GASHEM SHOOKAT BAKSH v CA Facts: Gashem & Marilou are lovers who were living together.

They met in a luncheonette where Marilou was a waitress and Gashem was a frequent customer. Gashem courted Marilou and promised to marry her. On such promise, Marilou agreed to live with him and the two of them even sought permission from Marilou's parents, who made initial preparations for their wedding. Shortly thereafter, Gashem began maltreating Marilou and told her that he was already married. Because of this, Marilou left Gashem's apartment and filed this action for damages. Issue: W/N breach of promise to marry is actionable and entitles the aggrieved party to damages Held: Yes, although breach of promise to marry per se is not an actionable wrong but if it was done in deceit and as a device to lure a woman into sexual congress with a man who had no intention whatsoever to fulfill such promise, then the award for damages is justified not because of the promise but because of the fraud and deceit and the willful injury to her honor and reputation. Art. 21 of the Civil Code provides Any person who willfully causes loss or injury to another in a manner that is contrary to morals, good customs or public policy shall compensate the latter for damages.