Hc LabVIEW qua bi tp.

Bi 1-1 (P1) Th nm, 24/03/2011, 01:48 GMT+7

Bng vic ging dy LabVIEW qua cc bi tp, kin thc LabVIEW s n vi ngi hc mt cch nhanh chng.
Theo yu cu ca bi tp ny, bn s xy dng mt VI c nhim v sinh ra mt tn hiu v cho hin th tn hiu trn mt th. LabVIEW cung cp mt template cha ng thng tin m t gip bn xy dng nn mt VI. Nhng template ny gip bn bt tay ngay vo vic tm hiu LabVIEW mt cch d dng. Hon thnh nhng bc sau thit lp mt VI theo yu cu trn y. Khi ng LabVIEW (StartProgramLabVIEW) Trong hp thoi LabVIEW xut hin, click chn VI from TemplateTutorial (Getting Started)Generate and Display trong danh sch Create new. Hnh nh di y cho thy cc template v s m t ngn gn v mi template trong ca s New hin ra.

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3. Click chn vo OK m template. Bn cng c th double-click vo tn ca template VI trong danh sch Create new m mt template m mnh mun.

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Tm hiu ca s Front panel ca VI va mi to. Giao din ngi dng (Front panel) xut hin c mu nn mc nh l xm cng vi cc nt iu khin (Control) v i tng hin th (Indicator). Thanh tiu (Title bar) trn Front panel cho thy ca s mi m ra l giao din ngi dng ca VI Generate and Display. Tm hiu ca s Block diagram ca VI va mi to. Mi trng vit code (Block diagram) xut hin c mu nn mc nh l trng cng vi mt Express VI c t trong mt cu trc gi l vng lp while iu khin cc i tng trn ca s Front panel. Chng ta s c dp tr li tm hiu cc Express VI l g ? Cn trong phm vi bi hc ny th ch nn hiu mt cch s lc chng l cc VI c vit v ng gi sn vi mt chc nng hay nhim v no . Thanh tiu trn Block diagram cng ch ra rng ca s ny l block diagram ca VI Generate and Display.

Ch : Nu ca s Front panel khng hin th cng vi ca s Block digram, ta c th lm cho n hin th bng vic la chn WindowShow Front Panel hoc ngc li Th thut: Ta cng c th s dng cc phm tt chuyn i gia cc ca s Front panel vi Block Digram (Ctrl+E) hoc hin th c hai loi ca s ny (Ctrl+T). Trn Front panel toolbar, click chn Run chy chng trnh. Khi mt th dng sng hnh sin xut hin trn giao din. Dng s hot ng ca VI bng vic bm chn vo nt STOP

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t mt i tng iu khin ln front panel

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Cc i tng iu khin (Control) trn front panel m phng cc u vo ca mt thit b vt l v cung cp d liu ti Block diagram ca VI. Rt nhiu thit b vt l c cc nm iu chnh (Knob) m bn c th thay i c gi tr u vo. to ra cc Knob ny trn Front panel trong LabVIEW chng ta thc hin theo cc bc sau y. Th thut: Trong phn thc hnh cc hng dn sau y, chng ta cng c th s dng phm tt Ctrl+Z hon tc mt nhim v thc thi (hoc chn EditUndo) hin th bng Controls palette trn Front panel, click chon ViewControls Palette hoc click chut phi vo mt im trng trn Front panel. Di chuyn con tr chut trn cc icon hin th trong bng Control palette la chn danh mc cc biu tng Numeric control rng khi bn di chuyn con tr chut qua khp cc icon trn Control palette th tn ca danh mc cc bng con s xut hin pha trn cng ca palette. Nu bn dng li bt k icon no c hnh tam gic gc trn bn phi th mt bng con y cc control v indicator ca n s hin ra. Click chn Numeric Control truy cp danh mc cc i tng thuc dng numeric ca n. Chn i tng knob control trn Numeric control palette v t n trn Front panel pha tri ca th waveform graph. Bn s s dng knob ny iu khin bin ca tn hiu trong bi tp sau. Chn FileSave As lu VI ny di ci tn Acquiring a Signal.Vi trong th mc C:\Exercises\LV Basics I. Ch : Lu tt c cc VI m bn thit lp hay sa i kho hc ny trong mt th mc duy nht trn y cho d qun l.

