Teething is a result of inflammation, so cold is soothing. Give child frozen teething ring or ice cube wrapped in washcloth.

Pwede din bigyan ng topical anesthetic like baby orajel p.328 wongs pediatric nursing7th edition

A clear liquid diet consists of transparent liquid foods such as vegetable broth, bouillon, clear fruit juices, clear fruit ices, popsicles, clear gelatin desserts, or clear carbonated drinks (cola). (wa na mention ang tea, but transparent gihapon na)

Fern Test Definitions: 1. a test for estrogenic activity; cervical mucus smears form a fern pattern at those times when estrogen secretion is elevated, as at the time of ovulation; similar changes have been reported to occur in saliva; 2. a test to detect ruptured amniotic membranes. http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldi...ry.php?t=90502

A full or strained liquid diet consists of both clear and opaque liquid foods with a smooth consistency. It includes milk, milkshakes, ice cream, puddings, st, and honey. Fruit juices (without pulp), coffee, gelatin, popsicles (without pulp), water, and clear carbonated beverages are also acceptable.

Retinal detachment Occasionally, posterior vitreous detachment, injury or trauma to the eye or head may cause a small tear in the retina. ....However, two recent scientific articles have noted cases of retinal detachment or maculopathy due to weightlifting (specifically with the Valsalva method), and a third documented an increase in blood pressure in the eye during weightlifting. Moreover, a recent case-control study focusing on myopic subjects supports the hypothesis that occupational heavy lifting (or manual handling) requiring Valsalva maneuver may be a risk factor for retinal detachment.

Utilitarianism is an ethical theory holding that the right course of action is the one that maximises the overall "good" consequences of the action. It is thus a form of consequentialism, meaning that the moral worth of an action is determined by its resulting outcome.

Deontology is an approach to ethics that judges the morality of an action based on the action's adherence to a rule or rules.

OR Nursing

Labyrinthectomy Complications: Imbalance - The surgery stops vertigo attacks but can worsen balance. This is temporary in most young and active patients but can be a problem in elderly, inactive patients or those with other conditions that cause balance problems. http://www.earassociates.com/services-labyrinthectomy-sac-san-jose-ca.html

The spleen, similar in structure to a large lymph node, acts as a blood filter. As splenectomy causes an increased risk of sepsis due to encapsulated organisms (such as S. pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae) the patient should receive thepneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Prevnar), Hib vaccine, and the meningococcal vaccine; see asplenia. These bacteria often cause a sore throat under normal circumstances but after splenectomy, when infecting bacteria cannot be adequately opsonized, the infection becomes more severe.

Ask for history of COPD, CAL, and smoking in operative patients. (increases risk for respiratory complications). If smoker, advise patient to stop smoking 4 - 8 weeks (2 months) before operation, or at least 24 hours before surgery. (mrs. factor)

d. Only the top surface of a draped table is considered sterile. Anything extending over the edge or hanging over the edge is not sterile. (1) Linen or sutures falling over the edge of the table should be discarded. The scrub should not touch the part hanging below the table level. http://www.sweethaven.com/sweethaven/MedTech/Surgery/coursemain.asp? whichMod=module0105

A sterile field is considered contaminated if it becomes wet. Moisture can act as a wick, allowing microorganisms to contaminate the field. (naa ba toy choice nga change sterile drape? limot ko) http://books.google.com.ph/books? id=MDnNemBem5UC&pg=PT296&lpg=PT296&dq=sterile+water+spilled+in+sterile&s ource=bl&ots=KZAmnzlZSU&sig=Jp0rmPAE4ZK84irCWNLcG_O1_GE&hl=tl&ei=Xc USTv7jNMWOmQXLoOTqAg&sa=X&oi=book_resu lt&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDwQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=sterile%20water %20spilled%20in%20sterile&f=false

StevensJohnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are two forms of a life-threatening skin condition, in which cell death causes the epidermis to separate from the dermis. The syndrome is thought to be a hypersensitivity complex that affects the skin and the mucous membranes. (from sir veto)

Closed bladder irrigation in transvesical prostatectomy is an important factor in arresting bleeding and preventing or diminishing bacterial infection. A bladder irrigation of appropriate intensity may ensure that the blood clots be removed rapidly from the bladder and thereby the formation of larger clots and bladder tamponade can be avoided. (CBI is for post prostatectomy patients, not for those with urinary stones) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3051813

When a child requires short term restraint for examination or treatment that involves the head and neck, such as venipuncture, throat exam, gavage feeding, the mummy device effectively controls the child's movements....p738 wongs 7th edition....jacket

restraints are used to make a child still in a chair or para to make a child in a horizontal position...elbow restraints are used to prevent children from reaching head or face like post cleft lip/palare surgey...clove hitch is a wrist restraint...

In infants, the ratio of anteroposterior to transverse diameter is normally 1:1. As the child grows, this ratio gradually changes to 1:2 by age 4 to 6. Cystic fibrosis and chronic asthma may cause barrel chest in children. (So wrong ang normal).

