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  • Unit 10.5 Total Internal Reflection

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    Ng Yong Hui Melvin
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    A ray of light travels from an optically denser medium to an optically less dense medium. Total Internal Reflection takes place only when 1. A light ray travels from one optically dense medium to a less dense one. At this point, the refracted ray bends further away from the normal. No light ray is refracted through. This is known as _________________________________.

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    A ray of light travels from an optically denser medium to an optically less dense medium. Total Internal Reflection takes place only when 1. A light ray travels from one optically dense medium to a less dense one. At this point, the refracted ray bends further away from the normal. No light ray is refracted through. This is known as _________________________________.

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    590 views6 pages

    Unit 10.5 Total Internal Reflection

    Uploaded by

    Ng Yong Hui Melvin
    A ray of light travels from an optically denser medium to an optically less dense medium. Total Internal Reflection takes place only when 1. A light ray travels from one optically dense medium to a less dense one. At this point, the refracted ray bends further away from the normal. No light ray is refracted through. This is known as _________________________________.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 6

    ChangkatChangiSecondarySchool

    UNIT 10.5
    LightTotal Internal
    Reflection

    Name: ________________________
    Class: __________
    Date: ____________

    CONTENTPAGE
    Date

    Notes/Worksheets

    Marks

    Remarks

    Notes10.5

    Worksheet10.5

    LessonSummary&MyReflections

    Notes10.5Light:TotalInternalReflection Pg1PreparedbyMrMelvinNg

    NOTES10.5

    LESSONOBJECTIVES

    Attheendofthelesson,youwillbeableto:
    Explaincriticalangleandtotalinternalreflection

    Introduction
    Previouslyyouobservedthechangeinlightasittravelledthroughasemicircularglassblock.

    Explainingbehaviouroflightthroughasemicircularglassblock

    1. Whenarayoflightisdirectedperpendicularlythroughthesemicircularglassblock,thelight
    raywillpass.withoutdeviation.Thisisbecauselightisentering
    totheboundaries.

    2. WhenthelightrayisdirectedatanangleiatpointO,thelightrayis
    refracted.fromthenormalwhenittravelsfromtheglassintoair.Thisis
    becauselightistravellingfromanopticallydensermedium(.)toanopticallyless
    densemedium(..)atO.

    Notes10.5Light:TotalInternalReflection Pg1PreparedbyMrMelvinNg


    3. Astheincidentangleisincreased,therefractedrayisseentobendfurtherawayfromthe
    normal.Itcomesapointwhentherefractedrayis90tothenormal.

    Atthispoint,theangleofincidenceknownas..becomesanimportant
    angleasanyanglegreaterthanthiswillresultin..

    Definition:Criticalangleistheangleofincidenceintheopticallydensermediumforwhichthe
    angleofrefractioninthelessdensemediumis90.

    4. Whentheangleofincidenceisincreasedbeyondthecriticalangle,thelightraywillbe
    reflectedbackintotheglassblock.Nolightrayisrefractedthrough.Thisisknownas
    _______________________________________________.

    Conditionsfortotalinternalreflection
    TotalInternalReflectiontakesplaceonlywhen

    1. arayoflighttravelsfromanoptically______________mediumtoa_______________
    medium;
    2. theangleofincidenceintheopticallydensermediumis______________thanthecritical
    angle,i.e._______________.

    Example
    Inthefigurebelow,thecriticalangleoftheliquidis46o.LightrayXhitsthesurfaceoftheliquid,
    whichofthepathsA,B,CorDwillitfollow?

    ()
    A

    Notes10.5Light:TotalInternalReflection Pg2PreparedbyMrMelvinNg


    Determinecriticalangleofamediumusingrefractiveindex
    Whentheangleofincidenceisatthecriticalanglec,thentheangleofrefractionr=90o.

    Sincethelightrayisfromthemediumintoair,weusetheprincipleofreversibility.
    Hence

    sin 90o
    1

    n=
    =
    sin c
    sin c

    Example

    i. Glasshasarefractiveindexof1.50.Calculateitscriticalangle.

    ii. Diamondhascriticalangleof24.6o.Hence,calculatetherefractiveindexofdiamond.

    Applicationsoftotalinternalreflection

    1. Fibreoptics

    glass

    total internal reflections at the


    boundaries

    Alightrayenteringthepipecomesoutofthepipeduetototalinternalreflection.Ifabundleof
    parallelfibresisusedtoconstructanopticaltransmissionline,imagescanbetransferredfrom
    onepointtoanotherpoint.

    Notes10.5Light:TotalInternalReflection Pg3PreparedbyMrMelvinNg

    2. Periscopeandbinoculars

    Prismsareusedinbinocularstoreducethelengthoftheinstrumentandtoproduceaserectan
    imageaspossible.
    Fortheprismusedinperiscope,thelightrayshittheinsidesurfaceatananglegreaterthanthe
    criticalangleof42oandhencetheyareinternallyreflected.

    3. ThefollowingfiguresaremorepicturesshowingTotalInternalReflection.

    Notes10.5Light:TotalInternalReflection Pg4PreparedbyMrMelvinNg

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