Thay i dng tn hiu

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Block diagram c mt biu tng mu xanh vi tn gi l Simulate Signal. Icon ny din t Express VI Simulate Signal. Express VI ny m phng mt tn hiu dng sng hnh sin theo mc nh. Ta c th thay i dng tn hiu ny theo cc bc hng dn sau. Hin th Block diagram bng vic la chn WindowShow Block diagram hoc s dng phm tt Ctrl+E. hnh dng ca Simulate Signal Express VI nh bn tri. Mt Express VI l mt thnh phn ca Block diagram

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m bn c th cu hnh thc hin mt tc v no . Signal Express VI m phng mt tn hiu da trn s cu hnh, thit lp m bn ch nh. Click chut phi vo Simulate signal Express VI v chn Properties t menu s xung hin th hp hi thoi Configure Simulate Signal. Chn la Sawtooth (Hnh rng ca) t menu loi tn hiu (Signal type) s xung. rng waveform trn th trong phn Result Preview thay i sang dng sng hnh rng ca. Hp thoi Configure Simulate Signal xut hin vi hnh dng di y:Click OK p dng cu hnh hin ti v ng hp thoi Configure Simulate Signal. Di chuyn con tr chut ti mi tn s xung bn di icon Simulate Signal Express VI Khi mt mi tn hai u hin ra, click v drag bin dng ca Express VI cho ti khi u vo Amplitude xut hin. cch lm th no m rng Express VI, xut hin thm u vo mi. Bi v u vo Amplitude xut hin trn Block diagram, by gi bn c th cu hnh bin ca sng sawtooth trn Block diagram. Trong hnh nh trc, rng Amplitude cng l mt i tng c th c la chn trong hp thoi Configure Simulate Signal. Khi mt u vo nh Amplitude xut hin trn Block diagram v trong hp thoi Configuration th bn cng c th cu hnh v thay i cc gi tr ca u vo .

Ni dy cc i tng trong Block diagram

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s dng cc knob control thay i gi tr bin (Amlitude) ca tn hiu, bn phi kt ni hai i tng vi nhau trong Block diagram. Thc hin cc ch dn sau y ni knob vi u vo Amplitude trong Simulate Signal Express VI. Di chuyn con tr chut ti Knob terminal cho ti khi mt mi tn mu trng xut hin (Mi tn gi l Positoning tool). s thay i con tr chut thnh mi tn Positioning tool nh th no. S dng positioning tool la chn, di chuyn v thay i size ca i tng. Click vo Knob terminal chn n, sau ko nm knob ny ti bn tri ca Simulate Signal Express Vi. Chc chn rng Knob terminal vn nm bn trong vng lm while c ch ra bn tri. Cc termial l cc ng vo ra trao i thng tin gia cc control v indicator trn Front panel v Block diagram. hu s la chn Knob terminal, bn click vo mt khong trng trn Block diagram. Di chuyn con tr chut vo im mi tn ca Knob terminal. rng lc con tr chut chuyn thnh hnh mt cun ch (Wiring tool). S dng Wiring tool ni dy cc i tng vi nhau trong Block diagram. Ch : Con tr chut s khng t chuyn i thnh hnh dng khc trong khi mt i tng no c la chn. Khi con tr chut ang trng thi Wiring tool, click vo mi tn bn tri ca Knob ri click tip vo mi tn bn phi trn u vo Amplitude ca Simulate Signal Express VI ni hai i tng ny li vi nhau. Lc ny mt ng dy xut hin v ni hai i tng ny li vi nhau. D liu s truyn dc theo dy ni ny t Knob terminal ti u vo Ampliture ca Express VI Chn FileSave lu VI ny li