Intussusception Prior to surger, insert Nasoenteric Tube to decompress intestine. (mrs. factor)

How To Treat a Bee Sting 1. Safety first! Get away from the bee. Bees release a scent when in danger to attract other bees. If you're still around when reinforcements get there, they'll sting you. 2. Follow universal precautions and wear personal protective equipment if you have it. 3. Remove any stingers immediately! No need to scrape off bee stingers, just remove them. It's OK to pull stingers out with your fingers. The longer bee stingers are allowed to remain in the body, the more severe the reaction will be. 4. If the victim is allergic to bees, check to see if the victim is carrying an epinephrine auto-injector(EpiPen). If so, help the victim use the EpiPen. If the victim is supposed to carry an EpiPen and does not have it, call 911 immediately! Do not wait for symptoms to appear. 5. Non-allergic victims will almost always develop local reactions to bee stings. Redness, swelling, and pain are all common at the site of the bee sting. The pain will usually go away pretty quickly, but swelling may last for more than a day. Use an ice pack to reduce swelling at the site. http://firstaid.about.com/od/heatcoldexposure/ht/07_bee_sting.htm

Islam's Prohibited food 1. Alcohol In Islam, alcoholic beveragesor any intoxicantare strictly forbidden "harm". Intoxicants were forbidden in the Qur'an through several separate verses revealed at different times over a period of years. At first, it was forbidden for Muslims to attend to

prayers while intoxicated (4:43). Then a later verse was revealed which said that alcohol contains some good and some evil, but the evil is greater than the good (In Surah AlBaqarah: 219, it states "They ask Thee concerning Wine and Gambling, Say: In them is great sin, and some profit, for men; but the sin is greater than the profit."). 2. Blood Blood and its by-products are forbidden in Islam, in the Qu'ran, surah 5 Al-Maeda, verse 3: "Forbidden to you is the dead, and blood...". This includes meats that have not been drained of blood. 3. Pork Consumption of pork and products made from pork is strictly forbidden in Islam. The origin of this belief is derived from the chapter of the Cow (Al Baqara) speaks of this: Quran 2.173[4] which states: He hath only forbidden you dead meat, and blood, and the flesh of swine, and that on which any other name hath been invoked besides that of Allah. But if one is forced by necessity, without wilful disobedience, nor transgressing due limits, then is he guiltless. For Allah is Oft-forgiving Most Merciful. Gelatin made from porcine skin or bones, which makes up roughly 50% of the supply of gelatin on the market, is forbidden. Gelatin made from other halal animals, fish for example, is acceptable. (nothing about Shrimps, crabs, caffeine yet) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_dietary_laws

The lightning charge enters the body and immediately exits through it. You get a charge by rubbing yourself or something, not by getting electrocuted by lightning. It's a physics thing.

Tracheostomy Care: 1. Don disposable gloves. 2. Remove oxygen source if one is present. Rotate lock on inner cannula in a counterclockwise motion to release it. 3. Gently remove inner cannula and carefully drop it in basin with hydrogen peroxide. Remove gloves and discard. 4. Clean inner cannula. 1.

1. Don sterile gloves. 2. Remove inner cannula from soaking solution. Moisten brush or pipe cleaners in saline and insert into tube, using back-and-forth motion. 3. Agitate cannula in saline solution. Remove and tap against inner surface of basin. 4. Place on sterile gauze pad. 1. Suction outer cannula using sterile technique. 2. Replace inner cannula into outer cannula. Turn lock clockwise and make sure that inner cannula is secure. Reapply oxygen source if needed.

Leave soiled tape in place until new one is applied. Cut piece of tape that is twice the neck circumference plus 4 inches (10 cm). Trim ends on the diagonal. Insert one end of tape through faceplate opening alongside old tape. Pull through until both ends are even. Slide both tapes under patients neck and insert one end through remaining opening on other side of faceplate. Pull snugly and tie ends in double square knot. Check that patient can flex neck comfortably. Carefully remove old tape. Reapply oxygen source if necessary.

Pulse Oximeter A blood-oxygen monitor displays the percentage of arterial hemoglobin in the oxyhemoglobin configuration. Acceptable normal ranges are from 95 to 100 percent, although values down to 90% are common. For a patient breathing room air, at not far above sea level, an estimate of arterial pO2 can be made from the blood-oxygen monitor SpO2 reading.

IMCI If the child is 12 months up - Fast breathing is 40 breaths per minute or more (41 breats/min) Fast breathing = PNEUMONIA

Methotrexate

-formerly known as amethopterin, is an antimetabolite andantifolate drug. It is used in treatment of cancer, autoimmune diseases, ectopic pregnancy, and for the induction of medicalabortions. It acts by inhibiting the metabolism of folic acid. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methotrexate

Epinephrine Indications: -Bronchospasm, hypersensitivity reactions, anaphylaxis -Hemostasis -Acute Asthma Attacks -To prolong local anesthetic effect -To restore cardiac rhythm in cardiac arrest

Lithium Normal Serum Levels: 0.5 - 1.5 mEq/L Maintenance: 0.6 - 1.2 mEq/L Increase fluid intake and sodium intake to prevent toxicity. The list of signs and symptoms mentioned in various sources for Lithium toxicity includes the 16 symptoms listed below:

Increasing diarrhea Vomiting Anorexia Muscle weakness Lethargy Giddiness Ataxia Lack of coordination Tinnitus Blurred vision Coarse tremor of extremities

Coarse tremor of lower jaw Muscle hyperirritability Choreoathetoid movements Dysarthia Drowsiness

Morphine SO4 Nursing Considerations: -Monitor circulatory, respiratory, bladder, and bowel functions carefully. Drug may cause respiratory depression, hypotension, urine retention, nausea, vomiting, ileus or altered LOC. -Morphine is drug of choice in relieving MI pain; may cause transient decrease in BP.

Colchicine MOA: As an antigout drug, may decrease WBC motility, phagocytosis, and lactic acid production, decreasing urate crystal deposits and reducing inflammation.

Propythiouracil MOA: Inhibits oxidation of iodine in thyroid gland, blocking ability of iodine to combine with tyrosine to form T4, and may prevent coupling of monoiodotyrosine and diiodotyrosine to form T3 and T4.