced in relation to the amount of extra TCH capacity in the network. If the number of TCHs has been doubled in the BTS, the value of the parameter should be halved. However, if the value of the LSEG parameter has already been set to a low value (about 10% or lower), there is not necessarily any need to change the value. In this case the load distribution between layers in the segment works well also with the extra TCH capacity. For more information on the load distribution between the BTSs of the segment, see Common BCCH Control in BSC.
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The GSM-WCDMA Inter-System Handover (ISHO) from a GSM to a WCDMA RAN cell for speech calls is started on the basis of the traffic load in the serving GSM cell. The load in the serving cell is checked with the handover parameter: min traffic load for speech call (LTSC). The handover is not started until the load in the serving cell exceeds the threshold. If there is extra TCH capacity created in the serving cell, the handovers to the WCDMA RAN cell are not started as early as without extra TCH capacity. The effect can be minimised by reducing the value of the LTSC parameter. The value of the LTSC parameter should be reduced in relation to the amount of extra TCH capacity in the network. If the number of TCHs has been doubled in the cell, the value of the parameter should be halved. For more information on ISHO, see GSM-WCDMA Interworking.
Trunk Reservation
Trunk Reservation does not work optimally if extra TCH capacity has been created in the BSC. The Trunk Reservation algorithm takes into account all the created radio interface traffic channels. If extra TCH capacity has been created in the BSC, the Trunk Reservation algorithm cannot ensure that there is always capacity available for the priority user in a cell.
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Error codes
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With this error code the BSC informs you that the maximum amount of soft channels in the BSC is exceeded.
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With this error code the BSC informs you that there are more soft channels configured in the BSC than AMR HR licence allows.
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With this error code the BSC informs you that Soft Channel Capacity is not in use in the BSC. For more information, see Licensing in BSC and General Error Messages of System.
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Alarms
7746 CH CONGESTION IN CELL ABOVE DEFINED THRESHOLD Because of Soft Channel Capacity there is a new field in this alarm. For a more detailed description of this alarm, see Base Station Alarms (7000 7999).
Counters
The following new counters to Soft Channel Capacity measurement are introduced:
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109000 PEAK BUSY TCH PER BCSU 109001 AVE BUSY TCH PER BCSU 109002 AVE BUSY TCH PER BCSU DENOMINATOR 109003 TOTAL TCH BUSY TIME PER BCSU
When Soft Channel Capacity is active and there are extra TCHs created in a cell, it is possible that radio channel allocation attempt is rejected because of the lack of BCSU capacity even if there are free radio traffic channels in the cell. In this case the existing traffic measurement and resource availability counters are augmented as if the radio channel allocation attempt was rejected because of a lack of radio resources. The following counters are an exception:
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2026 TOTAL CHANNEL BUSY TIME 2044 FULL RATE radio CONGESTION TIME 2045 HALF RATE radio CONGESTION TIME
These counters do not show congestion time unless all the radio traffic channels of the cell have been occupied. For more information, see
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1 Traffic Measurement 2 Resource Availability Measurement 109 Soft Channel Capacity Measurement
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Related topics
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