Chy VI
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Khi chy mt VI tc l thc thi ng dng ca bn. Hon thnh cc bc hng dn sau chy ng dng c lp trnh bi Acquirring Signal VI va mi khi to. Chn WindowsShow Front panel hoc dng phm tt Ctrl+E chuyn t ca s Block diagram sang Front panel. Click nt Run Di chuyn con tr chut trn nm iu khin Knob. Lc ny, con tr chut chuyn thnh hnh mt bn tay hay cn gi l Operating tool (Hnh bn tri). S dng Operating tool thay i gi tr ca nm iu khin Knob bng cch xoay trn nm iu khin. S dng Operating tool, xoay nm Knob iu chnh bin ca tn hiu sng hnh rng ca. xem bin ca sng rng ca thay i nh th no trn th khi bn xoay nm Knob. V bn cng thy rng t l, gi tr trn trc y ca th t ng iu chnh theo s thay i gi tr ca bin sng rng ca. Trong qu trnh VI ang chy, nt Run chuyn i thnh mt mi tn mu en. Lc ny, bn khng th sa i Front panel hoc Block diagram. Click nt STOP dng s thc thi tc v ca VI. Ch : Mc d nt Abort Execution ging nh mt nt stop, nhng National Instruments khuyn co rng bn nn dng s thc thi ca VI bng nt STOP trn Front panel. Bi v s dng Abort Excution nhiu khi khng hon ton chm dt hot ng ca VI, cho nn bn ch s dng Abort Execution khi m c mt li no xy ra, ngn khng cho bn dng s thc thi chng trnh t nt STOP.

Hc LabVIEW qua bi tp. Bi 1-1 (P2)

Th nm, 24/03/2011, 22:59 GMT+7

Hnh nh c tnh cht minh ho v giao din ngi dng bng LabVIEW Tip theo ni dung bi tp 1 trong chuyn mc hc LabVIEW qua cc bi tp. Trong phn ny chng ta s bit cch cu hnh, ty bin din mo ca mt i tng iu khin trn Front Panel...
Trong ni dung phn ny, chng ta s thc hin mt vi s nng cp, sa i ng dng m phng v hin th tn hiu phn 1 ca ch ny. Trc ht khi ng LabVIEW, la chn FileOpen C:\Exercises\LV Basics I\Acquiring a signal.VI

Sa i tn hiu
1. 2. 3. 4. Thc hin theo nhng bc hng dn sau y to mt h s t l vi tn hiu v hin th kt qu trn th. Trn Block diagram, s dng Positioning tool click double dy ni Simulate Signal Express VI ti ng vo ca Waveform Graph Nhn phm Delete xo dy ni ny Nu Function palette khng hin th trn Block diagram, ngoi vic chn WindowsShow Function palette hin th. Chng ta cng c th click chut phi vo mt im trng trn Block diagram lm cho Function palette xut hin. Chn la Express VI Scaling and Mapping (Hnh bn tri) t danh mc icon Arithmetic & Comparision palette v t n ln Block diagram bn trong vng lp gia Simulate Signal Express VI v Waveform Graph terninal. Nu khng c khong trng gia th v Simulate Signal VI bn phi dng chut di chuyn Waveform Graph v pha bn phi. rng hp thoi Configure Scaling and Mapping t ng xut hin khi bn t Express VI ny ln Block diagram. Xc nh gi tr ca h s Scaling bng thao tc nhp s 10 vo text box Slop (m). Hp thoi Configure Scaling and Mapping s c dng

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Click vo nt OK p dng cu hnh hin ti v ng hp thoi Configure Scaling and Mapping. Di chuyn con tr chut ti mi tn bn phi ca th Sawtooth trn Express VI Simulate Signal. Khi con tr chut chuyn thnh Wiring tool, click vo mi tn ca ng ra Sawtooth v sau click tip vo mi tn ca ng vo Signal trn Scaling and Mapping VI ni hai i tng li vi nhau. S dng Wiring tool, tip tc ni ng ra ca th Scaled Signal trn VI Scaling and Mapping vi Waveform Graph terminal. rng cc dy ni ca cc i tng trn Block diagram u bt u mi tn ca mt ng ra bn phi

i tng v kt thc ng vo bn tri ca i tng kia. iu ny phn nh rng d liu s c truyn dc theo dy theo hng vo ra nh vy. Block diagram thu c s c dng nh hnh di y

10. Chn la FileSave lu VI ny li.

Hin th hai tn hiu trn mt th.

1. 2. so snh tn hiu sinh ra bi VI Simulate Signal v tn hiu c sa i bi Scaling v Mapping VI. Bn nn cho chng hin th trn cng mt th bng vic s dng hm Merge Signal. Hon thnh cc bc sau y c th hin th hai tn hiu trn cng mt th. Di chuyn con tr chut ln mi tn ca ng ra Sawtooth trn VI Simulate Signal S dng Wiring tool ni ng ra vi Waveform Graph. Hm Merge Signal t ng xut hin ti ni hai dy ni tn hiu gp nhau. Hm ny thu nhn hai tn hiu ring r v t hp chng li vi nhau c th hin th trn cng mt th. Khi , Block diagram ca ng dng s c dng nh hnh

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Chn FileSave lu s thay i ny. Bn cng c th nhn t hp phm Ctrl+S lu mt VI. Tr li Front panel, bm nt Run chy VI v thay i gi tr ca nm Knob. Lc ny th v c hai tn hiu sng hnh rng ca v tn hiu Scaled. Ngoi ra cn ch rng gi tr ln nht ca trc to y t ng thay i 10 ln vi gi tr ca nm iu khin Knob. T l ny xy ra l bi v chng ta thit lp gi tr slop bng 10 trong bng Configuration ca VI Scaling and Mapping. Click nt STOP dng chng trnh

Tu bin nm iu chnh Knob

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Nm iu chnh Knob thay i bin ca sng hnh rng ca nn ta t cho n tn gi (Gn nhn_Label) l bin cho ph hp vi chc nng ca nm iu chnh ny. Hon thnh nhng bc sau y tu bin din mo ca mt i tng iu khin trn Front panel. Right-click ln Knob v chn la Properties t menu s xung hin th hp thoi Knob Properties. Trong phn Label trn tab Appearance, xo nhn Knob (gi tr mc nh) v nhp vo "Bien do" trong text box. Hp thoi Knob Properties s phi c dng tng t nh sau.

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Click vo tab Scale v trong phn Scale Range, thay i gi tr ln nht (Maximum) ti 5.0. s thay i trn din mo ca nm Knob sau nhng bc trn y. Click OK p dng cu hnh hin ti v ng hp thoi Knob Properties li. Save VI Th thut: Khi bn to lp cc VI, bn cs th thc hnh vi nhng tnh cht v cu hnh khc nhau ca cc i tng khc na trn Front panel. Bn cng c th thm v xo cc i tng. Nh rng bn c mt t hp phm qu bu l Ctrl+z (EditUndo) Hy th thc hnh vi cc tnh cht khc ca Knob bng vic s dng cc tnh cht c trong hp thoi Knob Properites. V d, th thay i mu sc cho Marker Text Color bng vic click vo hp mu (color box) trn tab Scale

Tu bin th
Hin ti th chng ta ang hin th 2 tn hiu. phn bit cc tn hiu vi nhau, bn cn tu bin cc th. Hon thnh nhng bc sau y tu bin din mo ngoi quan ca mt th ni chung. 1. 2. Di chuyn con tr chut ti phn ghi ch pha trn (top) ca th (Plot legend). rng mc d th ang hin th 2 tn hiu nhng phn ghi ch th li ch c tn mt th (Sawtooth). Trong lc ta di chuyn con tr ln trn phn ghi ch ca th, khi mt mi tn hai u xut hin th ta click v ko r ng bin ca phn ch thch th m rng ra cho n khi tn ca th th hai xut hin.

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Right-Click vo waveform graph v chn properties t danh sch s xung lm xut hin hp thoi Graph Properties. 4. Trn tab Plots, chn la Sawtooth t menu s xung, chn line color trong hp mu (color box) hin th bng tu chn v mu sc. Chn la mt mu mi cho th. 5. Chn Sawtooth (scaled) t menu s xung. 6. t mt du kim vo kim Dont use waveform names for plot names 7. Trong box Name, xo nhn hin ti v i tn mi cho th l Scaled Sawtooth. 8. Click nut OK p dng cu hnh hin ti v ng hp thoi Graph Properties li. ti s thay i hnh nh ca th. 9. Thc hnh vi cc tnh cht khc ca th. V d nh th b i tnh nng t ng Scale trn tab Scale. 10. Ghi li s thay i hoc bm nt cancel b qua nhng tnh nng mi chn. ng VI li.